2025 , Vol. 22 >Issue 01: 25 - 30
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.01.004
先天性囊性神经母细胞瘤的产前及产后超声表现
Copy editor: 吴春凤
收稿日期: 2024-11-08
网络出版日期: 2025-04-18
基金资助
湖北省卫生健康委重点项目(WJ2023Z007)
版权
Prenatal and postnatal ultrasound findings of congenital cystic neuroblastoma
Received date: 2024-11-08
Online published: 2025-04-18
Copyright
目的
总结先天性囊性神经母细胞瘤的产前及出生后超声声像图特征,提高其产前超声诊断准确性。
方法
回顾性分析2016 年6 月至2021 年12 月在湖北省妇幼保健院产前超声检查发现并经病理证实的5 例囊性神经母细胞瘤病例的产前及出生后的超声声像图特征。
结果
5 例胎儿均为单胎(男性3 例,女性2 例),产前超声于孕30+6 ~37+2 周发现声像图异常。病灶位于左侧肾上腺3 例、位于右侧肾上腺2 例。产前超声明确诊断1 例,未明确诊断3 例,误诊为右侧肾上腺囊肿1 例。出生后复查超声均显示肿物体积增大(产前首次发现肿物最大径为12 ~42 mm,出生后复查肿物最大径为27 ~63 mm)、囊壁厚度增加(产前囊壁最大厚度为1.0 ~4.6 mm,其中2 例囊壁厚度不均;出生后囊壁最大厚度为2.2 ~5.0 mm,其中5 例囊壁厚度不均)、囊腔内回声改变(产前2 例囊腔内透声欠佳、3 例囊腔内透声好;出生后5 例囊腔内透声差、均出现点、絮状高回声)、分隔增多(产前3 例可见分隔回声,出生后5 例均可见分隔回声)、钙化增多(产前未见钙化回声,出生后3 例可见钙化回声)、囊壁血流增多(产前1 例可见少许囊壁血流,出生后4 例可见囊壁血流)。5 例患儿均在新生儿期行手术切除囊性肿物,术后病理提示为神经母细胞瘤,未分化型,低核分裂核碎裂指数,均未行化疗。随访6 ~36 个月,无复发。
结论
囊性神经母细胞瘤好发于肾上腺,在胎儿期产前超声检查时亦可发现。超声能够及时观察并提供高效的产前咨询,为临床早期诊断及治疗提供重要依据。
石珍 , 杨小红 , 赵胜 , 伍玉晗 , 王玉波 , 陈诺 . 先天性囊性神经母细胞瘤的产前及产后超声表现[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025 , 22(01) : 25 -30 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.01.004
Objective
To summarize the prenatal and postnatal sonographic features of congenital cystic neuroblastoma in order to improve the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on five cases of cystic neuroblastoma confirmed by pathology, which were detected by prenatal ultrasound at Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from June 2016 to December 2021.
Results
All the five cases were singleton pregnancies (three males and two females), with gestational weeks at the time of prenatal ultrasound detection ranging from 30+6 to 37+2 weeks.The lesions were located in the left adrenal gland in three cases and the right adrenal gland in two.Prenatal ultrasound made a definitive diagnosis in one case, failed to make a clear diagnosis in three, and misdiagnosed one case as a right adrenal cyst.Postnatal ultrasound follow-up revealed the following characteristic changes: tumor enlargement (maximum diameter increased from 12-42 mm prenatally to 27-63 mm postnatally); increased thickness of the cyst wall (maximum thickness increased from 1.0-4.6 mm prenatally to 2.2-5.0 mm postnatally,with the number of cases with uneven thickness increasing from two to five); changes in cyst cavity echoes (echo penetration deteriorated from two cases to five cases, with all showing punctate and flocculent echoes); increased number of septa (from three cases to five cases); increased calcification (no calcification echoes prenatally, but calcification echoes appeared in three cases postnatally); and increased cyst wall blood flow (blood flow in the cyst wall was visible in one case prenatally, but in four postnatally).All the five patients underwent surgical resection of the cystic mass in the neonatal period without chemotherapy, and postoperative pathology indicated undifferentiated neuroblastoma with low mitotic and karyorrhexis indices.Follow-up after surgery for 6-36 months showed no recurrence.
Conclusion
Cystic neuroblastoma is prone to occur in the adrenal glands and can be detected early by prenatal ultrasound.Ultrasound can provide timely observation and efficient prenatal consultation, and provide an important basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Key words: Prenatal ultrasound; Fetus; Neuroblastoma; Cystic
图1 先天性囊性神经母细胞瘤胎儿产前首次及出生后超声声像图。图a、b 为病例1 超声图像,图a:孕37+2 周胎儿左上腹囊性包块、内可见多条分隔光带(箭头所指),图b:出生后超声复查左肾上腺区包块体积增大,内透声差,分隔光带上可见钙化(箭头所指);图c、d 为病例2 超声图像,图c:孕30+6 周胎儿左上腹无回声,内透声好(箭头所指),图d:出生后超声复查左肾上腺区无回声体积增大,内透声欠佳,多条分隔光带及钙化(箭头所指);图e、f 为病例3 超声图像,图e:孕37+1 周胎儿左上腹囊性包块,内透声欠佳,见分隔光带(箭头所指),图f:出生后超声复查左肾上腺区包块体积增大,囊壁可见少许血流;图g、h 为病例4 超声图像,图g:孕32 周胎儿右上腹无回声(箭头所指),图h:出生后超声复查右肾上腺区无回声体积增大,囊壁可见分隔光带(箭头所指);图i、j 为病例5 超声图像,图i:孕37+1 胎儿右上腹囊性包块囊壁可见少许分隔,囊内透声尚可(箭头所指),图j:出生后超声复查右肾上腺区囊性包块体积增大,内透声差,囊壁分隔增多伴钙化(箭头所指) |
表1 先天性囊性神经母细胞瘤产前和出生后复查超声特征 |
序号 | 孕妇年龄(岁) | 胎儿性别 | 发现孕周 | 检查时间 | 位置 | 大小(mm) | 囊壁最大厚度(mm) | 囊壁厚度 | 内部回声 | 分隔 | 钙化 | 血流信号 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 35 | 男 | 37+2 | 产前 | 左上腹 | 42×40 | 4.0 | 不均 | 无回声及少许高回声,透声可 | 多 | 无 | 囊壁少许 |
出生后 | 左肾上腺区 | 63×42 | 5.0 | 不均 | 无回声及少许高回声,透声差、可见细密光点 | 多 | 有 | 囊壁少许 | ||||
2 | 28 | 女 | 30+6 | 产前 | 左上腹 | 19×17 | 2.2 | 均匀 | 无回声,内透声好 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
出生后 | 左肾上腺区 | 45×42 | 2.2 | 不均 | 无回声,内透声差、可见细密光点 | 多 | 有 | 囊壁少许 | ||||
3 | 27 | 女 | 37+1 | 产前 | 左上腹 | 26×24 | 2.0 | 均匀 | 无回声,内透声欠佳 | 多 | 无 | 无 |
出生后 | 左肾上腺区 | 27×26 | 2.5 | 不均 | 无回声,内透声差、可见絮状回声 | 多 | 无 | 囊壁少许 | ||||
4 | 30 | 男 | 32 | 产前 | 右上腹 | 12×12 | 1.0 | 均匀 | 无回声,内透声好 | 无 | 无 | 无 |
出生后 | 右肾上腺区 | 30×29 | 2.5 | 不均 | 无回声,内透声差、可见絮状回声 | 多 | 无 | 无 | ||||
5 | 32 | 男 | 37+1 | 产前 | 右上腹 | 29×26 | 4.6 | 不均 | 无回声,内透声好 | 少许 | 无 | 无 |
出生后 | 右肾上腺区 | 40×37 | 5.0 | 不均 | 无回声及少许高回声,内透声差、可见细密光点 | 多 | 有 | 囊壁少许 |
1 |
Zvanca M, Andrei C.Prenatal diagnosis of neuroblastoma [J].Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2014,8(3): 321-327.
|
2 |
Hwang SM, Yoo SY, Kim JH, et al.Congenital adrenal neuroblastoma with and without cystic change: differentiating features with an emphasis on the of value of ultrasound [J].Am J RoentgenoL, 2016,207(5): 1105-1111.
|
3 |
Erol O, Suren D, Buyukkinaci Erol M.Prenatal diagnosis of adrenal neuroblastoma: a case report with a brief review of the literatur [J].Case Rep Obstet Gynecol, 2013, 2013: 506490.
|
4 |
Köksal Y, Varan A, Kale G, et al.Bilateral adrenal cystic neuroblastoma with hepatic and splenic involvement in a newborn [J].J Pediat Hematol Onc, 2005, 27(12): 670-671.
|
5 |
Deeg KH, Dachert C, Glöckel U, et al.The different features of congenital neuroblastomas: report about the sonographic diagnosis of three cases [J].Ultraschall Med, 2007, 28(3): 313-320.
|
6 |
Watanabe M, Komuro H, Kaneko M, et al.A rare case of presacral cystic neuroblastoma in an infant [J].J Pediatr Surg, 2008, 43(7):1376-1379.
|
7 |
邵红.神经母细胞瘤的影像学诊断 [J].国外医学·放射医学核医学分册, 2002, 26(4): 148-151.
|
8 |
杨文萍, 钟华生, 邹音, 等.胎儿肾上腺、交感神经节细胞分化与神经母细胞瘤细胞增殖关系 [J].临床与实验病理学杂志, 2005,21(6): 740-742.
|
9 |
肖海艳.韦卫中.胎儿神经母细胞瘤的产前超声诊断 [J].医学影像杂志, 2021, 31(9): 1547-1554.
|
10 |
Eo H, Kim JH, Jang KM, et al.Comparison of clinicoradiological features between congenital cystic neuroblastoma and neonatal adrenal hemorrhagic pseudocyst [J].Korean J Radiol, 2011, 12(1): 52-58.
|
11 |
Athanassiadou F, Kourti M, Papageorgiou T, et al.Prenatally diagnosed cystic neuroblastoma [J].Pediatr Blood Cancer, 2005,44(3): 290-291.
|
12 |
Tanaka S, Tajiri T, Noguchi S, et al.Prenatally diagnosed cystic neuroblastoma: a report of two cases [J].Asian J Surg, 2003, 26(4):225-227.
|
13 |
李红云, 沈立.囊性神经母细胞瘤诊治现状 [J].中华小儿外科杂志,2018, 39(6): 477-480.
|
14 |
Dreyfus M, Neuhart D, Baldauf JJ, et al.Prenatal diagnosis of cystic neuroblastoma [J].Fetal Diagn Ther, 1994, 9(4): 269-272.
|
15 |
Richards ML, Gundersen AE, Williams MS.Cystic neuroblastoma of infancy [J].J Pediatr Surg, 1995, 30(9): 1354-1357.
|
16 |
Chen CP, Chen SH, Chuang CY, et al.Clinical and perinatal sonographic features of congenital adrenal cystic neuroblastoma: a case report with review of the literature [J].Ultrasound Obst Gyn,1997, 10(1): 68-73.
|
17 |
Weber T, Sotelo-Avila C, Gal G.Cystic neuroblastoma in a newborn [J].J Pediatr Surg, 1993, 28(12): 1603-1604.
|
18 |
Gali S, Anat I.Purely cystic adrenal lesion in a newborn evolving into a solid neuroblastoma [J].J Clin Ultrasound [J], 2015, 43(2): 126-128.
|
19 |
秦鸣, 孙潇, 董娟, 等.新生儿肾上腺出血的超声特点 [J].临床超声医学杂志, 2017, 19(12): 858-859.
|
20 |
沈夏赢, 金鑫, 李树锦.血清NSE 尿VMA 水平联合血细胞分析评估神经母细胞瘤患儿预后的价值分析 [J].河北医学, 2023, 29(11):1826-1832.
|
21 |
Kasaee A, Rafizadeh SM, Ghadimi H, et al.A rare case of congenital orbital cystic neuroblastoma in an infant [J].Ocul Oncol Patho, 2019,5(3): 167-170.
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |