切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (04) : 276 -282. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2026.04.003

浅表器官超声影像学

基于超微血流成像血管指数的列线图模型诊断肢端黑色素瘤引流区域淋巴结的价值
邬明嫄1,2, 李婷婷2, 鲜欣欣2, 罗朝阳1,2, 杨青2, 卢漫2,()   
  1. 1 611137 成都中医药大学医学与生命科学学院
    2 610041 成都,四川省肿瘤医院超声医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-09 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 卢漫
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82572230)

Diagnostic value of a superb microvascular imaging vascular index-based nomogram for assessing regional lymph nodes in acral melanoma

Mingyuan Wu1,2, Tingting Li2, Xinxin Xian2, Chaoyang Luo1,2, Qing Yang2, Man Lu2,()   

  1. 1 Schoolof Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
    2 Department of Ultrasound, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2025-12-09 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Man Lu
引用本文:

邬明嫄, 李婷婷, 鲜欣欣, 罗朝阳, 杨青, 卢漫. 基于超微血流成像血管指数的列线图模型诊断肢端黑色素瘤引流区域淋巴结的价值[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2026, 23(04): 276-282.

Mingyuan Wu, Tingting Li, Xinxin Xian, Chaoyang Luo, Qing Yang, Man Lu. Diagnostic value of a superb microvascular imaging vascular index-based nomogram for assessing regional lymph nodes in acral melanoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2026, 23(04): 276-282.

目的

构建基于超微血流成像(SMI)血管指数的列线图模型,用于术前诊断肢端黑色素瘤(AM)患者引流区域淋巴结是否发生转移。

方法

纳入2022年9月至2025年9月四川省肿瘤医院77例经病理确诊的AM患者,根据引流区域淋巴结病理结果将患者分为转移组与非转移组。采用单因素分析(t检验、χ2检验)比较2组患者基线资料、常规超声特征及SMI血管指数的差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析转移性淋巴结的独立诊断指标,分别构建包含与不包含SMI血管指数的诊断模型,并绘制受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线,采用DeLong检验比较2种诊断模型的曲线下面积(AUC)。选取效能较优模型构建列线图,并通过校准曲线和决策曲线分析(DCA)评估其价值。

结果

单因素分析显示,与非转移组(40例)比较,转移组(37例)淋巴结的长短径比值更小(2.33±0.85 vs 3.30±0.99)、皮质厚度更厚[(3.71±2.03)mm vs(2.26±0.80)mm]、血流分型以非门型为主(门型/非门型:10/27 vs 34/6)、阻力指数更大(0.75±0.05 vs 0.61±0.10)、SMI血管指数更大(24.11±9.03 vs 13.70±5.22),差异均具有统计学意义(t=-4.09,P<0.001;t=4.17,P<0.001;χ2=-25.46,P<0.001;t=7.48,P<0.001,t=6.25,P<0.001)。进一步构建诊断模型显示,包含SMI血管指数的模型诊断效能显著优于不含该指标的模型(AUC:0.906 vs 0.809,P=0.012),其校准曲线显示预测概率与实际观测概率一致性良好,DCA进一步证实该模型在临床应用中具有明显的正向净收益。

结论

基于SMI血管指数构建的列线图模型可有效诊断AM患者引流区域淋巴结是否发生转移,为AM患者引流区域淋巴结的术前无创诊断与临床决策提供了有效量化工具。

Objective

To develop a nomogram model based on a Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) vascular index for the preoperative diagnosis of regional lymph node metastasis in patients with acral melanoma (AM).

Methods

Seventy-seven patients with pathologically confirmed AM at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from September 2022 to September 2025 were enrolled and divided into either a metastasis group or a non-metastasis group based on lymph node pathology. Baseline characteristics, conventional ultrasound features, and SMI vascular indices were compared between the two groups by the t-test or χ2 test. Independent diagnostic indicators for metastatic lymph nodes were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Two diagnostic models were constructed: one incorporating the SMI vascular index and one without it. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for both models, and the DeLong test was used to compare their area under the curve (AUC) values. The model with superior performance was selected to build a nomogram model, and the model's efficacy was evaluated using calibration curves and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the lymph node long-to-short axis ratio (2.33±0.85 vs 3.30±0.99; t=-4.09, P<0.001), cortical thickness [(3.71±2.03) mm vs (2.26±0.80) mm; t=4.17, P<0.001], vascular pattern (10/27 vs 34/6; χ2=-25.46, P<0.001), resistive index (0.75±0.05 vs 0.61±0.10; t=7.48, P<0.001), and SMI vascular index (24.11±9.03 vs 13.70±5.22; t=6.25, P<0.001). Further construction of diagnostic models revealed that the model incorporating the SMI vascular index had significantly superior diagnostic performance compared to the model without it (AUC: 0.906 vs 0.809, DeLong test P=0.012). The calibration curve demonstrated good consistency between predicted and actual outcomes. The DCA curve further confirmed that this model provided a significant positive net benefit for clinical application.

Conclusion

The nomogram model constructed based on the SMI vascular index can effectively diagnose regional lymph node status in AM patients, providing a valuable quantitative tool for the preoperative non-invasive diagnosis and clinical decision-making regarding regional lymph nodes in AM.

表1 不同淋巴结转移情况肢端黑色素瘤患者的临床资料及超声特征比较
表2 肢端黑色素瘤患者淋巴结转移的独立危险因素的Logistic回归分析结果
图1 肢端黑色素瘤引流区域淋巴结超声图像及列线图应用示例。图a:常规二维超声图像,显示淋巴结皮质增厚(约5.5 mm),皮髓质分界尚清晰,长短径比值约4.6;图b:彩色多普勒血流成像显示该淋巴结内髓质区域可见树枝状门型血流信号;图c:超微血流成像(SMI)显示在淋巴结皮质区勾画的感兴趣区域(黄色线),皮质区域可见增多的紊乱微血管信号;图d:SMI定量分析显示该淋巴结的血管指数值为40.2;图e:根据该患者的超声特征,血流分型0分,皮质厚度35分,长短径比值25分,SMI血管指数88分,依据列线图计算总得分为148分(蓝色箭头所示),对应的预测淋巴结转移风险概率>95%
图2 包含与不包含SMI血管指数的诊断模型的受试者操作特征曲线 注:SMI为超微血管成像,AUC为曲线下面积
图3 包含超微血管成像血管指数诊断模型的校准度(图a:校准曲线)和临床实用价值(图b:决策曲线分析)
1
Fujisawa Y, Yoshikawa S, Takenouchi T, et al. Melanoma skin cancer statistics derived from 7442 Japanese patients: Japanese melanoma study [J]. Int J Clin Oncol, 2025, 30(5): 844-855.
2
Brunsgaard EK, Wu YP, Grossman D. Melanoma in skin of color: Part I. Epidemiology and clinical presentation [J]. J Am Acad Dermatol, 2023, 89(3): 445-456.
3
Mao L, Qi Z, Zhang L, et al. Immunotherapy in acral and mucosal melanoma: current status and future directions [J]. Int J Clin Oncol, 2021, 12: 680407.
4
Macedo FI, Fayne RA, Azab B, et al. The role of completion lymphadenectomy in positive regional lymph nodes in melanoma: a meta-analysis [J]. J Surg Res, 2019, 236: 83-91.
5
Klemen ND, Han G, Leong SP, et al. Completion lymphadenectomy for a positive sentinel node biopsy in melanoma patients is not associated with a survival benefit [J]. J Surg Oncol, 2019, 119(8): 1053-1059.
6
Hao Y, Sun Y, Lei Y, et al. Percutaneous Sonazoid-enhanced ultrasonography combined with in vitro verification for detection and characterization of sentinel lymph nodes in early breast cancer [J]. Eur Radiol, 2021, 31(8): 5894-5901.
7
Du J, Zhang Q, Zhang J, et al. Melanoma cell line-derived exosomal miR-424-5p: a key promoter of angiogenesis through LATS2 interaction [J]. Oncol Res, 2025, 33(2): 357-367.
8
Thompson JF, Haydu LE, Uren RF, et al. Preoperative ultrasound assessment of regional lymph nodes in melanoma patients does not provide reliable nodal staging: results from a large multicenter trial [J]. Ann Surg, 2021, 273(4): 814-820.
9
Sellyn GE, Lopez AA, Ghosh S, et al. High-frequency ultrasound accuracy in preoperative cutaneous melanoma assessment: a meta-analysis [J]. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol, 2025, 39(1): 86-96.
10
Gitto S, Messina C, Chianca V, et al. Superb microvascular imaging (SMI) in the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review [J]. Radiol Med, 2020, 125(5): 481-490.
11
罗浩柔, 尹立雪. 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像对甲状腺结节诊断价值的Meta分析 [J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2021, 18(6): 554-563.
12
Leong SP, Nosrati M, Wu MC, et al. Preoperative and intraoperative identification of sentinel lymph nodes in melanoma surgery [J]. Cancers (Basel), 2024, 16(15): 2767.
13
Gershenwald JE, Scolyer RA, Hess KR, et al. Melanoma staging: Evidence-based changes in the American Joint Committee on Cancer eighth edition cancer staging manual [J]. CA Cancer J Clin, 2017, 67(6): 472-492.
14
Dobruch-Sobczak K, Szlenk A, Gumowska M, et al. Multiparametric ultrasound assessment of axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer [J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 23072.
15
Lee KK, Vetto JT, Mehrany K, et al. Sentinel lymph node biopsy [J]. Clin Dermatol, 2004, 22(3): 234-239.
16
Zhong L, Wang C. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound superb microvascular imaging for breast tumor: a meta-analysis [J]. Med Ultrason, 2020, 22(3): 313-318.
17
Cappelli C, Pirola I, Gandossi E, et al. Ultrasound microvascular blood flow evaluation: a new tool for the management of thyroid nodule? [J]. Int J Endocrinol, 2019, 2019: 7874890.
18
孙舒涵, 陈雅静, 宗晴晴, 等. 基于超声的深度学习列线图预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗后腋窝淋巴结状态的研究 [J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(2): 97-105.
[1] 殷信宇, 孟雪勤, 张凯, 陈嘉莹, 陈建刚, 李佳伟. 基于多模态融合特征的甲状腺乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移预测模型的构建[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2026, 23(01): 30-39.
[2] 莫遵玉, 赖莉萍, 李水平, 葛肖艳. 基于多种超声参数构建乳腺癌高负荷腋窝淋巴结转移的预测模型[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 82-90.
[3] 曹喆, 翁桂湖, 刘涛, 张锰钢, 杨刚, 陈浩, 邱江东, 徐建威, 张太平. 新型预后营养炎症评分系统建立以有效预测胰腺癌根治术后患者的长期预后[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 85-90.
[4] 邓励旺, 黄予希, 刘施沂, 李彬. 肝内胆管癌中三级淋巴结构及其他病理特征对预后的影响[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 91-97.
[5] 柳敏, 赵敬柱, 候秀坤, 张淼, 吴小灿, 郑向前. SF3B5在甲状腺乳头状癌中的表达特征与临床意义及其抑制肿瘤进展的分子机制研究[J/OL]. 中华普通外科学文献(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 103-111.
[6] 常清语, 冯骋骋, 刘学敏, 姜一鵾, 王海强, 姚昶. 免充气锁骨下入路腔镜甲状腺癌根治术在甲状腺乳头状癌中的应用[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 195-198.
[7] 王萌, 管文贤. 我国腹腔镜胃癌根治关键技术与质量控制[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 108-110.
[8] 李庆, 杜夏宇. 三维重建下3D腹腔镜对低位进展期直肠癌淋巴结清扫术后微炎症及肠黏膜功能的影响[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2026, 20(02): 138-141.
[9] 邢颖, 王峰. 基于机器学习构建肝切除术后肝衰竭预测列线图模型及其预测价值[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 190-196.
[10] 王利明, 马浩越, 余永刚, 陈瑛罡. 结直肠癌手术切除范围的理论依据[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 115-121.
[11] 温钰, 张尊庶, 丁泽浩, 郑仁杰, 武宾, 孙海翔, 韩超, 黄陈. 基于淋巴结转移的结直肠癌新分期与预后关系[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2026, 15(02): 133-145.
[12] 满逸迪, 李军. 脑卒中后肢体运动功能恢复风险预测模型的构建与评估[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(02): 84-91.
[13] 孙娟华, 白引苗, 孔胜男, 王梦雪, 王文慧, 张红梅. 胰腺癌患者化疗相关性恶心呕吐风险列线图构建及验证[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(02): 114-119.
[14] 张维娜, 潘亚娟, 徐敏. 晚期消化系统癌症手术患者器官/腔隙感染的风险预测模型的建立[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(02): 120-124.
[15] 李广飞, 李振涛, 刘宝, 胥明婧, 年梦雨. 超声剪切波弹性成像在直肠癌诊断及淋巴结转移评估中的应用研究[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2026, 16(01): 21-25.
阅读次数
全文


摘要


AI


AI小编
你好!我是《中华医学电子期刊资源库》AI小编,有什么可以帮您的吗?