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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (05) : 487 -494. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2021.05.009

所属专题: 文献

腹部超声影像学

超声造影对经导管肝动脉栓塞化疗术治疗肝细胞癌患者效果的评价
韩鹏1, 费翔1,(), 姜波1, 贺崇1, 罗渝昆1, 王志军2   
  1. 1. 100853 北京,解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科
    2. 100853 北京,解放军总医院第一医学中心介入放射科
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-28 出版日期:2021-05-01
  • 通信作者: 费翔

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for evaluation of efficacy of transcatheter hepatic artery embolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Peng Han1, Xiang Fei1(), Bo Jiang1, Chong He1, Yukun Luo1, Zhijun Wang2   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
    2. Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
  • Received:2019-10-28 Published:2021-05-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiang Fei
引用本文:

韩鹏, 费翔, 姜波, 贺崇, 罗渝昆, 王志军. 超声造影对经导管肝动脉栓塞化疗术治疗肝细胞癌患者效果的评价[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2021, 18(05): 487-494.

Peng Han, Xiang Fei, Bo Jiang, Chong He, Yukun Luo, Zhijun Wang. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for evaluation of efficacy of transcatheter hepatic artery embolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2021, 18(05): 487-494.

目的

探讨采用经肝动脉超声造影评价经导管肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)术后即刻栓塞效果,并预测肿瘤短期疗效。

方法

选取 2018 年 9 月至 2019 年 3 月在解放军总医院第一医学中心因肝肿瘤行 TACE 治疗的肝细胞癌患者 39 例,共 50 个肝细胞癌病灶术前及术后即刻行经肝动脉超声造影,依据术后与术前肿瘤内部增强最大面积占比及术后与术前引流区最大包围范围占比进行分组,采用Spearman相关分析将上述分组分别与TACE术后1~3个月内的 MRI 结果进行相关性分析。

结果

术后即刻瘤内增强占比及术后引流区包围范围占比评价栓塞效果与实体瘤治疗疗效评价标准的修订标准(mRECIST)判断短期疗效结果均有相关性,其中术后引流区包围范围占比相关性更高(r=0.516,P<0.001,r=0.716,P<0.001)。

结论

经肝动脉超声造影评估 TACE 术后即刻栓塞效果与mRECIST短期疗效评估标准具有较高的相关性,可为预测肿瘤术后短期疗效提供良好的影像学参考。

Objective

To investigate the feasibility of evaluating the effect of embolization by transhepatic arterial contrast-enhanced ultrasonography immediately after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) to predict the short-term curative effect for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

A total of 50 HCC lesions in 39 patients treated by TACE underwent transhepatic artery contrast-enhanced ultrasonography before and immediately after operation at the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from September 2018 to March 2019. According to the maximum area ratio of internal enhancement of the tumor after surgery and before surgery and the maximum covering ratio of drainage area before and after surgery, Spearman correlation analysis was used to compare MRI results within 1 to 3 months after TACE between groups.

Results

The effect of embolization evaluated by immediate postoperative tumor enhancement ratio and postoperative covering ratio of drainage area was related to the short-term curative effect judged by modified response evalution criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST), and the postoperative covering ratio of drainage area had a more significant correlation (r=0.516, P<0.001 and r=0.716, P<0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

The evaluation of embolization effect immediately after TACE by transhepatic artery contrast-enhanced ultrasonography has a high correlation with the short-term curative effect evaluated by mRECIST, which can provide a good imaging reference value for predicting the short-term curative effect after tumor operation.

图1 肝动脉栓塞化疗术后即刻经肝动脉超声造影判断疗效分组示意图
表1 术后即刻肿瘤内部增强分组患者一般情况组间比较分析
参数 1 级(17 例) 2 级(17 例) 3 级(12 例) 4 级(4 例) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
x¯
±s
59.18±12.25 60.00±12.90 60.17±8.36 52.75±6.18 F=0.486 0.694
大小(mm,
x¯
±s
3.03±1.95 4.56±2.95 3.65±2.54 3.42±1.66 F=1.122 0.350
性别[例(%)] χ2=8.713 0.033

女性

1(5.88) 1(5.88) 5(41.67) 1(25.00)

男性

16(94.12) 16(94.12) 7(58.33) 3(75.00)
肝炎[例(%)] χ2=7.560 0.579

无肝炎

0(0.00) 1(5.88) 2(16.67) 0(0.00)

乙型肝炎

15(88.24) 16(94.12) 10(83.33) 4(100.00)

丙型肝炎

1(5.88) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

乙型肝炎+丙型肝炎

1(5.88) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)
位置[例(%)] χ2=16.971 0.525

S1

0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

S2

0(0.00) 1(5.88) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

S3

1(5.88) 2(11.76) 3(25.00) 1(25.00)

S4

0(0.00) 1(5.88) 1(8.33) 0(0.00)

S5

2(11.76) 8(47.06) 3(25.00) 2(50.00)

S6

5(29.41) 2(11.76) 2(16.67) 0(0.00)

S7

5(29.41) 1(5.88) 2(16.67) 1(25.00)

S8

4(23.53) 2(11.76) 1(8.33) 0(0.00)
回声[例(%)] χ2=11.606 0.071

5(29.41) 7(41.18) 8(66.67) 4(100.00)

4(23.53) 2(11.76) 3(25.00) 0(0.00)

8(47.06) 8(47.06) 1(8.33) 0(0.00)
血流信号[例(%)] χ2=3.134 0.371

10(58.82) 6(35.29) 4(33.33) 1(25.00)

7(41.18) 11(64.71) 8(66.67) 3(75.00)
表2 术后即刻引流区增强分组患者一般情况组间比较分析
参数 1 级(23 例) 2 级(11 例) 3 级(12 例) 4 级(4 例) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
x¯
±s
61.26±10.69 58.55±15.07 58.75±8.31 50.25±7.41 F=1.142 0.342
大小(mm,
x¯
±s
3.17±2.18 4.64±3.46 4.23±2.02 2.95±1.78 F=1.196 0.322
性别[例(%)] χ2=5.573 0.134

女性

4(17.39) 0(0.00) 4(33.33) 0(0.00)

男性

19(82.61) 11(100.00) 8(66.67) 4(100.00)
肝炎[例(%)] χ2=6.932 0.644

无肝炎

0(0.00) 2(18.18) 1(8.33) 0(0.00)

乙型肝炎

21(91.30) 9(81.82) 11(91.67) 4(100.00)

丙型肝炎

1(4.35) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

乙型肝炎+丙型肝炎

1(4.35) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)
位置[例(%)] χ2=25.653 0.108

S1

0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

S2

0(0.00) 1(9.09) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

S3

4(17.39) 0(0.00) 2(16.67) 1(25.00)

S4

1(4.35) 1(9.09) 0(0.00) 0(0.00)

S5

4(17.39) 6(54.55) 3(25.00) 2(50.00)

S6

7(30.43) 0(0.00) 2(16.67) 0(0.00)

S7

4(17.39) 0(0.00) 5(41.67) 0(0.00)

S8

3(13.04) 3(27.27) 0(0.00) 1(25.00)
回声[例(%)] χ2=2.309 0.889

11(47.83) 4(36.36) 6(50.00) 3(75.00)

4(17.39) 3(27.27) 2(16.67) 0(0.00)

8(34.78) 4(36.36) 4(33.33) 1(25.00)
血流信号[例(%)] χ2=5.681 0.128

13(56.52) 5(45.45) 2(16.67) 1(25.00)

10(43.48) 6(54.55) 10(83.33) 3(75.00)
表3 一般情况组间分析(术后1~3个月根据MRI结果分组患者)
参数 完全缓解(22 例) 部分缓解(13 例) 疾病稳定(10 例) 疾病进展(5 例) 统计值 P
年龄(岁,
x¯
±s
60.59±11.25 55.92±14.06 62.80±7.54 54.20±6.26 F=1.175 0.330
大小(mm,
x¯
±s
2.45±1.16 5.23±3.49 4.72±2.16 3.48±1.44 F=2.144 0.104
性别[例(%)] χ2=1.736 0.629

女性

5(22.73%) 1(7.69%) 1(10.00%) 1(20.00%)

男性

17(77.27%) 12(92.31%) 9(90.00%) 4(80.00%)
肝炎[例(%)] χ2=7.671 0.568

无肝炎

0(0.00%) 1(7.69%) 2(20.00%) 0(0.00%)

乙型肝炎

20(90.91%) 12(92.31%) 8(80.00%) 5(100.00%)

丙型肝炎

1(4.55%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)

乙型肝炎+丙型肝炎

1(4.55%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)
位置[例(%)] χ2=25.002 0.125

S1

0(0.00%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)

S2

0(0.00%) 1(7.69%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)

S3

5(22.73%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%) 2(40.00%)

S4

0(0.00%) 2(15.38%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)

S5

5(22.73%) 3(23.08%) 5(50.00%) 2(40.00%)

S6

5(22.73%) 2(15.38%) 2(20.00%) 0(0.00%)

S7

4(18.18%) 1(7.69%) 3(30.00%) 1(20.00%)

S8

3(13.64%) 4(30.77%) 0(0.00%) 0(0.00%)
回声[例(%)] χ2=4.846 0.564

10(45.45%) 4(30.77%) 6(60.00%) 4(80.00%)

5(22.73%) 3(23.08%) 1(10.00%) 0(0.00%)

7(31.82%) 6(46.15%) 3(30.00%) 1(20.00%)
血流信号[例(%)] χ2=6.917 0.075

13(59.09%) 5(38.46%) 1(10.00%) 2(40.00%)

9(40.91%) 8(61.54%) 9(90.00%) 3(60.00%)
图2 术后 MRI 评价为完全缓解结节的经肝动脉超声造影表现。图a 肝内可见低回声结节;图b 术前经肝动脉超声造影可见引流区显示(箭头所示);图c为术后即刻常规超声;图d,e术后即刻超声造影显示引流区消失(Δ 处);图 f 术后即刻超声造影分组为 1 级,术后MRI 评价为完全缓解
图3 术后 MRI 评价为疾病稳定结节的经肝动脉超声造影表现。图 a 示肝内低回声结节;图 b 示术前经肝动脉超声造影可见引流区显示(箭头所示);图 c 为术前 MRI 表现;图 d 为术后即刻灰阶超声显示病灶周围可见高回声碘油沉积,术后即刻超声造影显示引流区仍存在,且范围>50%(图 e 箭头处)根据引流区分组为 3 级。结合术前(图c)及术后 MRI(图f),疗效评价为疾病稳定
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