2024 , Vol. 21 >Issue 05: 484 - 490
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2024.05.006
探讨IOTA、GI-RADS及O-RADS在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值
Copy editor: 吴春凤
收稿日期: 2023-09-15
网络出版日期: 2024-08-05
基金资助
湖北省卫生计生委科研项目(WJ2018H0140)
版权
Performance of IOTA simple rules, GI-RADS, and O-RADS in differentiating between benign and malignant adnexal lesions
Received date: 2023-09-15
Online published: 2024-08-05
Copyright
探讨国际卵巢肿瘤分析(IOTA)简单法则、超声妇科影像报告与数据系统(GI-RADS)分类及卵巢-附件影像报告和数据系统(O-RADS)分类在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值。
回顾性分析2018年1月至2023年2月湖北省妇幼保健院收治的237例附件肿瘤患者(单侧/双侧)(共277个肿瘤),其中恶性肿瘤138个,良性肿瘤139个,均在术前行超声检查并经术后病理证实。由2名高年资医师共同对所有肿瘤行IOTA简单法则、GI-RADS和O-RADS分类,另一名医师将分类结果与病理结果进行对照,通过受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分别计算出IOTA简单法则、GI-RADS分类及O-RADS分类在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及曲线下面积(AUC)。采用Delong检验比较3种诊断方法的诊断效能。
IOTA简单法则在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的敏感度为99.3%,特异度为87.8%,AUC为0.935(95%可信区间:0.902~0.969),阳性预测值为88.96%,阴性预测值为99.19%;GI-RADS分类(取最佳截断值≥4类时)在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的敏感度为87.0%,特异度为90.6%,AUC为0.910(95%可信区间:0.877~0.943),阳性预测值为77.40%,阴性预测值为99.00%;O-RADS分类(取最佳截断值≥4类时)在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的敏感度为96.4%,特异度为90.6%,AUC为0.980(95%可信区间:0.967~0.994),阳性预测值为91.22%,阴性预测值为96.18%。IOTA简单法则与GI-RADS分类之间AUC比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),O-RADS分类与IOTA简单法则、GI-RADS分类之间AUC比较,差异具有统计学意义(Z=5.09、3.06,P=0.003、0.002)。
在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中,O-RADS分类(当取最佳截断值≥4类时)的诊断效能最高,IOTA简单法则与GI-RADS分类(当取最佳截断值≥4类时)诊断效能相当,均较O-RADS分类低。
关键词: 卵巢肿瘤; 国际卵巢肿瘤分析; 卵巢-附件影像报告和数据系统; 超声妇科影像报告与数据系统
卢菊 , 赵胜 , 范建华 , 高艳多 . 探讨IOTA、GI-RADS及O-RADS在附件肿瘤良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2024 , 21(05) : 484 -490 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2024.05.006
To assess the value of the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) simple rules, gynecology imaging reporting and data system (GI-RADS), and ovarian-adnexal reporting and data system (O-RADS) in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant adnexal lesions.
A retrospective analysis was performed on 237 patients with adnexal tumors (unilateral/bilateral) admitted to Women and Childrens Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2018 to February 2023 (277 tumors in total), including 138 malignant tumors and 139 benign tumors, all of which were confirmed by preoperative ultrasound examination and postoperative pathology. Two senior physicians jointly performed classifications based on the IOTA simple rules, GI-RADS, and O-RADS, while another physician compared the classifications with the pathological results. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the IOTA simple rules, GI-RADS, and O-RADS in the differential diagnosis of adnexal tumors were then calculated. The Delong test in R was used to compare the diagnostic performance of the three diagnostic methods.
The sensitivity, specificity, AUC, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the IOTA simple rules in the differential diagnosis of adnexal tumors were 0.993, 0.878, 0.935 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.902-0.969), 88.96%, and 99.19%, respectively; the corresponding values for GI-RADS classification (when the optimal cut-off value was ≥level 4) and O-RADS classification (when the optimal cut-off value was ≥level 4) were 0.870, 0.906, 0.910 (95%CI: 0.877-0.943), 77.40%, and 99.00%, and 0.964, 0.906, 0.980 (95%CI: 0.967-0.994), 91.22%, and 96.18%. The AUC between the IOTA simple rules and GI-RADS classification showed no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), while the AUC between O-RADS classification and the IOTA simple rules and GI-RADS classification differed significantly (P=0.003 and P=0.002, respectively).
In the differential diagnosis of adnexal tumors, the O-RADS classification (when the optimal cut-off value was ≥ level 4) has the highest diagnostic efficacy. The diagnostic performance of the IOTA simple rules is comparable to that of the GI-RADS classification (when the optimal cut-off value is ≥ level 4), and both have a lower diagnostic performance than the O-RADS classification.
图1 48岁女性患者,附件区囊实性包块超声图像。图a:肿瘤最大径为71.0 mm;图b:彩色多普勒超声可见丰富的血流信号;图c:频谱多普勒示阻力指数为0.51。IOTA简单法则判断包块为恶性;GI-RADS分类为4类;O-RADS分类为5类。病理结果为卵巢成人型颗粒细胞瘤 |
图2 30岁女性患者,附件区囊实性包块超声图像。图a:超声示肿瘤最大径为83.8 mm;图b:彩色多普勒成像(CDFI)可见丰富的血流信号;图c:包块内可见多个乳头状实性结构,CDFI可见丰富血流信号;图d:频谱多普勒测得阻力指数为0.36。IOTA简单法则判断包块为恶性;GI-RADS分类为4类;O-RADS分类为5类。病理结果为卵巢交界性黏液性乳头状囊腺瘤 |
表1 附件区肿瘤病理结果 |
类别 | 个数 | 占比(%) | 类别 | 个数 | 占比(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
恶性 | 138 | 49.8 | 良性 | 139 | 50.2 |
上皮-间叶来源 | 64 | 23.1 | 上皮-间叶来源 | 70 | 25.2 |
浆/黏液性癌 | 22 | 7.9 | 子宫内膜异位囊肿 | 35 | 12.6 |
浆/黏液性腺癌 | 14 | 5.0 | 浆液性囊腺瘤 | 22 | 7.8 |
透明细胞癌 | 11 | 3.9 | 黏液性囊腺瘤 | 12 | 4.4 |
子宫内膜样腺癌 | 4 | 1.4 | 浆液性乳头状囊腺瘤 | 1 | 0.4 |
浆液性囊腺癌 | 3 | 1.1 | 性索-间质来源 | 5 | 1.8 |
浆液性上皮内癌 | 2 | 0.8 | 纤维瘤 | 4 | 1.4 |
黏液性乳头状囊腺癌 | 1 | 0.4 | 卵泡膜细胞瘤 | 1 | 0.4 |
肾样腺癌 | 1 | 0.4 | 生殖细胞肿瘤 | 28 | 10.2 |
鳞状细胞癌 | 1 | 0.4 | 成熟性囊性畸胎瘤 | 26 | 9.4 |
其他 | 5 | 1.8 | 甲状腺肿 | 2 | 0.8 |
性索-间质来源 | 7 | 2.5 | 非赘生性肿瘤 | 36 | 13.0 |
纤维卵泡膜细胞癌 | 1 | 0.4 | 黄体囊肿 | 12 | 4.4 |
颗粒细胞瘤 | 6 | 2.1 | 单纯性囊肿 | 17 | 6.1 |
生殖细胞肿瘤 | 1 | 0.4 | 黄素囊肿 | 6 | 2.1 |
未成熟畸胎瘤 | 1 | 0.4 | 妊娠黄体瘤 | 1 | 0.4 |
转移癌 | 7 | 2.5 | |||
乳腺浸润癌 | 1 | 0.4 | |||
其他 | 6 | 2.1 | |||
原发癌 | 1 | 0.4 | |||
交界性肿瘤 | 44 | 15.9 | |||
其他癌 | 9 | 3.2 | |||
输卵管恶性肿瘤 | 5 | 1.8 |
图4 国际卵巢肿瘤分析(IOTA)简单法则、妇科影像报告与数据系统(GI-RADS)、卵巢-附件影像报告和数据系统(O-RADS)三者诊断附件肿瘤良恶性的受试者操作特征曲线 |
表2 IOTA简单法则、GI-RADS分类、O-RADS分类在附件肿瘤中的鉴别诊断效能 |
分类 | 敏感度(%) | 特异度(%) | 曲线下面积(95%可信区间) | 阳性预测值(%) | 阴性预测值(%) | 最佳截断值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
IOTA简单法则 | 99.3 | 87.8 | 0.935(0.902~0.969) | 88.96 | 99.19 | 无 |
GI-RADS分类 | 87.0 | 90.6 | 0.910(0.877~0.943)a | 77.40 | 99.00 | ≥4类 |
O-RADS分类 | 96.4 | 90.6 | 0.980(0.967~0.994)b | 91.21 | 96.18 | ≥4类 |
注:a与IOTA简单法则比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=1.39,P=0.160),b与IOTA简单法则比较,差异具有统计学意义(Z=5.09,P=0.003),b与a比较,差异具有统计学意义(Z=3.06,P=0.002) |
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