目的

初步探讨肺部超声（LUS）在儿童支原体肺炎（MPP）肺部病变影像学评估方面的临床应用价值。

方法

回顾性纳入2023 年7 月至2023 年12 月在空军军医大学唐都医院儿科住院并接受LUS 检查的MPP 患儿共500 例（男270 例，女230 例）。基于肺部12 分区法，分析LUS 相关发现、图像特点，计算LUS 评分，并分析其与患者临床资料的相关性。

结果

500 例MPP患儿的平均年龄为（6.86±2.64）岁，临床分型情况：轻症243 例（48.6%，243/500）、重症221 例（44.2%，221/500）、危重症36 例（7.2%，36/500）。在所有患儿中，共有494 例（98.8%）LUS 检查发现有阳性征象，主要表现为：不同程度的肺泡-间质综合征（25.6%，128/500）、肺实变（14.0%，837/6000）、胸膜线异常（25.7%，1540/6000）及胸腔积液（3.5%，35/1000）等。MPP 患儿肺部病变主要集中在双肺5、6 区（背部），LUS 评分为6（4，9）分，评分随患者的临床分型加重而升高，轻症、重症、危重症3 组间LUS 评分差异有统计学意义（P＜0.0001）。Spearman 相关分析显示，LUS评分、实变肺组织最大长径均与MPP 患儿的病情严重程度存在中等强度的显著相关性（r_s 分别为0.5000、0.5880，P 均＜0.0001）。

结论

LUS 有助于检测MPP 患者的肺泡-间质综合征、肺实变、胸膜线异常、胸腔积液等肺部病变，通过LUS 评分和实变肺组织最大长径可反映疾病的严重程度。LUS 有望为MPP 肺病变的无创评估提供一种安全、简便的影像学方法。

Objective

To preliminarily explore the clinicial application value of lung ultrasonography(LUS) in the imaging evaluation of pulmonary lesions in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).

Methods

A total of 500 MPP children (270 males and 230 females) who were hospitalized in the Pediatrics Department of Tangdu Hospital between July 2023 and December 2023 and underwent LUS examination were retrospectively included.The relevant clinical data and ultrasound image data of the patients were analysed.

Results

The mean age of the 500 patients was (6.86±2.64 ) years, including 243 patients with mild MPP (48.6%,243/500), 221 with severe MPP (44.2%, 221/500), and 36 with critical MPP (7.2%, 36/500).Four hundred and ninety-four patients (98.8%) presented with positive signs of LUS, including alveolar-interstitial syndrome (25.6%,128/500), pulmonary consolidation (14.0%, 837/6000), pleural line changes (25.7%, 1540/6000), and pleural effusion (3.5%, 35/1000).Lung lesions of children with MPP were mainly concentrated in lung segments 5 and 6 (back).The LUS score of the patients was 6 (4, 9) and the score was significantly different among the patients with different severities of MPP ( P＜0.0001).Spearman correlation analysis shows that there was a significant moderate correlation between the severity of MPP and the LUS score (r_s=0.5000, P＜0.0001) and the maximum length of consolidated lung tissue (r_s=0.5880, P＜0.0001) in patients with MPP.

Conclusion

LUS may help to detect lesions such as alveolar-interstitial syndrome, pulmonary consolidation, and pleural effusion in patients with MPP, and the severity of the disease can be reflected by the LUS score and the maximum length of consolidated lung tissue.LUS is expected to provide a safe and simple imaging method for the clinical noninvasive assessment of lung injury in MPP.