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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (01) : 42 -46. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.01.008

重症超声影像学

床旁肺部超声评估新型冠状病毒肺炎患者肺损伤的价值
骆永芳1, 周丹1, 曾嘉慧1, 田文硕2, 朱白沙1, 包明稳1, 冯文霞1, 张宇1, 冯程1,()   
  1. 1. 518112 深圳市第三人民医院超声科
    2. 518114 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司超声临床科研部
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-02 出版日期:2022-01-01
  • 通信作者: 冯程
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科研基金(B2019163)

Value of bedside lung ultrasound in evaluation of lung lesions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

Yongfang Luo1, Dan Zhou1, Jiahui Zeng1, Wenshuo Tian2, Baisha Zhu1, Mingwen Bao1, Wenxia Feng1, Yu Zhang1, Cheng Feng1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518112, China
    2. Clinical Research Division of Ultrasound Imaging System, Shenzhen Mindray Bio-Medical Electronics Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518114, China
  • Received:2020-04-02 Published:2022-01-01
  • Corresponding author: Cheng Feng
引用本文:

骆永芳, 周丹, 曾嘉慧, 田文硕, 朱白沙, 包明稳, 冯文霞, 张宇, 冯程. 床旁肺部超声评估新型冠状病毒肺炎患者肺损伤的价值[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(01): 42-46.

Yongfang Luo, Dan Zhou, Jiahui Zeng, Wenshuo Tian, Baisha Zhu, Mingwen Bao, Wenxia Feng, Yu Zhang, Cheng Feng. Value of bedside lung ultrasound in evaluation of lung lesions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(01): 42-46.

目的

探讨床旁肺部超声在评估新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)患者肺损伤中的价值。

方法

对深圳市第三人民医院2020年1月至3月共74例经核酸检测确诊为COVID-19的患者进行床旁肺部超声检查,根据国家卫生健康委办公厅《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》临床诊断方法分为危重症组(n=15)、重症组(n=22)及轻症组(含普通型;n=37),记录超声检查当天患者的氧合指数、辅助通气情况、肺部声像图特征等信息,并计算肺积分。采用单因素方差分析3组氧合指数、辅助通气天数和肺积分的差异。采用Pearson χ2检验比较3组肺部声像图特征的差异,不同特征构成比采用独立样本秩和检验。采用Pearson双变量方法分析肺积分与氧合指数、辅助呼吸天数的相关性。

结果

危重症组、重症组及轻症组氧合指数比较[(220.96±104.65)mmHg vs(296.00±78.95)mmHg vs(393.78±118.97)mmHg;1 mmHg=0.133 kPa],差异具有统计学意义(F=18.520,P<0.001);辅助通气天数比较[(19.27±11.91)d vs(8.77±6.73)d vs(2.92±5.43)d],差异具有统计学意义(F=25.483,P<0.001);肺积分比较[(20.6±4.98)分vs(12.77±5.54)分vs(4.54±3.43)分],差异具有统计学意义(F=73.894,P<0.001)。危重症组肺部声像图的主要表现为胸膜增厚不连续(100%,15/15)、大实变(80%,12/15)和心包积液(13%,2/15),其中大实变和心包积液与重症组、轻症组比较,差异均有统计学意义(与重症组比较:80%(12/15)vs 32%(7/22),Z=3.170,P=0.005;13%(2/15)vs 0,Z=2.439,P=0.044;与轻症组比较:80%(12/15)vs 5%(2/22),Z=5.369,P<0.001;13%(2/15)vs 0,Z=2.668,P=0.023)。肺积分与氧合指数呈负相关(r=-0.62,P<0.01),与辅助呼吸天数呈正相关(r=0.67,P<0.01)。

结论

床旁肺部超声可以辅助评估COVID-19患者肺损伤的程度,可对临床诊疗提供帮助。

Objective

To evaluate the value of bedside pulmonary ultrasonography in evaluating the extent of pulmonary lesions in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

From January to March 2020, a total of 74 patients with COVID-19 confirmed by nucleic acid test at Shenzhen Third People's Hospital underwent bedside lung ultrasonography. According to the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7) released by National Health Commission/State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2020, the patients were divided into a critical group (n=15), a severe group (n=22), and a mild group (including the common type, n=37). Oxygenation index values, days of mechanically assisted ventilation, lung sonography characterristics, and lung score were recorded on the day of the ultrasound examination. One-way ANOVA was used to test the oxygenation index values, assisted respiration days, and lung score among the three groups. Pearsons χ2 test was used to analyze the characteristics of lung ultrasonography. Independent sample rank sum test was used to compare sonographic characteristics. The correlations between lung scores and oxygenation index values and assisted respiration days were analyzed by the Pearson bivariate method.

Results

There was a significant difference in oxygenation index values [(220.96±104.65) mmHg vs (296.00±78.95) mmHg vs (393.78±118.97) mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, F=18.520, P<0.001], assisted respiration days [(19.27±11.91) d vs (8.77±6.73) d vs (2.92±5.43) d, F=25.483, P<0.001], and lung scores among the three groups [(20.6±4.98) vs (12.77±5.54) vs (4.54±3.43), F=73.894, P<0.001] among the three groups. The main features of lung ultrasonography in the critical group were pleural thickening and discontinuity (100%, 15/15) , a large amount of consolidation (80%, 12/15), and pericardial effusion (13%, 2/15). There was a significant difference in the percentages of patients with a large amount of consolidation and pericardial effusion between the critical group and the severe group [80% (12/15) vs 32% (7/22), Z=3.170, P=0.005; 13% (2/15) vs 0, Z=2.439, P=0.044] and mild group [80% (12/15) vs 5% (2/22), Z=5.369, P<0.001; 13% (2/15) vs 0, Z=2.668, P=0.023]. Lung scores had a significant correlation with oxygenation index values and assisted respiration days in patients with COVID-19 (r=-0.62, P<0.01; r=0.67, P<0.01, respectively).

Conclusion

Bedside lung ultrasound could be used to evaluate the extent of pulmonary lesions in patients with COVID-19, which may be helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

表1 74例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者一般临床资料比较
表2 各组新型冠状病毒肺炎患者肺部超声特征及肺积分比较
图1 新型冠状病毒肺炎患者肺部超声声像图。图a示胸膜增厚不连续,图b示小碎片实变,图c示密集B线,图d示大片实变的肺和胸腔积液,可见空气支气管征,图e示碎片超过一个肋间,图f示心包积液(白色箭头所示)
图2 肺积分与氧合指数(图a)和辅助呼吸天数(图b)的相关性分析图注:1 mmHg=0.133 kPa
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