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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (12) : 1106 -1114. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.12.002

心血管超声影像学

瑞加诺生与腺苷负荷超声在阻塞性冠心病诊断中血流动力学特征及诊断效能
朱晓丽1, 杨倩利1, 张露1, 赵乐1, 赵欣2, 赵颖2, 窦水秀2, 张雪梅2,()   
  1. 1 712000 陕西咸阳,陕西中医药大学第二附属医院超声科
    2 710068 陕西西安,陕西省人民医院超声诊断中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-04 出版日期:2025-12-01
  • 通信作者: 张雪梅
  • 基金资助:
    咸阳市科技局重点研发计划(L2024-ZDYF-ZDYF-SF-0030); 秦创原中医药产业创新聚集区项目(L2024-QCY-ZYYJJQ-265); 陕西省自然科学基础研究计划-一般项目-青年项目(C类)(2025JC-YBQN-1278); 陕西省人民医院拔尖科技人才支持计划项目(2023BJ-01)

Hemodynamic response and diagnostic performance of regadenoson versus adenosine stress echocardiography in obstructive coronary artery disease

Xiaoli Zhu1, Qianli Yang1, Lu Zhang1, Le Zhao1, Xin Zhao2, Ying Zhao2, Shuixiu Dou2, Xuemei Zhang2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712000, China
    2 Ultrasonic Diagnostic Center, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
  • Received:2025-09-04 Published:2025-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Xuemei Zhang
引用本文:

朱晓丽, 杨倩利, 张露, 赵乐, 赵欣, 赵颖, 窦水秀, 张雪梅. 瑞加诺生与腺苷负荷超声在阻塞性冠心病诊断中血流动力学特征及诊断效能[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(12): 1106-1114.

Xiaoli Zhu, Qianli Yang, Lu Zhang, Le Zhao, Xin Zhao, Ying Zhao, Shuixiu Dou, Xuemei Zhang. Hemodynamic response and diagnostic performance of regadenoson versus adenosine stress echocardiography in obstructive coronary artery disease[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(12): 1106-1114.

目的

探讨瑞加诺生负荷超声(RSE)与腺苷负荷超声(ASE)诊断阻塞性冠心病(OCAD)的血流动力学特征、不良反应发生率及效能差异。

方法

纳入2023年12月至2024年4月陕西省人民医院54例拟行冠状动脉造影(CAG)的OCAD患者,采用两阶段随机交叉设计行RSE和ASE(洗脱期≥24 h)检查。采用差异性分析(Wilcoxon符号秩检验、配对样本t检验和 χ2检验)比较患者达峰时间、心率、收缩压、舒张压等指标及不良反应发生率的差异;以CAG结果为金标准(任一主要血管狭窄≥50%),采用四格表及受试者操作特征曲线下面积(AUC)评估2种检查方法对OCAD的整体诊断效能,并对左前降支(LAD)≥50%定义诊断阳性进行诊断效能分析,通过Delong检验比较AUC的差异。

结果

RSE达峰时间短于ASE[50.00(46.47,54.79)s vs 90.00(88.59,108.67)s],差异具有统计学意义(Z=-6.179,P<0.001);RSE诱发的心率增幅更大[32.20(25.75,39.25)次/min vs 23.00(18.75,29.25)次/min],Δ舒张压的降低更温和[(24.93±10.55)mmHg vs(20.63±9.61)mmHg],差异具有统计学意义(Z=-5.041,P<0.001;t=2.724,P=0.009)。RSE检查的不良反应发生率低于ASE(33.33% vs 64.81%,χ2=10.71,P<0.001)。2种检查方法诊断OCAD的敏感度、特异度、准确性及AUC的差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。

结论

相较于ASE,RSE具有达峰时间短、心率增幅大、血压波动小、不良反应发生率低的优势;2种负荷方式对OCAD的诊断效能相当。

Objective

To compare hemodynamic responses, incidence of adverse reactions, and diagnostic performance of regadenoson (RSE) versus adenosine stress echocardiography (ASE) in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD).

Methods

A total of 54 patients scheduled for coronary angiography (CAG) for suspected OCAD at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (December 2023-April 2024) were enrolled in a two-stage randomized crossover trial (≥24 h washout). All participants underwent both RSE and ASE. Time to peak effect, heart rate (HR), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), and adverse reactions were compared. Coronary angiography (stenosis≥50% in any major epicardial vessel defined as positive) served as the gold standard. Diagnostic performance for overall OCAD was evaluated using contingency tables and area under the ROC curve (AUC), with subgroup analysis performed for patients with left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesions. AUC values were compared by the DeLong test. Other comparisons were performed using paired t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, or chi-square tests as appropriate.

Results

Time to peak effect was shorter with RSE than with ASE [50.00 (46.47, 54.79) s vs 90.00 (88.59, 108.67) s, Z=-6.179, P<0.001]. RSE induced a greater ΔHR increase [32.20 (25.75, 39.25) beats/min vs 23.00 (18.75, 29.25) beats/min, Z=-5.041, P<0.001] and a more moderate ΔDBP decrease [(24.93±10.55) mmHg vs (20.63±9.61) mmHg, t=2.724, P=0.009]. The rate of adverse reactions was lower with RSE (33.33% vs 64.81%, χ2=10.71, P<0.001). Sensitivity, accuracy, specificity, or AUC for OCAD diagnosis showed no significant differences in overall or LAD subgroup analysis (all P>0.05).

Conclusion

Compared to ASE, RSE offers advantages including a shorter time to peak, a more pronounced heart rate response, milder blood pressure fluctuations, and a lower incidence of adverse reactions.

图1 冠状动脉左前降支中远段彩色多普勒与频谱多普勒测量示意图。图a为心尖三腔心切面彩色多普勒显示前室间隔内的血管结构为左前降支中远段(箭头所示);图b为静息期左前降支血流频谱;图c为负荷达峰期左前降支血流频谱
图2 阻塞性冠心病患者腺苷负荷超声心动图(ASE)与瑞加诺生负荷超声心动图(RSE)检查血流动力学参数变化趋势图。图a为2种检查方式下心率变化趋势,图b为2种检查方式下血压变化趋势,图c为2种检查方式下LAD-CFV变化趋势 注:Adenosine为腺苷,Regadenoson为瑞加诺生,rest为静息期,recovery为恢复期,HR为心率,SBP为收缩压,DBP为舒张压,LAD-CFV为左前降支舒张期血流速度峰值,peak 1、peak 2、peak 3对应药物负荷后0~2 min、2~4 min、4~6 min时间段
表1 阻塞性冠心病患者ASE与RSE检查血流动力学参数比较
参数 ASE RSE 统计值 P
静息期
LVEF[%,MQ1Q3)] 60.75(56.82,66.03) 61.70(57.98,65.12) Z=-1.089 0.276
LVEDV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 78.00(72.85,85.12) 77.50(76.36,91.92) Z=-1.861 0.063
LVESV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 30.48(29.55,36.40) 29.00(28.37,36.11) Z=-0.570 0.569
心率(次/min,
±s
71.31±9.79 71.69±10.42 t=-0.238 0.813
收缩压(mmHg,
±s
129.33±18.46 132.72±17.00 t=-1.576 0.121
舒张压(mmHg,
±s
73.52±11.85 76.13±10.62 t=-1.787 0.080
LAD-CFV(cm/s,
±s
22.22±5.93 21.37±4.58 t=1.009 0.318
负荷期
LVEDV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 74.00(62.50,94.05) 72.00(71.92,86.91) Z=-0.005 0.996
LVESV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 28.00(22.00,35.00) 25.00(25.01,32.85) Z=-1.088 0.277
心率(次/min,
±s
95.04±12.57 103.87±14.72 t=-5.820 <0.001
收缩压(mmHg,
±s
102.20±14.59 107.93±17.76 t=-2.935 0.005
舒张压(mmHg,
±s
54.37±10.29 58.13±11.90 t=-2.574 0.013
LAD-CFV(cm/s,
±s
61.52±15.95 63.74±17.82 t=-0.905 0.370
恢复期
LVEF[%,MQ1Q3)] 67.00(63.00,69.96) 65.50(62.00,69.00) Z=-1.198 0.231
LVEDV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 75.00(72.40,85.60) 72.00(71.92,86.91) Z=-0.027 0.979
LVESV[ml,MQ1Q3)] 28.50(26.96,33.56) 25.00(25.01,32.85) Z=-1.158 0.247
心率(次/min,
±s
74.7±10.97 83.96±11.35 t=-6.540 <0.001
收缩压(mmHg,
±s
121.67±15.38 119.91±16.51 t=-0.607 0.544
舒张压(mmHg,
±s
70.20±12.72 68.87±12.83 t=-0.571 0.570
LAD-CFV(cm/s,
±s
22.72±5.77 27.89±13.61 t=-2.562 0.010
达峰时间[s,MQ1Q3)] 90.00(88.59,108.67) 50.00(46.47,54.79) Z=-6.179 <0.001
Δ心率[次/min,MQ1Q3)] 23.00(18.75,29.25) 32.20(25.75,39.25) Z=-5.041 <0.001
Δ收缩压[mmHg,MQ1Q3)] 29.50(19.75,42.00) 27.00(18.00,32.00) Z=-1.954 0.051
Δ舒张压(mmHg,
±s
24.93±10.55 20.63±9.61 t=2.724 0.009
ΔLAD-CFV[cm/s,MQ1Q3)] 39.50(33.00,48.25) 43.00(32.00,56.50) Z=-0.988 0.323
CFVR[MQ1Q3)] 2.83(2.61,3.09) 2.95(2.79,3.23) Z=-1.629 0.103
表2 ASE与RSE对CAG≥50%、LAD≥50%的诊断效能比较
表3 ASE和RSE检查不良反应发生情况[n=54;例(%)]
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