2025 , Vol. 22 >Issue 05: 434 - 443
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.05.009
男性生殖超声质量控制经验分享
Copy editor: 吴春凤
收稿日期: 2025-03-20
网络出版日期: 2025-07-17
版权
Practices for quality control in male reproductive ultrasound
Received date: 2025-03-20
Online published: 2025-07-17
Copyright
本文结合北京大学第三医院男性生殖超声的实践经验及欧洲泌尿生殖放射学会最新指南,系统探讨了男性生殖超声的质量控制要点。男性生殖超声聚焦于男性不育症的诊断,需重点关注解剖结构异常及生精-输精通路病变,与常规阴囊超声(侧重肿瘤、炎症等)存在显著差异。文中详细阐述了男性生殖超声的检查规范,包括设备参数设置、探头选择(高频线阵探头为主)、标准化扫查方案(阴囊、阴茎及经直肠前列腺扫查),以及二维超声、彩色多普勒超声和频谱多普勒超声的留图要求(如睾丸体积测量、精索静脉曲张评估、勃起功能障碍试验等)。同时,提出了具体的图像与报告标准化建议,强调通过科学质量控制提升诊断准确性,满足生殖专科临床需求。本研究为优化男性生殖超声检查流程、减少漏诊误诊提供了实践指导,具有重要的临床参考价值。
张睿超 , 杨诗源 , 李况蒙 , 蒋洁 , 刘畅 , 崔立刚 . 男性生殖超声质量控制经验分享[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025 , 22(05) : 434 -443 . DOI: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.05.009
This article systematically explores the key aspects of quality control in reproductive andrology ultrasound, integrating the clinical expertise of Peking University Third Hospital with the latest guidelines from the European Society of Urogenital Radiology Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group.Unlike routine scrotal ultrasound, which primarily evaluates tumors, inflammation, and other pathologies,reproductive andrology ultrasound focuses on diagnosing male infertility, with particular emphasis on anatomical abnormalities and disorders of spermatogenic and sperm transport pathways.This paper elaborates on standardized examination protocols, including equipment parameter settings, probe selection (primarily high-frequency linear array probes), and standardized scanning protocols for the scrotum, penis, and transrectal prostate.Requirements for image documentation using 2D, color Doppler, and spectral Doppler imaging are detailed, covering testicular volume measurement, varicocele assessment, and erectile dysfunction testing.Furthermore, the article proposes standardized image and reporting guidelines, emphasizing the enhancement of diagnostic accuracy through scientific quality control to meet clinical needs in reproductive medicine.This paper provides practical guidance for optimizing reproductive andrology ultrasound workflows and reducing missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses, and holds significant clinical reference value.
Key words: Male; Reproductive andrology ultrasound; Quality control; Infertility
表1 男性生殖超声报告模板核心信息 |
检查项 | 内容 |
---|---|
睾丸 | 侧别(左 / 右) |
睾丸定位(阴囊 / 腹股沟) | |
睾丸三径(长、宽、高) | |
睾丸体积(注明计算公式) | |
回声均匀性 | |
微钙化 / 微石症 | |
附睾 | 侧别(左 / 右) |
头、体、尾是否存在及测量 | |
管状扩张或异常回声 | |
输精管 | 侧别(左 / 右) |
是否存在 | |
是否扩张及测量外径,如果扩张需测量内径 |
图4 患者24 岁,因无精症来诊,既往1 岁时行双侧腹股沟疝修补术,图a 为右侧输精管阴囊段横切图,可见输精管内径扩张,加压管腔不可压闭;图b 为右侧输精管腹股沟段长轴图;图c 可见右侧输精管在腹股沟管内环口附近回声中断 |
1 |
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3 |
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