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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (09) : 673 -678. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2018.09.007

所属专题: 文献

外周血管超声影像学

超声评估锁骨下动脉支架植入术后残余狭窄的影响因素
李秋萍1, 华扬1,(), 王力力1, 贾凌云1, 雷娜1, 唐煜1   
  1. 1. 100053 北京,首都医科大学宣武医院血管超声诊断科
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-04 出版日期:2018-09-01
  • 通信作者: 华扬

Evaluation of the influencing factors of residual stenosis after subclavian artery stent placement by ultrasonography

Qiuping Li1, Yang Hua1,(), Lili Wang1, Lingyun Jia1, Na Lei1, Yu Tang1   

  1. 1. Department of Vascular Ultrasonagraphy, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
  • Received:2018-07-04 Published:2018-09-01
  • Corresponding author: Yang Hua
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Hua Yang, Emial:
引用本文:

李秋萍, 华扬, 王力力, 贾凌云, 雷娜, 唐煜. 超声评估锁骨下动脉支架植入术后残余狭窄的影响因素[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2018, 15(09): 673-678.

Qiuping Li, Yang Hua, Lili Wang, Lingyun Jia, Na Lei, Yu Tang. Evaluation of the influencing factors of residual stenosis after subclavian artery stent placement by ultrasonography[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2018, 15(09): 673-678.

目的

探讨超声评估锁骨下动脉支架(SAS)植入术后残余狭窄的发生率及其相关影响因素。

方法

回顾性纳入2015年5月至2018年4月于首都医科大学宣武医院行SAS植入术的锁骨下动脉重度狭窄(狭窄率≥70%)或闭塞患者,共201例(204枚支架)。所有患者均于术前和术后1个月内行彩色多普勒血流成像(CDFI)检查。数字减影血管造影(DSA)和CDFI显示SAS后狭窄率≥20%定义为残余狭窄。分析锁骨下动脉狭窄与闭塞病变特征、支架类型与长度等对SAS残余狭窄发生率的影响。

结果

本组204枚支架中有67枚(32.8%)发生SAS≥20%残余狭窄;其中有2枚SAS残余狭窄为≥50%。残余狭窄组与无残余狭窄组患者年龄、性别、动脉硬化危险因素如糖尿病、高血脂、冠心病、吸烟等差异均无统计学意义,但是残余狭窄组高血压患者比例高于无残余狭窄组[68.7%(46/67) vs 48.5%(65/134)],且差异有统计学意义(P=0.007)。残余狭窄组斑块钙化面积≥1/2者所占比例、自膨式支架所占比例、支架原始长度均高于或大于无残余狭窄组[34.3%(23/67) vs 9.5%(13/137),28.4%(19/67) vs 4.4%(6/137),(26.7±7.7)mm vs (23.8±6.3)mm],且差异均有统计学意义(χ2=19.103,P<0.001;χ2=24.059,P<0.001;t=2.601,P=0.011);残余狭窄组术前SA闭塞者所占比例高于无残余狭窄组,但差异无统计学意义;而两组SA病变长度、病变原始内径、支架原始内径差异无统计学意义。经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,斑块钙化程度、支架类型(OR=7.205,95%CI:3.175~16.348,P=0.000;OR=8.591,95%CI:2.825~26.131,P=0.000)均是SAS术后残余狭窄的独立危险因素。

结论

超声能够准确评价SAS的效果,及时发现残余狭窄,术前斑块钙化面积和支架类型是影响SAS术后残余狭窄的主要因素。

Objective

To investigate the incidence of residual stenosis and its influencing factors after subclavian artery stent placement using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).

Methods

A total of 201 consecutive patients (204 stents) with severe subclavian artery stenosis (≥70%) or occlusion who underwent subclavian artery stent (SAS) in our hospital from May 2015 to April 2018 were enrolled. All patients were examined by CDFI within one month before and after surgery. According to the results of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and CDFI detected, the stenosis≥20% after the SAS is defined as in-stent residual stenosis (ISRS). All of 204 stents were divided into ISRS group (67, 32.8%) and non ISRS group (137, 67.2%). The characteristics of SA, type and length of stent were analyzed and compared.

Results

The both groups had no significant differences in age, gender, atherosclerosis risk factors such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary heart disease, smoking, etc. (P>0.05), but the proportion of hypertension in the ISRS group was higher relatively (68.7% and 48.5%, P=0.007). The area of intra-plaque calcification ≥1/2 was also much more larger than that in non-ISRS group (34.3% vs 9.5%) (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between the length of stenosis and the original diameter of the lesion (P>0.05). The type of stent in ISRS group was mainly self-expanding stent (P=0.000), and the original length of stent was longer than that in non-ISRS group (P=0.011), while the original inner diameter of the stent was no significant difference between the two groups (P=0.454). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the degree of the plaque calcification (OR=7.205, 95%CI: 3.175-16.348, P=0.000), and stent type (OR=8.591, 95%CI: 2.825-26.131, P=0.000) were independent risk factors for residual stenosis after SAS.

Conclusions

Ultrasound can accurately evaluate the effect of subclavian artery stent placement, detect residual stenosis in time. Preoperative calcification area and stent type are the main factors affecting residual stenosis.

表1 SAS植入术后残余狭窄组与无残余狭窄组患者一般临床资料比较
图6 术后数字减影血管造影示右侧锁骨下动脉内置入球扩支架9-18,存在残余狭窄
表2 SAS植入术后残余狭窄组与无残余狭窄组支架内径及血流动力学参数比较(±s
表3 SAS植入术后残余狭窄组与无残余狭窄组残余狭窄影响因素比较
表4 SAS植入术后残余狭窄影响因素的多因素Logistic回归分析结果
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