2023 , Vol. 20 >Issue 06: 581 - 587
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.06.002
左心室心肌应变对无症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者的预后评估价值
Copy editor: 汪荣
收稿日期: 2021-12-14
网络出版日期: 2023-10-31
版权
Prognostic value of left ventricular myocardial strain in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis
Received date: 2021-12-14
Online published: 2023-10-31
Copyright
探讨左心室心肌应变参数对左心室射血分数(LVEF)保留的无症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄(AS)患者发生主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的预测价值。
纳入2018年1月至2020年4月在南昌大学第二附属医院门诊或住院期间行常规超声心动图检查发现的LVEF保留(LVEF≥50%)的无症状重度AS患者68例。获取临床资料、常规超声心动图参数、二维和三维斑点追踪成像获得的左心室应变参数。所有受试者均每隔3个月定期随访,随访时间18个月。根据研究对象在随访期间是否发生MACE将其分为发生MACE组和未发生MACE组。比较各参数在发生MACE组与未发生MACE组的组间差异,采用多因素Cox比例风险模型分析MACE发生的独立预测因子。绘制ROC曲线,计算独立相关参数预测MACE发生的曲线下面积,得出最佳诊断界值及其诊断敏感度和特异度。
二维左心室整体纵向应变(2D-LVGLS)和三维左心室整体纵向应变(3D-LVGLS)是发生MACE的独立预测因子。ROC曲线下面积分别为0.752、0.851,2D-LVGLS以-15.2%作为截断值,预测MACE发生的敏感度和特异度分别为65%和68%;3D-LVGLS以-14.5%作为截断值,预测MACE发生的敏感度和特异度分别为76%和73%。
三维斑点追踪技术评估左心室心肌应变可定量地预测LVEF保留的无症状重度AS患者MACE的发生,其预测效能略优于二维斑点追踪应变参数,可为临床早期干预提供依据。
应康 , 杨璨莹 , 刘凤珍 , 陈丽丽 , 刘燕娜 . 左心室心肌应变对无症状重度主动脉瓣狭窄患者的预后评估价值[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2023 , 20(06) : 581 -587 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.06.002
To assess the predictive value of left ventricular myocardial strain parameters for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with asympomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
A total of 68 asymptomatic severe AS patients with preserved LVEF (LVEF≥50%) detected by routine echocardiography at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2018 to April 2020 were included. Clinical data, conventional echocardiographic parameters, and left ventricular strain parameters obtained by two-dimensional and three-dimensional spot tracking imaging were obtained. All subjects were followed at 3-month intervals for 18 months. According to whether the subjects developed MACE during the follow-up period, they were divided into a group with MACE or a group without MACE. The independent predictors of MACE occurrence were analyzed using the Cox proportional risk model. The ROC curve was drawn, the area under the curve for predicting MACE occurrence by independent correlation parameters was calculated, and the optimal diagnostic threshold value, sensitivity, and specificity were obtained.
Two-dimensional left ventricular global longitudinal strain (2D-LVGLS) and three-dimensional left ventricular global longitudinal strain (3D-LVGLS) were independent predictors of MACE; the area under the ROC curve was 0.752 and 0.851, respectively. Using -15.2% as the cut-off value of 2D-LVGLS, its sensitivity and specificity for predicting MACE were 65% and 68%, respectively. Using -14.5% as the cut-off value of 3D-LVGLS, its sensitivity and specificity for predicting the occurrence of MACE were 76% and 73%, respectively.
Three-dimensional speck tracking technique to assess left ventricular myocardial strain can quantitatively predict the occurrence of MACE in asymptomatic severe AS patients with preserved LVEF, and its predictive performance is slightly better than that of two-dimensional speckle tracking strain parameters, thus providing a basis for early clinical intervention of this condition.
表1 发生MACE组与未发生MACE组的一般临床资料比较 |
临床资料 | 合计(68例) | 发生MACE组(21例) | 未发生MACE组(47例) | 统计值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
年龄(岁, ±s) | 71.6±8.4 | 71.7±7.2 | 71.6±8.3 | t=1.273 | 0.362 |
男性[例(%)] | 41(60.2) | 13(61.9) | 28(59.6) | χ2=27.34 | 0.552 |
BSA(m2, ±s) | 1.51±0.15 | 1.50±0.11 | 1.51±0.08 | t=0.579 | 0.681 |
高血压[例(%)] | 42(61.8) | 13(61.9) | 29(61.7) | χ2=23.54 | 0.774 |
高血脂[例(%)] | 33(48.5) | 10(47.6) | 23(48.9) | χ2=21.67 | 0.876 |
慢性肾病[例(%)] | 27(39.7) | 8(38.1) | 19(40.4) | χ2=17.69 | 0.974 |
冠心病[例(%)] | 19(27.9) | 6(28.5) | 13(27.6) | χ2=22.42 | 0.836 |
糖尿病[例(%)] | 16(23.5) | 5(23.8) | 12(25.5) | χ2=28.63 | 0.548 |
注:MACE为主要不良心血管事件;BSA为体表面积 |
表2 发生MACE组与未发生MACE组的超声心动图参数比较( |
超声参数 | 合计(68例) | 发生MACE组(21例) | 未发生MACE组(47例) | t值 | P值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vmax(m/s) | 4.56±0.29 | 4.82±0.25 | 4.45±0.22 | 2.852 | 0.011 |
MPG(mmHg) | 48.91±14.54 | 51.29±13.93 | 47.40±13.98 | 2.719 | 0.017 |
AVAI(cm2/m2) | 0.45±0.17 | 0.42±0.14 | 0.47±0.21 | 2.973 | 0.005 |
LVEDd(mm) | 46.52±5.21 | 44.3±4.61 | 45.7±5.32 | 0.785 | 0.724 |
LVMI(g/m2) | 86.34±28.09 | 92.01±36.21 | 87.94±39.12 | 1.854 | 0.068 |
LAVI(ml/m2) | 37.95±5.13 | 38.11±4.38 | 37.64±2.99 | 1.109 | 0.323 |
LVEF(%) | 61.52±3.06 | 60.28±4.53 | 61.95±5.92 | 1.541 | 0.172 |
E/e'-IVS | 11.92±2.92 | 12.32±6.6 | 11.56±7.2 | 0.916 | 0.687 |
2D-LVGLS(%) | -15.23±2.71 | -13.52±2.57 | -16.16±2.52 | 3.306 | 0.002 |
3D-LVGLS(%) | -13.91±2.29 | -12.57±1.75 | -14.77±2.14 | 11.582 | <0.001 |
3D-LVGCS(%) | -24.19±3.25 | -23.38±3.44 | -24.26±3.17 | 1.275 | 0.309 |
3D-LVGRS(%) | 34.38±4.54 | 32.62±2.47 | 35.40±2.94 | 2.286 | 0.044 |
3D-LVGAS(%) | -28.33±3.63 | -27.84±2.97 | -28.83±4.37 | 0.617 | 0.923 |
注:1 mmHg=0.133 kPa;MACE为主要不良心血管事件;Vmax为主动脉瓣最大血流速度;MPG为平均跨瓣压差;AVAI为主动脉瓣口面积指数;LVEDd为左心室舒张末期内径;LVMI为左心室质量指数;LAVI为左心房容积指数;LVEF为左心室射血分数;E/e'-IVS为室间隔侧E峰与e'比值;2D-LVGLS为二维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGLS为三维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGCS为三维左心室整体圆周应变;3D-LVGRS为三维左心室整体径向应变;3D-LVGAS为三维左心室整体面积应变 |
表3 与MACE发生相关的多因素Cox比例风险模型分析结果 |
因素 | HR | 95%CI | P值 |
---|---|---|---|
Vmax | 1.030 | 0.976~1.254 | 0.113 |
MPG | 0.982 | 0.849~1.136 | 0.808 |
AVAI | 0.904 | 0.827~1.219 | 0.728 |
2D-LVGLS | 0.914 | 0.849~0.914 | 0.028 |
3D-LVGLS | 2.292 | 1.587~3.310 | <0.001 |
3D-LVGRS | 1.047 | 0.924~1.188 | 0.470 |
注:HR为风险比;CI为置信区间;MACE为主要不良心血管事件;Vmax为主动脉瓣最大血流速度;MPG为平均跨瓣压差;AVAI为主动脉瓣口面积指数;2D-LVGLS为二维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGLS为三维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGRS为三维左心室整体径向应变 |
表4 观察者内左心室应变参数的重复性比较 |
参数 | 样本量 | 测值1 | 测值2 | 偏倚 | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2D-LVGLS | 20 | -15.23±3.03 | -15.31±2.96 | -0.06±1.04 | 0.89 |
3D-LVGLS | 20 | -13.93±3.03 | -13.91±2.96 | -0.02±1.02 | 0.86 |
3D-LVGCS | 20 | -28.73±2.92 | -28.75±2.95 | -0.12±1.65 | 0.87 |
3D-LVGRS | 20 | 37.29±3.54 | 37.28±3.53 | -0.08±1.92 | 0.90 |
3D-LVGAS | 20 | -21.83±2.62 | -21.92±2.76 | -0.15±2.21 | 0.80 |
注:ICC为组内相关系数;2D-LVGLS为二维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGLS为三维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGCS为三维左心室整体圆周应变;3D-LVGRS为三维左心室整体径向应变;3D-LVGAS为三维左心室整体面积应变 |
表5 观察者间左心室应变参数的重复性比较 |
参数 | 样本量 | 观察者1 | 观察者2 | 偏倚 | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2D-LVGLS | 20 | -15.23±3.03 | -15.26±2.92 | -0.07±1.08 | 0.88 |
3D-LVGLS | 20 | -13.93±3.03 | -13.89±2.96 | 0.03±1.15 | 0.80 |
3D-LVGRS | 20 | -28.73±2.92 | -28.74±2.95 | 0.13±1.76 | 0.85 |
3D-LVGCS | 20 | 37.29±3.54 | 37.27±3.33 | 0.09±2.08 | 0.83 |
3D-LVGAS | 20 | -21.83±2.62 | -21.86±2.76 | 0.05±2.1 | 0.82 |
注:ICC为组内相关系数;2D-LVGLS为二维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGLS为三维左心室整体纵向应变;3D-LVGCS为三维左心室整体圆周应变;3D-LVGRS为三维左心室整体径向应变;3D-LVGAS为三维左心室整体面积应变 |
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