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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (10) : 756 -761. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2019.10.008

所属专题: 文献

外周血管超声影像学

椎动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的发生率及血流动力学评价
李景植1, 华扬1,(), 刘然1, 田晓洁2, 焦力群3, 贾凌云1   
  1. 1. 100053 北京,首都医科大学宣武医院血管超声诊断科
    3. 100053 北京,首都医科大学宣武医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-11 出版日期:2019-10-01
  • 通信作者: 华扬
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81070924); 北京市医院管理局青年人才培养"青苗"计划(QML20150803)

Incidence of in-stent restenosis and hemodynamics after vertebral artery stenting

Jingzhi Li1, Yang Hua1,(), Ran Liu1, Xiaojie Tian2, Liqun Jiao3, Lingyun Jia1   

  1. 1. Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
    2. Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
  • Received:2019-07-11 Published:2019-10-01
  • Corresponding author: Yang Hua
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Yang Hua, Email:
引用本文:

李景植, 华扬, 刘然, 田晓洁, 焦力群, 贾凌云. 椎动脉支架置入术后再狭窄的发生率及血流动力学评价[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2019, 16(10): 756-761.

Jingzhi Li, Yang Hua, Ran Liu, Xiaojie Tian, Liqun Jiao, Lingyun Jia. Incidence of in-stent restenosis and hemodynamics after vertebral artery stenting[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2019, 16(10): 756-761.

目的

通过彩色多普勒超声(CDUS)对椎动脉支架置入术后患者进行定期随访,分析椎动脉起始段狭窄(VAOS)患者支架治疗前后以及支架内再狭窄(ISR)发生时的血流动力学变化,并探讨ISR的发生特点。

方法

回顾性队列研究连续纳入2013年1月至2014年12月于首都医科大学宣武医院因VAOS行支架置入术治疗的患者420例。采用CDUS对患者进行随访检查(大致于术后1周内、3、6、12及24个月)并记录血流动力学参数。分析支架术前、术后及ISR发生时的血流动力学参数以及术后2年内不同随访时间段的ISR发生率。

结果

CDUS检查结果显示,所有支架置入术患者椎动脉起始段收缩期峰值流速(PSVos)由术前(307±103) cm/s降低为术后1周内的(109±31) cm/s(P<0.01),舒张末期流速(EDVos)由术前(97±44)cm/s降低为术后1周内的(31±8)cm/s(P<0.01)。本研究中,共330例患者进行了中位时间为12(4,15)个月的随访,共有120例(120/330,36.4%)发生ISR,其中102例(102/120,85.0%)发生于支架术后1年内。发生ISR时,椎动脉的内径由术后1周内的(2.9±0.5)mm减小为(1.6±0.6)mm(P<0.01),PSVos由(110±26)cm/s升高为(224±79)cm/s(P<0.01),EDVos由(31±8)cm/s升高为(68±29)cm/s(P<0.01),其远端椎间隙段收缩期峰值流速(PSVis)较术后1周内相对减低[(65±22)cm/s vs (70±19)cm/s,t=2.7,P<0.01]。

结论

VAOS支架置入术后ISR发生率较高,且术后1年内是ISR的高发时期。CDUS作为一种简便且无创的影像学检查方法,可以有效评价支架置入术前、术后及ISR发生时的血流动力学变化特征,并广泛应用于VAOS支架置入术的治疗评估和远期随访。

Objective

To analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of vertebral artery ostium stenosis (VAOS) stenting during the periprocedural period and the incidence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) by color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS).

Methods

A total of 420 patients who underwent VAOS stenting at neurosurgery department, vascularsurgery department, and interventional therapy department, Xuanwu Hospital from January 2013 to December 2014 were enrolled consecutively into the present retrospective cohort study. CDUS was used to conduct regular follow-ups for the patients. T-tests were used to analyze the difference of hemodynamic parameters and survival analysis was applied to calculate the cumulative incidence of restenosis at different time points within 2 years after stenting.

Results

The preoperative peak systolic velocity in ostium segment (PSVos) was (307±103) cm/s, which significantly decreased to (109±31) cm/s after the procedure (P <0.01). The end diastolic velocity in ostium segment (EDVos) decreased from (97±44) cm/s before surgery to (31±8) cm/s after the procedure (P<0.01). A total of 330 patients underwent a median period of 12(4,15) months of follow-up (range: 2-24). ISR occurred in a total of 120 (36.4%) patients, of whom 102 developed ISR within 1 year after stenting. When ISR occurred, the diameter of the vertebral artery decreased from (2.9±0.5) mm to (1.6±0.6) mm (P<0.01), the PSVos increased from (110±26) cm/s to (224±79) cm/s (P<0.01), and the EDVos increased from (31±8) cm/s to (68±29) cm/s (P<0.01). The velocity of distal intervertebral PSVis was decreased as well [(65±22) cm/s vs (70±19) cm/s, P<0.01].

Conclusion

VAOS stenting is associated with a relatively high incidence of ISR, most of which occur 1 year after VAOS stenting. CDUS, as an effective and non-invasive imaging modality, could evaluate the periprocedural hemodynamic characteristic and should be widely used in the therapeutic and follow-up evaluations after VAOS stenting.

表1 VAOS支架置入术后1周内血管内径及血流动力学参数与术前测值比较(cm/s,±s
图1 椎动脉支架置入术前及术后超声图像。图a为支架置入术前血管超声检查显示右侧椎动脉狭窄(箭头所示);图b为支架置入术后1周内彩色多普勒显像示血流充盈明显改善;图c为支架置入术前频谱多普勒显示狭窄段峰值血流速度较正常值明显升高,收缩期峰值流速为247 cm/s,舒张末期流速为75 cm/s;图d为支架置入术后1周内频谱多普勒显示椎动脉血流速度较术前明显改善,收缩期峰值流速为123 cm/s,舒张末期流速为44 cm/s
表2 VAOS支架置入术后再狭窄患者血管内径及血流动力学参数与术后1周内测值比较(cm/s,±s
表3 不同狭窄程度的2组ISR患者血管内径及血流动力学参数与术前测值比较(cm/s,±s
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