2023 , Vol. 20 >Issue 08: 836 - 843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.08.009
无创心肌做功对左束支传导阻滞患者左心室整体及节段心肌收缩功能的评价
Copy editor: 汪荣
收稿日期: 2022-07-22
网络出版日期: 2023-10-31
版权
No-invasive myocardial work for evaluation of global and segmental myocardial function in patients with left bundle branch block
Received date: 2022-07-22
Online published: 2023-10-31
Copyright
应用无创心肌做功(MW)技术评价左束支传导阻滞(LBBB)患者左心室整体及节段心肌收缩功能的特点。
选取2019年9月至2022年5月于泰达国际心血管病医院首次就诊的真性LBBB患者42例。按左心室射血分数(LVEF)分为3组:EF保留组(LVEF≥50%,17例)、EF轻中度减低组(LVEF 36%~49%,14例)和EF重度减低组(LVEF≤35%,11例)。同时选取15例健康体检者作为对照组。测量并分析比较各组患者的左心室整体MW参数:左心室整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有用功(GCW)、整体无用功(GWW)及整体做功效率(GWE),节段MW参数:室间隔中段及左心室侧壁中段的做功指数(WI-septal、WI-lateral)、有用功(CW-septal、CW-lateral)、无用功(WW-septal、WW-lateral)及做功效率(WE-septal、WE-lateral)。并对MW参数与传统超声心动图参数的相关性进行分析。
与对照组相比,LBBB各组GWI及GWE降低、GWW增高(P均<0.05)。LBBB各组CW-septal低于CW-lateral,WW-septal高于WW-lateral(P均<0.05)。与对照组相比,EF保留组和EF轻中度减低组WI-septal、CW-septal及WE-septal均降低,WW-septal增高(P均<0.05),而侧壁的节段MW参数仅WW-lateral有所增高(P<0.05);LBBB重度减低组WI-lateral及CW-lateral亦有所减低(P均<0.05)。整体MW参数及室间隔节段MW参数与传统超声参数均呈良好相关性,其中整体MW参数中GWE与LVEF、LVESV及GLS相关性最好(r=0.90、-0.80和0.95,P均<0.001),节段MW参数中WE-septal与LVEF、LVESV及GLS相关性最好(r=0.86、-0.76和0.86,P均<0.01)。
MW参数可以准确详细评估LBBB患者左心室整体和节段心肌收缩功能的变化。在左心室收缩功能减低不明显的LBBB患者中,室间隔功能已有受损,左心室侧壁功能尚能保存;在左心室收缩功能严重下降的患者中,左心室侧壁收缩功能亦减低。
孙佳英 , 黄云洲 , 任书堂 , 王翠华 , 陈新华 , 于艾嘉 , 陈元禄 . 无创心肌做功对左束支传导阻滞患者左心室整体及节段心肌收缩功能的评价[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2023 , 20(08) : 836 -843 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.08.009
To evaluate the global and segmental systolic function of the left ventricle in patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB) by noninvasive myocardial work (MW).
A total of 42 patients with true LBBB who received their first treatment at TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital from September 2019 to May 2022 were divided into three groups according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): EF preserved group (LVEF≥50%), EF moderately reduced group (LVEF= 36%~49%), and EF severely reduced group (LVEF≤35%). Fifteen healthy people were selected as a control group. The following parameters were obtained and analyzed: global MW parameters including global work index (GWI), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), and global work efficiency (GWE), and segmental MW parameters including WI-septal, WI-lateral, CW-septal, CW-lateral, WW-septal, WW-lateral, WE-septal, and WE-lateral. The correlation between MW parameters and traditional parameters was analyzed.
GWI and GWE were lower and GWW was higher in the LBBB groups than in the control group (P<0.05). CW-septal was lower than CW-lateral and WW-septal was higher than WW-lateral in the LBBB groups (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, WI-septal, CW-septal, and WE-septal decreased and WW-septal increased in both the EF preserved group and EF moderately reduced group (P<0.05), while only WW-lateral increased among the lateral segmental MW parameters (P<0.05). In the EF severely reduced group, WI-lateral and CW-lateral also decreased (P<0.05). Global and septal MW parameters showed a strong correlation with traditional parameters. Among global MW parameters, GWE showed the best correlation with LVEF, LVESV, and GLS (r=0.90, -0.80, and 0.95, respectively, P<0.001),while in segmental MW parameters,WE-septal showed the best correlation with LVEF, LVESV, and GLS (r=0.86, -0.76, and 0.86, respectively, P<0.01).
Myocardial work can be used to assess the global and segmental systolic function of the left ventricle in patients with LBBB in detail. When LVEF is not significantly reduced, septal function is impaired while lateral wall function is preserved. Lateral wall function is also impaired when LVEF is severely reduced.
Key words: Echocardiography; Left bundle branch block; Myocardial work
表1 LBBB各组与对照组一般资料比较( |
临床资料 | 对照组(n=15) | LBBB组 | 统计值 | P值 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EF保留组(n=17) | EF轻中度减低组(n=14) | EF重度减低组(n=11) | ||||
年龄(岁) | 60.14±8.16 | 67.53±9.95 | 64.71±7.29 | 60.73±10.64 | F=2.231 | 0.101 |
男性[例(%)] | 7(46.7) | 8(47.1) | 7(50.0) | 7(63.6) | χ2=3.352 | 0.340 |
身高(cm) | 162.50±8.65 | 162.50±8.70 | 163.14±7.88 | 169.27±7.47 | F=1.854 | 0.145 |
体重(kg) | 66.06±14.52 | 66.97±10.61 | 65.81±9.36 | 70.50±13.47 | F=0.401 | 0.767 |
收缩压(mmHg) | 127.71±13.62 | 138.63±13.88 | 143.71±22.45 | 125.09±17.68 | F=2.738 | 0.052 |
舒张压(mmHg) | 74.64±8.53 | 78.06±9.19 | 82.29±14.8 | 76.36±7.23 | F=1.231 | 0.268 |
心率(次/分) | 65.93±7.28 | 69.94±11.16 | 74.14±11.32 | 89.91±22.23abc | F=6.909 | <0.001 |
QRS时间(ms) | 80.36±7.74 | 139.14±13.34a | 148.62±8.92a | 148.11±10.57a | F=146.916 | <0.001 |
注:1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;LBBB为左束支传导阻滞;EF为射血分数;与对照组比较,aP<0.001;与EF保留组比较,bP<0.01;与EF轻中度减低组比较,cP<0.05 |
表2 LBBB各组与对照组常规超声心动图参数及应变参数比较 |
参数 | 对照组(n=15) | LBBB组 | 统计值 | P值 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EF保留组(n=17) | EF轻中度减低组(n=14) | EF重度减低组(n=11) | ||||
LVEDV(ml,![]() | 80.57±10.40 | 96.24±28.17 | 150.43±42.49ab | 247.91±89.65abc | F=26.021 | 0.001 |
LVESV(ml,![]() | 24.14±5.02 | 39.53±14.60 | 86.36±27.04ab | 182.18±73.71abc | F=44.823 | <0.001 |
LVEF(%,![]() | 63.00±3.98 | 59.53±4.84 | 42.86±3.44ab | 27.45±6.06abc | F=191.882 | <0.001 |
SF[例(%)] | - | 11(64.7) | 13(92.9) | 8(72.7) | χ2=4.675 | 0.322 |
心尖摆动[例(%)] | - | 14(82.4) | 11(78.6) | 8(72.7) | χ2=0.404 | 0.817 |
典型LBBB曲线[例(%)] | - | 10(58.8) | 10(71.4) | 8(72.7) | χ2=4.846 | 0.303 |
PSD(ms,![]() | 36.64±8.59 | 78.76±24.25a | 120.43±48.20ab | 124.00±29.63ab | F=17.405 | <0.001 |
GLS(%,![]() | 19.00±1.57 | 13.76±3.31a | 8.93±3.10ab | 5.27±2.53abc | F=53.429 | <0.001 |
注:LBBB为左束支传导阻滞;LVEDV为左心室舒张末期容积;LVESV为左心室收缩末期容积;LVEF为左心室射血分数;SF为室间隔闪烁;PSD为峰值应变离散度;GLS为整体纵向应变;EF为射血分数;与对照组比较,aP<0.05;与EF保留组比较,bP <0.05;与EF轻中度减低组比较,cP<0.05;-表示无相关数据 |
表3 LBBB各组与对照组整体及节段心肌做功参数比较( |
参数 | 对照组(n=15) | LBBB组 | F值 | P值 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EF保留组(n=17) | EF轻中度减低组(n=14) | EF重度减低组(n=11) | ||||
GWI(mmHg%) | 1912.79±314.18 | 1451.65±430.99a | 1012.57±395.97ab | 506.78±314.22abc | 29.335 | <0.001 |
GCW(mmHg%) | 2246.64±368.50 | 1975.71±433.77 | 1560.21±384.97ab | 933.44±341.17abc | 23.608 | <0.001 |
GWW(mmHg%) | 101.36±54.76 | 382.82±150.85a | 556.00±171.79ab | 447.00±110.09a | 29.229 | <0.001 |
GWE(%) | 95.00±1.92 | 83.18±6.40a | 71.64±7.97ab | 62.67±8.26abc | 56.275 | <0.001 |
WI-septal(mmHg%) | 1826.29±565.36 | 858.88±708.93a | 403.29±725.54ab | -199.11±276.98abc | 22.031 | <0.001 |
CW-septal(mmHg%) | 2385.71±489.67 | 1648.82±498.33a | 1193.57±602.08a | 388.89±169.15abc | 32.937 | <0.001 |
WW-septal(mmHg%) | 78.57±65.26 | 805.88±522.58a | 1321.43±748.26ab | 858.89±289.29ac | 14.868 | <0.001 |
WE-septal(%) | 96.79±2.39 | 66.53±16.01a | 48.50±17.87ab | 30.22±19.67abc | 42.000 | <0.001 |
WI-lateral(mmHg%) | 1655.00±507.42 | 1618.65±515.32 | 1637.14±735.28 | 1273.78±486.22abc | 3.892 | 0.023 |
CW-lateral(mmHg%) | 2085.71±363.44 | 2008.82±513.94 | 1971.43±725.02 | 1622.22±488.69abc | 2.897 | 0.036 |
WW-lateral(mmHg%) | 60.71±48.43 | 238.24±138.17a | 248.57±207.99a | 127.44±121.99bc | 5.682 | 0.002 |
WE-lateral(%) | 96.79±3.12 | 88.94±6.59 | 90.00±7.21 | 93.11±7.82 | 1.002 | 0.432 |
注:LBBB为左束支传导阻滞;GWI为整体做功指数;GCW为整体有用功;GWW为整体无用功;GWE为整体做功效率;WI-septal为室间隔做功指数;CW-septal为室间隔有用功;WW-septal为室间隔无用功;WE-septal为室间隔做功效率;WI-lateral为左心室侧壁做功指数;CW-lateral为左心室侧壁有用功;WW-lateral为左心室侧壁无用功;WE-lateral为左心室侧壁做功效率;EF为射血分数;与对照组相比,aP<0.05;与EF保留组相比,bP<0.05;与EF轻中度减低组相比,cP<0.05 |
图1 正常者和左束支传导阻滞(LBBB)患者的压力-应变环(PSLs)。图a~d为正常者图像;图e~h为LBBB患者图像。图a,e中红色曲线代表左心室整体PSLs;绿色曲线代表室间隔中段PSLs;柱状图b,f左侧为室间隔中段心肌做功的柱状图、右侧为整体心肌做功的柱状图,绿色柱状图代表有用功(CW),蓝色柱状图代表无用功(WW);图c,g为做功指数(WI)牛眼图;图d,h为做功效率(WE)牛眼图。可见正常者室间隔和侧壁的心肌做功无明显差异,且大部分为CW,LBBB患者室间隔CW降低、WW增加、WI和WE均降低 |
表4 心肌做功参数与传统超声心动图参数的相关性 |
参数 | LVEF | LVESV | GLS | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r值 | P值 | r值 | P值 | r值 | P值 | |
GWI | 0.82 | <0.001 | -0.73 | <0.001 | 0.94 | <0.001 |
GCW | 0.79 | <0.001 | -0.72 | <0.001 | 0.89 | <0.001 |
GWW | -0.65 | <0.001 | 0.50 | <0.001 | -0.76 | <0.001 |
GWE | 0.90 | <0.001 | -0.80 | <0.001 | 0.95 | <0.001 |
WI-septal | 0.72 | <0.001 | -0.64 | <0.001 | 0.80 | <0.001 |
CW-septal | 0.81 | <0.001 | -0.71 | <0.001 | 0.86 | <0.001 |
WW-septal | -0.54 | <0.001 | 0.40 | 0.003 | -0.62 | <0.001 |
WE-septal | 0.86 | <0.001 | -0.76 | <0.001 | 0.86 | <0.001 |
WI-lateral | 0.23 | 0.094 | -0.33 | 0.014 | 0.36 | 0.007 |
CW-lateral | 0.31 | 0.025 | -0.39 | 0.003 | 0.41 | 0.002 |
WW-lateral | -0.24 | 0.086 | 0.13 | 0.341 | -0.34 | 0.011 |
WE-lateral | 0.26 | 0.056 | -0.25 | 0.065 | 0.38 | 0.005 |
注:LVEF为左心室射血分数;LVESV为左心室收缩末期容积;GLS为整体纵向应变;GWI为整体做功指数;GCW为整体有用功;GWE为整体做功效率;GWW为整体无用功;WI-septal为室间隔做功指数;CW-septal为室间隔有用功;WW-septal为室间隔无用功;WE-septal为室间隔做功效率;WI-lateral为侧壁做功指数;CW-lateral为侧壁有用功;WW-lateral为侧壁无用功;WE-lateral为侧壁做功效率 |
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