To observe the effect of ultrasound guided optimized block of the posterior medial branch of the lumbar spinal nerve combined with general anesthesia in lumbar internal fixation.

Ninety American Society for Anesthesiologists (ASA) Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive either intravenous inhalation anesthesia (45 cases) or ultrasound guided optimal block of the posterior medial branch of the lumbar spinal nerve combined with general anesthesia (45 cases). The total dosage of sufentanil, bispectral index (BIS) value, visual analogue scales (VAS) scores at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours after surgery, and complications such as vomiting, pruritus, and drowsiness were recorded.

There was no significant difference in BIS scores between the two groups (P＞0.05). The dosage of sufentanil in patients undergoing ultrasound guided optimal block of the posterior medial branch of the lumbar spinal nerve combined with general anesthesia was less than that of patients undergoing intravenous inhalation anesthesia (P＜0.05), and the VAS scores in the combination group at 0, 4, 8, and 12 h were significantly lower than those of the intravenous inhalation anesthesia group (P＜0.05). The incidence of vomiting, pruritus, and drowsiness in the combination group was lower than that of the intravenous inhalation anesthesia group (P＜0.05).

Optimized block of the posterior medial branch of the lumbar spinal nerve under the guidance of ultrasound combined with general anesthesia in the lumbar internal fixation has satisfactory effects, with no obvious adverse effects observed.