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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (04) : 328 -336. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.04.008

介入超声影像学

消融对T1N0M0 甲状腺乳头状癌患者抑郁状态及生活质量的影响
张娅茹1,2, 逄川2, 庞宇3, 范方莹2, 梁萍2, 于杰1,2,()   
  1. 1. 230032 合肥,安徽医科大学解放军307 临床学院 安徽医科大学第五临床医学院
    2. 100853 北京,解放军总医院第五医学中心介入超声科
    3. 101149 北京,首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-06 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 于杰
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(82030047)国家杰出青年科学基金(82325027)

Effect of ablation on quality of life and depressive status in patients with T1N0M0 papillary thyroid cancer

Yaru Zhang1,2, Chuan Pang2, Yu Pang3, Fangying Fan2, Ping Liang2, Jie Yu1,2,()   

  1. 1. the PLA 307 Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, the Fifth Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
    2. Department of Interventional Ultrasound, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
    3. Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 101149, China
  • Received:2025-02-06 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Jie Yu
引用本文:

张娅茹, 逄川, 庞宇, 范方莹, 梁萍, 于杰. 消融对T1N0M0 甲状腺乳头状癌患者抑郁状态及生活质量的影响[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(04): 328-336.

Yaru Zhang, Chuan Pang, Yu Pang, Fangying Fan, Ping Liang, Jie Yu. Effect of ablation on quality of life and depressive status in patients with T1N0M0 papillary thyroid cancer[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(04): 328-336.

目的

探讨T1N0M0 期甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者微波消融(MWA)术前术后的生活质量、抑郁状态及消融后抑郁未缓解的影响因素。

方法

本研究采用前瞻性纵向研究设计,于2023 年11 月至2024 年10 月,前瞻性选取解放军总医院介入超声科行MWA 的T1N0M0 期PTC 患者302 例作为研究对象。采用患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织生活质量问卷(EORTC QLQ-C30)和甲状腺癌特异性生活质量问卷(THYCA-QoL)对患者接受MWA 治疗前及术后1 个月的生活质量及抑郁状态进行评估。对比治疗前后的各项评分差异,并采用多因素Logistic 回归分析PTC 患者消融后抑郁未缓解的独立影响因素。

结果

排除93 例未完整填写术后问卷的患者,本研究共纳入209 例PTC 患者。与MWA 术前相比,术后1 个月患者的抑郁评分显著降低(3.74±2.69 vs 2.64±2.15,P<0.001),抑郁发生率(PHQ-9 评分≥5 分)由术前的30.6%(64/209)降低至术后的17.2%(36/209),差异有统计学意义(P=0.001)。与MWA 治疗前相比,治疗后EORTC QLQ-C30 生活质量总分无明显改变(P=0.947),但情绪功能和认知功能评分有所提高(P=0.048、0.035),角色功能降低(P=0.002);治疗后THYCA-QoL 总评分显著降低(17.60±3.41 vs 16.80±2.80,P=0.009),其中神经肌肉、注意力、交感神经、心理、感官、感到寒冷等症状显著改善(P=0.013、0.010、0.031、0.003、0.031、0.010)。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,女性(OR=5.598,95%CI:1.127 ~27.813,P=0.035)和病灶邻近危险三角区(OR=10.230,95%CI:2.542 ~41.168,P=0.001)是MWA 后抑郁未缓解的独立危险因素。

结论

MWA 能改善早期PTC 患者的抑郁状态、甲状腺癌特异性症状及情绪、认知相关生活质量。但女性或结节邻近危险三角区患者术后抑郁状况缓解欠佳,临床应对此类患者给予更多心理支持,以更好地帮助这部分患者缓解抑郁情绪,提高生活质量。

Objective

To investigate the quality of life, depression status, and the influencing factors of non-remission of depression in patients with T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) before and after microwave ablation (MWA).

Methods

A prospective longitudinal study design was adopted.A total of 302 T1N0M0 PTC patients who underwent MWA in the Department of Interventional Ultrasound of Chinese PLA General Hospital from November 2023 to October 2024 were prospectively selected.The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and Thyroid Cancer-specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (THYCA-QoL)were used to evaluate quality of life (QOL) and depressive status of the patients before and one month after surgery.The scores before and after treatment were compared, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors related to unrelieved depression in PTC patients after ablation.

Results

After excluding 93 patients who did not complete the postoperative questionnaire, 209 patients with PTC were included in this study.Compared with the scores before MWA, depression scores were significantly decreased one month after MWA (3.74±2.69 vs 2.64±2.15, P<0.001).The incidence of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥5 points) decreased from 30.6% (64/209) before MWA to 17.2% (36/209) after MWA, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.001).Compared with those before MWA treatment, the total QOL score of EORTC QLQ-C30 had no significant change (P=0.947), but the scores of emotional and cognitive function were improved (P=0.048 and 0.035, respectively), and that of role function was decreased (P=0.002).THYCA-QoL total score decreased significantly after treatment (17.60±3.41 vs 16.80±2.80, P=0.009), and neuromuscular, attention, sympathetic nerve, psychological, sensory, and feeling cold scores were significantly improved (P=0.013, 0.010, 0.031, 0.001, 0.031, and 0.010, respectively).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender (odds ratio [OR]=5.598, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.127-27.813, P=0.035) and nodules adjacent to the danger triangle of the face (OR=10.230, 95%CI: 2.542-41.168, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for unrelieved depression in PTC patients after MWA.

Conclusion

MWA can improve depression,thyroid cancer-specific symptoms, and quality of life related to emotional and cognitive function in early PTC patients.However, female patients or patients with nodules adjacent to the death triangle have poor relief in depression after MWA, and they should receive additional psychological support to better relieve depression and improve the QOL.

图1 研究流程图
表1 甲状腺乳头状癌患者微波消融治疗前后生活质量和心理状态量表评分比较(±s,分)
量表评分项目 治疗前(n=209 例) 治疗后(n=209 例) 统计值 P
EORTC QLQ-C30
总体生活质量 74.16±16.37 80.90±16.42 t= -4.202 < 0.001
躯体功能 93.08±11.03 93.62±11.18 t= -0.499 0.618
角色功能 97.37±9.23 93.70±14.11 t= 3.145 0.002
情绪功能 85.09±14.53 87.92±14.62 t= -1.983 0.048
认知功能 90.75±15.14 93.62±12.52 t= -2.113 0.035
社会功能 95.85±11.85 93.94±13.88 t= 1.516 0.130
疲劳 10.52±15.42 12.28±16.52 t= -1.125 0.261
恶心呕吐 1.91±6.46 1.67±5.77 t= 0.400 0.690
疼痛 5.34±11.76 6.62±11.33 t= -1.130 0.259
呼吸困难 6.06±14.45 6.38±15.39 t= -0.219 0.827
失眠 12.92±21.38 13.08±21.41 t= -0.076 0.939
食欲丧失 4.31±11.67 4.47±12.71 t= -0.134 0.894
便秘 7.34±15.99 6.70±16.91 t= 0.396 0.692
腹泻 4.62±12.00 3.83±10.65 t= 0.718 0.473
经济困难 7.34±19.59 6.70±16.27 t= 0.362 0.717
总分 92.44±8.11 92.39±8.39 t= -0.497 0.947
THYCA-QoL
神经肌肉 1.28±0.38 1.20±0.30 t= 2.501 0.013
声音 1.20±0.40 1.22±0.42 t= -0.418 0.676
注意力 1.22±0.41 1.12±0.32 t= 2.578 0.010
交感神经 1.49±0.60 1.37±0.55 t= 2.164 0.031
咽喉/ 口腔 1.38±0.41 1.43±0.48 t= -1.027 0.305
心理 1.43±0.46 1.30±0.40 t= 2.996 0.003
感官 1.34±0.44 1.25±0.42 t= 2.164 0.031
疤痕 1.03±0.25 1.02±0.14 t= 0.733 0.464
感到寒冷 1.43±0.72 1.26±0.56 t= 2.574 0.010
手/ 脚刺痛 1.10±0.36 1.11±0.31 t= -0.290 0.772
体重增加 1.33±0.65 1.24±0.53 t= 1.574 0.116
头痛 1.31±0.54 1.31±0.54 t= 0.000 1.000
性兴趣 2.06±0.82 1.97±0.90 t= 1.021 0.308
总分 17.60±3.41 16.80±2.80 t= 2.410 0.009
PHQ-9
抑郁 3.74±2.69 2.64±2.15 t= 4.638 < 0.001
否( < 5 分)[ 例(%)] 145(69.4) 173(82.8) χ 2= 3.251 0.001
是(≥ 5 分)[ 例(%)] 64(30.6) 36(17.2)
图2 微波消融治疗后甲状腺乳头状癌患者抑郁状态改变饼图。稳定指患者消融治疗前后始终处于非抑郁状态;缓解指患者从消融前的抑郁状态逆转为消融后的非抑郁状态;未缓解指患者消融前后维持着抑郁状态;恶化指患者由消融前非抑郁状态转变为消融后抑郁状态
表2 甲状腺乳头状癌患者微波消融治疗前后EORTC QLQ-C30、THYCA-QoL 量表评分差值与PHQ-9 量表评分差值的相关性分析
表3 甲状腺乳头状癌患者微波消融后抑郁缓解的单因素分析结果[例(%)]
表4 甲状腺乳头状癌患者微波消融后抑郁未缓解的多因素Logistic 回归分析结果
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