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中华医学超声杂志（电子版）

中华医学超声杂志（电子版） ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (10) : 909 -916. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.10.003

专家共识

胎儿颅脑超声产前筛查与诊断常用标准切面及技术要求专家共识
中华预防医学会出生缺陷预防与控制专业委员会产前超声诊断学组   
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-20 出版日期:2025-10-01
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFF0606301)

Expert consensus on standard scan planes and technical requirements for prenatal fetal cranial ultrasound screening and diagnosis

Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis Group, Committee of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association   

  • Received:2025-05-20 Published:2025-10-01
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中华预防医学会出生缺陷预防与控制专业委员会产前超声诊断学组. 胎儿颅脑超声产前筛查与诊断常用标准切面及技术要求专家共识[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志（电子版）, 2025, 22(10): 909-916.

Prenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis Group, Committee of Birth Defects Prevention and Control, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association. Expert consensus on standard scan planes and technical requirements for prenatal fetal cranial ultrasound screening and diagnosis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(10): 909-916.

表1 胎儿颅脑超声产前筛查与诊断常用标准切面
切面类型 切面名称
妊娠早期
胎儿颅脑超声产前筛查标准切面（必须留存） 经侧脑室横切面
胎儿颅脑超声产前诊断标准切面（可选择） ①经小脑横切面；②经中脑导水管横切面
妊娠中晚期
胎儿颅脑超声产前筛查标准切面（必须留存） ①经侧脑室横切面；②经丘脑横切面；③经小脑横切面
胎儿颅脑超声产前诊断标准切面（可选择） ①经颅顶部横切面；②经胼胝体膝部和压部横切面；③颅脑正中矢状切面；④颅脑旁矢状切面；⑤经额叶冠状切面；⑥经侧脑室前角冠状切面；⑦经侧脑室体部冠状切面；⑧经小脑冠状切面
图1 妊娠早期经侧脑室横切面超声图像。图a为妊娠12+4周胎儿经前额侧脑室横切面声像图；图b为妊娠13+3周胎儿经颞部侧脑室横切面声像图 注：CP为脉络丛；CF为大脑镰
图2 妊娠12+4周胎儿经小脑横切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；CP为脉络丛；T为丘脑；M为中脑；CV为小脑蚓部；CH为小脑半球；CM为小脑延髓池；OB为枕骨
图3 妊娠13+3周胎儿经中脑导水管横切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；CP为脉络丛；T为丘脑；AM为中脑导水管；M为中脑；OB为枕骨
图4 妊娠22周胎儿经侧脑室横切面超声图像（白色虚线为侧脑室宽度测量） 注：CC为胼胝体膝部；CSP为透明隔腔；CF为大脑镰；AH为侧脑室前角；SF为外侧裂；CP为脉络丛；PH为侧脑室后角；T为丘脑；SK为颅骨
图5 妊娠22周胎儿经丘脑横切面超声图像（图中直线虚线1为双顶径测量，虚线2为头围测量） 注：CC为胼胝体膝部；CSP为透明隔腔；CF为大脑镰；AH为侧脑室前角；SF为外侧裂；CP为脉络丛；PH为侧脑室后角；T为丘脑；3VT为第三脑室；CeP为大脑脚；SK为颅骨
图6 妊娠22周胎儿经小脑横切面超声图像（图中虚线1为小脑横径测量，虚线2为小脑延髓池宽度测量） 注：CC为胼胝体膝部；CSP为透明隔腔；CF为大脑镰；AH为侧脑室前角；SF为外侧裂；T为丘脑；CeP为大脑脚；CH为小脑半球；CV为小脑蚓部；CM为小脑延髓池；SK为颅骨；IH为侧脑室下角
图7 妊娠32周胎儿经颅顶部横切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；POS为顶枕沟；PrS为中央前沟；CS为中央沟；PcS为中央后沟；IPS为顶内沟
图8 妊娠24周胎儿经胼胝体膝部和压部横切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；SP为透明隔；CSP为透明隔腔；CV为韦氏腔；POS为顶枕沟；GCC为胼胝体膝部；SCC为胼胝体压部；BLV为侧脑室体部；CP为脉络丛
图9 妊娠31周胎儿颅脑正中矢状切面超声图像及各结构测量方法。图a为颅脑正中矢状切面声像图；图b为颅脑正中矢状切面胼胝体长度及膝部、体部、压部厚度测量方法模式图；图c为图a的局部放大图，颅脑正中矢状切面脑干小脑蚓部角和脑干小脑幕角测量声像图；图d为颅脑正中矢状切面小脑蚓部面积、周长、前后径、顶尾径的测量方法 注：CC为胼胝体；CSP为透明隔腔；4VT为第四脑室；CM为小脑延髓池；CV为小脑蚓部；CaS为距状沟；POS为顶枕沟；3VT为第三脑室；L-L1为胼胝体长度测量；g-g1为胼胝体膝部厚度测量；b-b1为胼胝体体部厚度测量；s-s1为胼胝体压部厚度测量；∠1为脑干小脑蚓部角；∠2为脑干小脑幕角；游标1示小脑蚓部周长和面积，游标2示前后径，游标3示顶尾径
图10 妊娠25周胎儿颅脑旁矢状切面超声图像 注：AH为侧脑室前角；BLV为侧脑室体部；ALV为侧脑室三角区；IH为侧脑室下角；PH为侧脑室后角；T为丘脑；CP为脉络丛
图11 妊娠26周胎儿经额叶冠状切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；FL为额叶；OB为眼眶
图12 妊娠32周胎儿经侧脑室前角冠状切面超声图像 注：CC为胼胝体；AH为侧脑室前角；CN为尾状核；SF为外侧裂；LN为豆状核；CF为大脑镰；CSP为透明隔腔；SP为透明隔
图13 妊娠32周胎儿经侧脑室体部冠状切面超声图像 注：CC为胼胝体；CF为大脑镰；BLV为侧脑室体部；CSP为透明隔腔；SP为透明隔；CN为尾状核；SF为外侧裂；T为丘脑；3VT为第三脑室；IPC为脚间池；CeP为大脑脚；BS为脑干
图14 妊娠27周胎儿经小脑冠状切面超声图像 注：CF为大脑镰；CC为胼胝体；BLV为侧脑室体部；SP为透明隔；CSP为透明隔腔；CN为尾状核；CH为小脑半球；CV为小脑蚓部；CM为小脑延髓池；SF为外侧裂；T为丘脑；CeP为大脑脚
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