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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (07) : 592 -599. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.07.002

腹部超声影像学

多模态声像图特征预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎应用类固醇类药物后影像学缓解与急性发作
高思琦1, 张博闻2, 蒋天安1,()   
  1. 1 310000 杭州,浙江大学附属第一医院超声科
    2 310000 杭州,浙江大学附属第一医院放射科
  • 收稿日期:2025-02-10 出版日期:2025-07-01
  • 通信作者: 蒋天安
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大科研仪器研制项目(82027803)

Multimodal sonographic features predicting imaging remission and acute exacerbation of IgG4-related pancreatitis following steroid treatment

Siqi Gao1, Bowen Zhang2, Tian'an Jiang1,()   

  1. 1 Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
    2 Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
  • Received:2025-02-10 Published:2025-07-01
  • Corresponding author: Tian'an Jiang
引用本文:

高思琦, 张博闻, 蒋天安. 多模态声像图特征预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎应用类固醇类药物后影像学缓解与急性发作[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(07): 592-599.

Siqi Gao, Bowen Zhang, Tian'an Jiang. Multimodal sonographic features predicting imaging remission and acute exacerbation of IgG4-related pancreatitis following steroid treatment[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(07): 592-599.

目的

研究多模态超声(包括超声、超声造影、超声内镜)的声像学特征在预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎应用类固醇类药物后影像学缓解与急性发作中的作用。

方法

纳入浙江大学医学院附属第一医院2018年1月至2024年1月84例经穿刺活检确诊并具有完整影像学检查资料的IgG4相关性胰腺炎的患者。记录临床基本信息以及超声、超声造影、超声内镜3种模式下的声像学特点(包括胰腺实质改变、胰胆管改变、增强方式等信息)作为基线水平信息。通过影像学和病历系统随访,记录患者在应用类固醇类药物后缓解及急性发作情况。通过χ2检验比较随访过程中影像学缓解与未缓解患者、急性发作与未发作患者的基线临床信息及声像图特征的差异,构建预测影像学缓解及急性发作的Logistic回归模型,并绘制受试者操作特征曲线分析模型的预测效能。

结果

84例患者中达到影像学缓解患者43例,随访过程中再次急性发作者15例。与影像学未缓解组比较,影像学缓解组基线淀粉酶升高、出现胆管狭窄、形成假性囊肿及超声造影呈不均匀强化的患者比例更高(22/43 vs 12/41;25/43 vs 10/41;9/43 vs 1/41;19/43 vs 9/41),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.176、9.836、6.843、4.669,P=0.048、0.002、0.009、0.031),应用Logistic回归分析构建预测影像学缓解的模型:是否影像学缓解=0.553×基线淀粉酶是否升高+1.779×胆管是否狭窄+3.280×有无假性囊肿-0.800×是否均匀强化-0.701,该模型预测影像学缓解的AUC为0.81,敏感度和特异度为83%和57%。与未发作组比较,急性发作组的基线淀粉酶升高、胆管支架植入、超声造影呈低强化的患者比例更高(10/15 vs 24/69;9/15 vs 8/69;11/15 vs 30/69),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=5.199、17.885、4.395,P=0.040、<0.001、=0.036),应用Logistic回归构建预测急性发作的模型:是否急性发作=0.589×基线淀粉酶是否升高+2.332×是否有胆道支架+1.488×是否呈低增强-3.442,该模型预测急性发作的AUC为0.83,敏感度和特异度为93%及51%。

结论

多模态声像图可以提供多角度的病灶特征,并有效预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎应用类固醇类药物后的影像学缓解与急性发作。

Objective

To investigate the role of multimodal ultrasound features, including ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and endoscopic ultrasound, in predicting imaging remission and acute exacerbation of IgG4-related pancreatitis following steroid therapy.

Methods

This study included 84 patients with biopsy-confirmed IgG4-related pancreatitis with complete imaging data in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2018 to January 2024. Baseline clinical information and features of ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, and endoscopic ultrasound (including pancreatic parenchymal changes, biliary ductal changes, and enhancement patterns) were recorded. Patients were followed for a median duration of 18 months via imaging and medical records to document remission and acute exacerbation post-steroid treatment. The baseline clinical and sonographic features were compared between patients who achieved remission and those who did not, and between patients who experienced acute exacerbation and those who did not, to investigate the predictive value of multimodal ultrasound for these outcomes. Logistic regression models were constructed to predict imaging remission and acute exacerbation.

Results

Among the 84 patients, 43 achieved imaging remission, and 15 had acute exacerbation during the follow-up. Compared with the non-remission group, the imaging remission group had higher proportions of patients with elevated baseline amylase, bile duct stenosis, formation of pseudocysts, and heterogeneous enhancement (22/43 vs 12/41, 25/43 vs 10/41, 9/43 vs 1/41, and 19/43 vs 9/41, respectively), with statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ2=4.176, 9.836, 6.843, and 4.669, P=0.048, 0.002, 0.009, and 0.031, respectively). Logistic regression analysis was applied to construct a model for predicting imaging remission: Imaging remission =0.553×whether baseline amylase was elevated +1.779×whether the bile duct was stenotic +3.280×whether there was a pseudocyst -0.800×whether there was homogeneous enhancement -0.701. The area under the curve (AUC) of this model for predicting imaging remission was 0.81, with a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 57%. Compared with the non-exacerbation group, the acute exacerbation group had higher proportions of patients with elevated baseline amylase, bile duct stent implantation, and hypo-enhancement (10/15 vs 24/69, 9/15 vs 8/69, and 11/15 vs 30/69, respectively), with statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ2=5.199, 17.885, and 4.395, P=0.040, <0.001, and =0.036, respectively). Logistic regression was applied to construct a model for predicting acute exacerbation: Acute exacerbation =0.589× whether baseline amylase was elevated +2.332× whether there was a biliary stent + 1.488×whether there was hypo-enhancement -3.442. The AUC of this model for predicting acute exacerbation was 0.83, with a sensitivity and specificity of 93% and 51%, respectively.

Conclusion

Multimodal sonograms can provide comprehensive lesion characterization and effectively predict imaging remission and acute exacerbation of IgG4-related pancreatitis following steroid treatment.

图1 65岁男性患者体检发现胰腺占位声像图。图a:超声造影呈低增强,均匀增强,图b:超声内镜图像,图c、d:基线CT与3个月后MRI比较,病灶大小无明显改变
表1 弥漫型和局限型IgG4相关性胰腺炎患者临床特征和声像图特征比较
表2 IgG4相关性胰腺炎影像学缓解与未缓解组临床信息和声像图特征差异
表3 IgG4相关性胰腺炎急性发作和未发作组临床信息和声像图特征差异
表4 预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎影像学缓解的Logistic回归分析结果
图2 Logistic回归模型预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎患者影像学缓解的受试者操作特征曲线
表5 预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎急性发作的Logistic回归分析结果
图3 Logistic回归模型预测IgG4相关性胰腺炎患者急性发作的受试者操作特征曲线
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