2023 , Vol. 20 >Issue 03: 265 - 271
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.03.002
超声、磁共振与CT联合诊断腹膜后内寄生胎
通信作者:
杨小红,Email:yangxiaohong123@163.comCopy editor: 吴春凤
收稿日期: 2021-10-29
网络出版日期: 2023-07-05
基金资助
湖北省卫生厅科研基金(WJ2021M188)
版权
Ultrasound combined with magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography for diagnosis of retroperitoneal fetus-in-fetu
Corresponding author:
Yang Xiaohong, Email: yangxiaohong123@163.comReceived date: 2021-10-29
Online published: 2023-07-05
Copyright
探讨胎儿期腹膜后内寄生胎的超声与磁共振的影像特征,与出生后CT对比,提高内寄生胎的产前诊断水平。
回顾性分析2016年10月至2020年1月湖北省妇幼保健院6例腹膜后内寄生胎产前超声、磁共振影像及其临床资料,并与出生后CT、手术和病理结果进行对照分析。
产前超声首次发现肿块大小范围为11 mm×10 mm×11 mm至40 mm×37 mm×25 mm。超声发现肿块后完成磁共振检查。宿主出生1~12 d超声复查肿块大小范围为54 mm×45 mm×38 mm至125 mm×112 mm×83 mm。6例产前均正确诊断为腹膜后内寄生胎,最早于孕28+4周正确诊断。临床结局:6例宿主于出生5~16 d择期手术,其中3例行开放手术,3例行腹腔镜微创手术,随访至2021年9月均未复发。病理结果:6例腹膜后内寄生胎,单寄生胎4例,双胎内寄生胎2例;其中1例合并成熟性畸胎瘤。与病理结果对照,产前超声检出率由高到低依次为骨性组织、颅骨环、长骨、脊柱轴、肢芽、血管蒂等。磁共振检查能更准确地判断内寄生胎与腹内毗邻脏器结构之间的关系。
超声联合磁共振、CT成像有助于提高胎儿期腹膜后内寄生胎的诊断率。
包艳娟 , 杨小红 , 杨星海 , 赵胜 , 杨帆 , 潘圣宝 , 张晓燕 . 超声、磁共振与CT联合诊断腹膜后内寄生胎[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2023 , 20(03) : 265 -271 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.03.002
To investigate the ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of retroperitoneal fetus-in-fetu.
The prenatal ultrasound and MRI images of 6 cases of retroperitoneal fetus-in-fetu diagnosed at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from October 2016 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the findings were compared with the postnatal computed tomography (CT), surgical, and pathological results.
The size of the masses at the first prenatal ultrasound diagnosis ranged from 11 mm×10 mm×11 mm to 40 mm×37 mm×25 mm, and the gestational age ranged from 22+2 weeks to 34+1 weeks. MRI was performed at 22+3 weeks to 40+5 weeks of gestational age. The mass size ranged from 54 mm×45 mm×38 mm to 125 mm×112 mm×83 mm on ultrasound during 1-12 days after birth. All the 6 cases were accurately diagnosed as retroperitoneal fetus-in-fetu before delivery, and the earliest diagnosis was made at 28+4 weeks of gestational age. Regarding clinical outcome, all the 6 cases underwent elective surgery during 5-16 days after birth, of which 3 underwent open surgery, and the other 3 underwent laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery, one of whom was converted to open surgery due to difficulties of laparoscopic mass separation. There was no recurrence during follow-up. With regard to pathological results, there were 6 cases of retroperitoneal parasitic fetuses, 4 cases of single parasites, and 2 cases of twin parasites; one case was associated with mature teratoma. Using the pathological results as the golden standard, the highest detection rate of prenatal ultrasound occurred in the bone tissue and skull ring, followed by long bones, spinal shafts, limb buds, vascular pedicles, and skin.
Ultrasound combined with MR and CT as multimodal imaging is helpful to improve the diagnosis of fetal retroperitoneal fetus-in-fetu.
Key words: Fetus-in-fetu; Ultrasound; Magnetic resonance; Computed tomography
表1 腹膜后内寄生胎宿主母亲与宿主的一般临床资料 |
病例序号 | 宿主母亲 | 宿主 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
孕产史 | 分娩时间(周) | 生产方式 | 性别 | 手术时间(d) | 寄生胎数目(个) | 手术方式 | 合并症 | |
1 | 孕2产0 | 40+4 | 顺产 | 男 | 12 | 1 | 腹腔镜转开放手术 | |
2 | 孕3产1 | 39+1 | 顺产 | 女 | 10 | 2 | 开放手术 | 肠粘连,不全性肠梗阻 |
3 | 孕3产2 | 38+3 | 剖宫产 | 男 | 11 | 2 | 腹腔镜 | 肠梗阻 |
4 | 孕1产0 | 38+5 | 顺产 | 男 | 16 | 1 | 开放手术 | |
5 | 孕4产2 | 40+1 | 顺产 | 男 | 5 | 1 | 开放手术 | 梅克尔憩室 |
6 | 孕2产1 | 41 | 顺产 | 女 | 11 | 1 | 腹腔镜 | 成熟性畸胎瘤 |
表2 腹膜后内寄生胎产前超声与磁共振检查对比分析 |
病例序号 | 超声 | 磁共振 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
孕龄(周) | 肿块大小(mm) | 诊断意见 | 孕龄(周) | 肿块大小(mm) | 诊断意见 | |
1 | 25+2 | 11×10×11 | 腹部囊实性包块 | - | - | - |
30+5 | 32×35×29 | - | - | - | - | |
34+5 | 45×44×40 | - | 35+6 | 31×33×33 | 内寄生胎(肿块位于左上腹近中线处,推挤肠管,胃移位,左肾略受压) | |
40+4 | 63×53×55 | 内寄生胎 | 40+5 | 58×49×56 | - | |
2 | 24 | 19×17×16 | 腹部囊实性包块 | - | - | - |
31 | 56×43×38 | 内寄生胎 | 31+3 | 46×41×53 | 内寄生胎(肿块位于左侧腹近中线处,上缘紧邻肝胃脾) | |
41+1 | 98×96×67 | - | - | - | ||
3 | 22+2 | 27×20×19 | 畸胎瘤或内寄生胎 | 22+3 | 24×19×22 | 内寄生胎或畸胎瘤(肿块位于右上腹近中线处,肝脏、右肾受压,肠管移位) |
33+1 | 73×68×57 | 双胎内寄生胎 | - | - | - | |
35+1 | 83×84×67 | - | - | - | - | |
37+4 | 89×92×87 | - | 37+5 | 111×87×64 | 双胎内寄生胎 | |
39+6 | 113×102×97 | - | - | - | - | |
4 | 34+1 | 40×37×25 | 神经母细胞瘤可能 | 35+1 | 41×34×27 | 神经母细胞瘤可能(肿块位于左肾上腺区、左侧膈下、左肾上方,左肾受压下移) |
36+6 | 48×41×38 | 内寄生胎 | - | - | ||
40+3 | 52×48×38 | - | - | - | ||
5 | 25+4 | 25×20×25 | 腹部囊实性包块 | 25+4 | 23×25×21 | 内寄生胎或畸胎瘤 |
32+6 | 63×58×51 | 内寄生胎 | 33+5 | 46×39×53 | 内寄生胎(肿块位于左上腹、胃泡下方、左肾前方近中线处) | |
39+5 | 79×65×72 | - | - | - | - | |
6 | 26+4 | 27×19×26 | 肾上腺出血可能 | - | - | - |
28+4 | 40×27×38 | 内寄生胎 | 29+2 | 39×38×36 | 内寄生胎(肿块位于右肾上腺区、肝脏下方、右肾上方,右肾受压下移、旋转,肝右叶受压,胆囊显示不清) | |
31 | 60×36×60 | - | - | - | ||
39+3 | 83×56×80 | - | - | - |
注:-表示无相应内容 |
表3 腹膜后内寄生胎宿主出生后影像资料对比 |
病例序号 | 超声 | 磁共振 | CT | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
出生龄(d) | 大小(mm) | 出生龄(d) | 大小(mm) | 出生龄(d) | 大小(mm) | 肿块内部骨性结构 | |
1 | 1 | 58×51×50 | - | - | 1 | 52×55×50 | 脊柱、肢体长骨 |
5 | 67×58×64 | - | - | - | - | - | |
2 | 6 | 106×92×79 | - | - | 4 | 92×78×66 | ①颅骨、脊柱、肢体长骨;②脊柱、肢体长骨 |
3 | 6 | 125×112×83 | 4 | 124×76×89 | 5 | 120×86×85 | ①脊柱、肢体长骨;②脊柱、肢体长骨 |
4 | 8 | 54×45×38 | 13 | 54×53×50 | 11 | 49×42×40 | 脊柱、肋骨、髂骨、肢体长骨 |
5 | 12 | 82×72×76 | 3 | 51×60×74 | 2 | 58×59×75 | 颅骨、脊柱、肢体长骨 |
6 | 1 | 86×56×84 | 8 | 87×75×76 | 7 | 85×76×67 | 散在骨性组织 |
注:①②表示双胎内寄生胎之一、之二;-表示无相应内容 |
表4 腹膜后内寄生胎产前超声与病理对照(检出个数/应检个数) |
检查方法 | 骨性组织 | 颅骨 | 长骨 | 脊柱 | 肢芽 | 血管蒂 | 皮肤 | 外生殖器 | 脑组织 | 毛发 | 肠管 | 肾 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
病理 | 8/8 | 2/8 | 7/8 | 7/8 | 8/8 | 8/8 | 8/8 | 3/8 | 4/8 | 7/8 | 5/8 | 1/8 |
超声 | 8/8 | 2/2 | 6/7 | 6/7 | 6/8 | 6/8 | 4/8 | 1/3 | 2/4 | 0/7 | 0/5 | 0/1 |
磁共振 | 7/8 | 2/2 | 7/8 | 6/7 | 0/8 | 0/8 | 0/8 | 0/3 | 0/4 | 0/7 | 0/5 | 0/1 |
图3 超声及磁共振检查显示分界清晰的双胎内寄生胎。图a:孕22+2周,超声显示胎儿腹部囊实性肿块;图b:孕22+3周,磁共振显示胎儿腹部囊实性肿块,内可见2处实性团块;图c:孕37+4周,超声显示2个独立的寄生胎;图d:孕37+5周,磁共振显示2个独立的寄生胎 |
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