2023 , Vol. 20 >Issue 11: 1145 - 1149
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.11.007
输卵管假性动脉瘤超声表现
Copy editor: 吴春凤
收稿日期: 2022-10-25
网络出版日期: 2024-01-15
版权
Ultrasonoimagedata features of artery pseudoaneurysm of the fallopian tube
Received date: 2022-10-25
Online published: 2024-01-15
Copyright
总结输卵管假性动脉瘤的超声特征,探讨超声在输卵管假性动脉瘤诊治中的价值。
回顾性收集2018年1月至2022年8月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院就诊的输卵管假性动脉瘤患者5例,对其超声图像及临床特征进行总结分析。
5例输卵管假性动脉瘤均经病理证实为伴发于输卵管妊娠,其中壶腹部妊娠4例,间质部妊娠1例。灰阶超声表现均为附件区或包裹于子宫角肌层内的伴有液性无回声区的非均质团块,彩色多普勒超声见血流射入无回声区,频谱多普勒呈高速低阻。3例就诊于人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)上升期,2例就诊于hCG下降期。
假性动脉瘤形成可能是输卵管妊娠破裂的一个高危因素,其愈合与hCG下降可不同步,应给予关注。超声是检出输卵管假性动脉瘤的有效手段。
王茜 , 王莉 , 玄英华 , 马雪松 , 孙夫丽 . 输卵管假性动脉瘤超声表现[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2023 , 20(11) : 1145 -1149 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.11.007
To summarize the ultrasonoimagedata features of artery pseudoaneurysm of the fallopian tube, and evaluate the value of ultrasound in its treatment.
Ultrasound images and clinical data of five patients with artery pseudoaneurysm of the fallopian tube admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to August 2022 were collected and analyzed.
All the cases were pathologically confirmed to be secondary to tubal ectopic pregnancy; four cases were tubal ampulla pregnancy and one case was interstitial tubal pregnancy. On gray-scale ultrasonography, the artery pseudoaneurysm of the fallopian tube manifested as a mass with a fluid sonolucent area outside the uterus or wrapped in the muscle layer of the cornua uteri, and the gestational sac was seen beside the fluid sonolucent area in two cases. Blood flow leaking into the false cavity directly was seen on color Doppler. Pulse Doppler revealed an arterial blood flow spectrum with high speed and low resistance index. Three cases were diagnosed during the rising stage of serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), while two cases were diagnosed during the descent phase of serum hCG.
Artery pseudoaneurysm may be another risk factor for rupture of tubal ectopic pregnancy, and its healing and endometrial degeneration are two different processes. It should be alert that artery pseudoaneurysm could rupture even when hCG is negative. Ultrasonography is effective in detecting artery pseudoaneurysm.
表1 输卵管假性动脉瘤患者一般临床资料 |
编号 | 年龄(岁) | 孕次 | 产次 | 末次月经至诊断输卵管假性动脉瘤时间 | 超声检查时hCG(IU/L) | 阴道出血 | 腹痛 | 位置 | 术式 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 29 | 2 | 1 | 72 d | 7705(上升期) | 有 | 无 | 壶腹部(左侧) | 输卵管切除 |
2 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 39 d | 9447.8(上升期) | 无 | 有 | 壶腹部(右侧) | 输卵管切除 |
3 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 9个月 | 798.05(下降期) | 有 | 有 | 壶腹部(左侧) | 输卵管开窗 |
4 | 34 | 3 | 1 | 清宫术后半年,就诊时月经已复潮 | 8.37(下降期) | 无 | 无 | 间质部(左侧) | 左宫角及输卵管切除 |
5 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 52 d | 11934.57(上升期) | 有 | 有 | 壶腹部(左侧) | 输卵管开窗 |
图1 患者30岁,孕0产0,停经39 d,间断性下腹痛14 d就诊,经术中所见及病理证实为右侧输卵管壶腹部妊娠。图a:灰阶超声可见右附件区非均质包块,包块内见孕囊回声,其旁不规则无回声区(假性动脉瘤假腔)范围1.6 cm×0.7 cm,与孕囊回声不同,假腔周边无高回声环绕;图b:彩色多普勒超声可见血流信号射入孕囊(实线箭头)旁假性动脉瘤假腔,受损动脉裂口处血流信号明亮(虚线箭头);图c:频谱多普勒超声显示入射血流速度约为320 cm/s,动脉阻力指数约为0.28 |
图2 患者30岁,孕0产0,平素月经5 d/60~90 d,闭经9个月,间断下腹痛伴阴道出血近1个月就诊。图a:经阴道超声轴位切面可见左附件区包块;图b:包块内见不规则无回声区,与孕囊不同,无回声区周边无环状高回声;图c:彩色多普勒超声可见多条受损的输卵管动脉血流直接射入无回声区(假性动脉瘤假腔;箭头所示),因受累动脉血流方向不同呈现为红色及蓝色,动脉裂口处血流明亮;图d:频谱多普勒超声显示较大受损动脉裂口处血流速度约为57.3 cm/s,动脉阻力指数为0.48;患者行超声检查时血人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)为798 IU/L,之后接受氨甲蝶呤注射2次后血hCG自初就诊时的933 IU/L降至301 IU/L,但输卵管假性动脉瘤未愈合,遂手术治疗,术中见:壶腹部膨大呈青紫色,浆膜菲薄,浆膜下可见出血点(图e);图f:病变部位病理图(HE×100),图片所示为凝血中绒毛(箭头),确认为输卵管妊娠注:UT为子宫,L-O为左卵巢,M为包块 |
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