2025 , Vol. 22 >Issue 02: 146 - 152
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.02.008
右心室长轴应变在长期随访法洛四联症术后患儿右心功能变化中的应用
Copy editor: 汪荣
收稿日期: 2024-12-26
网络出版日期: 2025-04-01
基金资助
北京市属医院科研培育计划(PX2021049)
版权
Long-term assessment of right ventricular function in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot by using right ventricular longitudinal strain
Received date: 2024-12-26
Online published: 2025-04-01
Copyright
目的
应用超声心动图长期动态评价法洛四联症术后(rTOF)患者右心形态及功能的变化,探讨右心室长轴应变的应用价值。
方法
纳入2023 年7 月至2024 年9 月在北京儿童医院复诊的22 例rTOF 患者的超声心动图资料,患者平均年龄为(11.9±2.5)岁,术后中位随访时间为11 年。获得患者心腔径线及反流情况,并分析右心功能参数,包括三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)、右心室面积变化率(FAC)、右心室游离壁长轴应变(FWLS)、室间隔长轴应变(SLS)、整体长轴应变(GLS)等参数。并回顾该组患者5 年前(中位随访时间为5 年)的超声心动图资料,进行前后两次的形态及功能参数比较。为两组资料分别匹配相近体表面积、同性别健康儿童作为正常对照组,分别分析两个随访时间点的rTOF 患者与对照组的右心形态及功能参数。
结果
两个随访时间点的rTOF 患者与正常对照组相比,均表现为右心室增大、形态失常,肺动脉正向流速增快,TAPSE、FAC 及长轴应变各参数(FWLS、SLS、GLS)均低于正常对照组(P 均<0.05)。两个随访时间点22 例患者中分别有50.0%(11/22,中位随访时间5 年)、59.1%(13/22,中位随访时间11 年)存在中度及重度的肺动脉反流。两个随访时间点(中位随访时间11 年 vs 中位随访时间5 年)的rTOF 患者资料进行比较,TAPSE (0.23±0.04 vs 0.25±0.05)、FAC [(27.46±5.75)% vs (28.03±6.61)%] 、FWLS [(-19.00±4.23)% vs (-20.47±5.49)%]均未出现进行性减低,但SLS[(-17.79±3.46)% vs(-20.82±4.30)%,P<0.05]、GLS[(-18.39±3.68)% vs (-20.65±4.61)%,P<0.05]出现进行性减低。
结论
在rTOF 患者术后较长时间的随访过程中,超声心动图提示肺动脉瓣反流所致的右心容量负荷过重持续存在,右心功能参数均低于健康儿童,右心室长轴应变的部分参数可提示右心室功能的持续变化。
李静雅 , 薛丽 , 李姗姗 , 邓雅文 , 孙妍 , 马宁 . 右心室长轴应变在长期随访法洛四联症术后患儿右心功能变化中的应用[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025 , 22(02) : 146 -152 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.02.008
Objective
To evaluate the long-term dynamic changes in right heart morphology and function in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) by using echocardiography for exploring the application value of right ventricular longitudinal strain.
Methods
A total of 22 rTOF children who had undergone surgery at Beijing Children's Hospital from July 2023 to September 2024 were included in this study.The average age was 11.9±2.5 years, and the median follow-up time was 11 years.The diameters of heart chambers, pulmonary valve regurgitation, and parameters of right ventricular function including tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), fractional area change (FAC), free wall longitudinal strain (FWLS), septal longitudinal strain (SLS), and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were obtained.The echocardiographic data of rTOF patients obtained 5 years ago were reviewed (the median follow-up time was 5 years).The data comparison between the 11-year follow-up and 5-year follow-up was carried out.Healthy children of similar body surface area and the same gender were included as the control group.The right heart morphology and function parameters of rTOF patients and the control group at two follow-up time points were analyzed.
Results
Compared with the control group at the two follow-up time points, rTOF patients had enlarged right ventricles and increased pulmonary artery flow velocity.The parameters of TAPSE, FAC,and longitudinal strain (FWLS, SLS, and GLS) were all lower than those of the control groups (P<0.05).Among the 22 patients at the two follow-up time points, 50.0% (11/22, median follow-up time of 5 years)and 59.1% (13/22, median follow-up time of 11 years) had moderate to severe pulmonary regurgitation,respectively.Comparing the data of rTOF patients at the two follow-up time points (median follow-up time of 11 years vs median follow-up time of 5 years), TAPSE [(0.23±0.04) vs (0.25±0.05)], FAC [(27.46±5.75)%vs (28.03±6.61)%], and FWLS [(-19.00±4.23)% vs (-20.47±5.49)%] did not show a progressive decline.In contrast, SLS [(-17.79±3.46)% vs (-20.82±4.30)%, P<0.05] and GLS [(-18.39±3.68)% vs(-20.65±4.61)%, P<0.05] showed a progressive decrease.
Conclusion
In the long-term follow-up of rTOF patients, echocardiography indicates right ventricular volume overload due to the persistent pulmonary valve regurgitation, and right heart function parameters are lower than those of healthy children.Certain right ventricular longitudinal strain parameters can be used to evaluate dynamic right ventricular function.
Key words: Echocardiography; Tetralogy of Fallot; Strain; Follow-up
表1 研究组1 与对照组1 超声心动图形态参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | RVth(mm) | LVEDD(mm) | PVAD(mm) | AOD(mm) | PFVP(m/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组1 | 20 | 35.03±5.51 | 41.25±4.63 | 19.54±4.31 | 22.43±3.29 | 2.17±0.66 |
对照组1 | 20 | 32.84±4.43 | 41.91±3.38 | 22.06±3.47 | 20.25±2.26 | 0.87±0.14 |
t 值 | -2.180 | 0.600 | 2.819 | -2.719 | -9.116 | |
P 值 | 0.043 | 0.556 | 0.011 | 0.014 | < 0.001 |
注:研究组1 和对照组1 为法洛四联症术后患者(中位随访时间为11 年)及匹配的对照组;RVTD 为右心室横径;LVEDD 为左心室舒张末期内径;PVAD 为肺动脉瓣环径;AOD 为主动脉瓣环径;PFVP 为肺动脉血流速度峰值 |
表2 研究组1 与对照组1 超声心动图右心室功能参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | TAPSE(mm) | FAC(%) | FWLS(%) | SLS(%) | GLS(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组1 | 20 | 16.30±2.41 | 26.89±5.89 | -19.21±4.23 | -18.08±3.38 | -18.65±3.62 |
对照组1 | 20 | 21.27±2.79 | 45.22±3.57 | -26.40±3.07 | -22.69±1.90 | -24.54±2.40 |
t 值 | 6.234 | 10.638 | -5.940 | -5.448 | -6.053 | |
P 值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
注:研究组1 和对照组1 为法洛四联症术后患者(中位随访时间为11 年)及匹配的对照组;TAPSE 为三尖瓣环收缩期位移;FAC 为右心室面积变化率;FWLS 为右心室游离壁长轴应变;SLS 为右心室室间隔长轴应变;GLS 为右心室整体长轴应变 |
表3 研究组2 与对照组2 超声心动图形态参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | RVth(mm) | LVEDD(mm) | PVAD(mm) | AOD(mm) | PFVP(m/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组2 | 22 | 26.17±3.53 | 34.50±4.45 | 15.20±3.26 | 19.62±3.77 | 2.43±0.61 |
对照组2 | 22 | 23.20±6.18 | 35.97±4.87 | 16.31±3.07 | 15.83±2.05 | 0.91±0.02 |
t 值 | 2.528 | -1.814 | -1.872 | 6.836 | 11.597 | |
P 值 | 0.020 | 0.084 | 0.075 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
注:研究组2 和对照组2 为法洛四联症术后患者(中位随访时间为5 年)及匹配的对照组;RVTD 为右心室横径;LVEDD 为左心室舒张末期内径;PVAD 为肺动脉瓣环径;AOD 为主动脉瓣环径;PFVP 为肺动脉血流速度峰值 |
表4 研究组2 与对照组2 超声心动图右心室功能参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | TAPSE(mm) | FAC(%) | FWLS(%) | SLS(%) | GLS(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组2 | 22 | 12.97±0.52 | 27.93±6.29 | -20.47±5.49 | -20.82±4.30 | -20.65±4.61 |
对照组2 | 22 | 16.67±0.52 | 44.65±10.40 | -27.90±5.41 | -25.80±3.61 | -26.85±4.23 |
t 值 | -4.629 | -6.756 | 4.544 | 4.197 | 4.805 | |
P 值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
注:研究组2 和对照组2 为法洛四联症术后患者(中位随访时间为5 年)及匹配的对照组;TAPSE 为三尖瓣环收缩期位移;FAC 为右心室面积变化率;FWLS 为右心室游离壁长轴应变;SLS 为右心室室间隔长轴应变;GLS 为右心室整体长轴应变 |
表5 研究组1 与研究组2 超声心动图形态参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | RVth(mm) | LVEDD(mm) | PVAD(mm) | AOD(mm) | PFVP(m/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组1 | 22 | 35.35±5.62 | 41.86±4.79 | 19.54±4.31 | 23.21±4.27 | 2.24±0.68 |
研究组2 | 22 | 26.53±3.21 | 34.53±4.56 | 15.20±3.26 | 19.62±3.77 | 2.43±0.61 |
t 值 | -7.842 | -11.759 | -5.520 | -5.395 | -9.116 | |
P 值 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.059 |
注:研究组1 和研究组2 分别为法洛四联症术后中位随访时间为11 年、5 年的患者;RVTD 为右心室横径;LVEDD 为左心室舒张末期内径;PVAD 为肺动脉瓣环径;AOD 为主动脉瓣环径;PFVP 为肺动脉血流速度峰值 |
表6 研究组1 与研究组2 超声心动图双心室功能参数比较( |
组别 | 例数 | TAPSE | FAC(%) | FWLS(%) | SLS(%) | GLS(%) | LVEF(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
研究组1 | 22 | 0.23±0.04 | 27.46±5.75 | -19.00±4.23 | -17.79±3.46 | -18.39±3.68 | 68.71±5.07 |
研究组2 | 22 | 0.25±0.05 | 28.03±6.61 | -20.47±5.49 | -20.82±4.30 | -20.65±4.61 | 71.76±4.63 |
t 值 | 1.638 | 0.382 | -1.652 | -3.363 | -2.771 | 2.523 | |
P 值 | 0.120 | 0.707 | 0.113 | 0.003 | 0.011 | 0.020 |
注:研究组1 和研究组2 分别为法洛四联症术后中位随访时间为11 年、5 年的患者;TAPSE 为三尖瓣环收缩期位移;FAC 为右心室面积变化率;FWLS 为右心室游离壁长轴应变;SLS 为右心室室间隔长轴应变;GLS 为右心室整体长轴应变;LVEF 为左心室射血分数 |
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