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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (07) : 745 -748. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2024.07.018

综述

产前超声在评估胎儿肺成熟度中的应用研究进展
秦芩1, 白丽杉2, 周君霞1, 何婷婷3, 严富天1,()   
  1. 1. 628000 四川广元,广元市中心医院妇儿超声科
    2. 628000 四川广元,广元市中心医院新生儿科
    3. 628000 四川广元,广元市中心医院儿童保健科
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2024-07-01
  • 通信作者: 严富天

Progress in application of prenatal ultrasound in evaluating fetal lung maturity

Qin Qin, Lishan Bai, Junxia Zhou   

  • Received:2024-01-25 Published:2024-07-01
引用本文:

秦芩, 白丽杉, 周君霞, 何婷婷, 严富天. 产前超声在评估胎儿肺成熟度中的应用研究进展[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2024, 21(07): 745-748.

Qin Qin, Lishan Bai, Junxia Zhou. Progress in application of prenatal ultrasound in evaluating fetal lung maturity[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2024, 21(07): 745-748.

肺发育不成熟在早产儿和新生儿中普遍存在,因此早期准确评估和及时处理对改善其预后及降低围产儿死亡风险至关重要。评估胎儿肺成熟度(fetal lung maturity,FLM)有助于为妊娠合并症和高龄孕妇选择适宜分娩时机,有效降低新生儿呼吸系统疾病发病率[1]。既往临床通过羊膜腔穿刺测量羊水中卵磷脂/鞘磷脂比率(lecithin/sphingomyeli,L/S)和磷脂酰甘油(phosphatidylglycerol,PG)表面磷脂活性的方法作为评估FLM的金标准,其敏感度为54%~89%,特异度为74%~89%。但此方法具有侵入性,有并发胎膜早破、早产、胎盘早剥等风险[2],因此羊膜腔穿刺测量羊水评估FLM的方法临床效用有限。近年美国妇产科医师协会(American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists,ACOG)发布的最新指南建议<39周单胎孕妇行选择性分娩时应确认FLM,摒弃行羊膜腔穿刺评估FLM的方法[3]。产前超声检查方法具有无辐射、操作便捷、价格低廉、受检者易接受等优势,在无创评估FLM的临床应用方面发展迅速。本文就产前超声在FLM方面的研究及应用进行综述。

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