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Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (07): 734-742. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.07.012

• Superficial Parts Ultrasound • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical value of a nomogram based on ultrasonic and clinical features for predicting central and lateral cervical lymph node metastases of thyroid papillary carcinoma

Guo Sun, Yingdong Xie, Chaoli Xu(), Bin Yang   

  1. Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
    Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
  • Received:2022-03-01 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-05
  • Contact: Chaoli Xu

Abstract:

Objective

To explore the clinical value of a nomogram based on preoperative thyroid ultrasonic and clinical characteristics for predicting central and lateral cervical neck lymph node metastases of thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC).

Methods

A total of 1071 patients, including 560 patients without lymph node metastasis, 415 with central cervical lymph node metastasis, and 96 with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, who were admitted to Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine Nanjing University (Eastern Theater Command General Hospital) from January 2014 to June 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. All lymph node metastases were pathologically confirmed after surgery. Preoperative clinical and thyroid ultrasonography data were retrospectively analyzed and compared among the three groups using univariate analysis. Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant independent risk factors for metastasis. Then, a nomogram was generated for visualizing the risk factors for predicting lymph node metastasis.

Results

Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in patient age, transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, and longitudinal/transverse ratio of nodules measured by thyroid ultrasound, edge, lateral acoustic shadow, acoustic corona, calcification, color Doppler imaging blood grade, and TSH level between patients without and patients with cervical lymph node metastasis (P<0.05 for all). Logistic regression analysis showed that patient age ≤ 45 years, anteroposterior diameter ≥ 20 mm, transverse diameter ≥ 10 mm, and CDFI grade 3 were risk predictors of central cervical lymph node metastasis, and the three former factors were risk predictors of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. The ROC curve of the nomogram combining the above factors showed relative good prediction performance for central cervical lymph node metastasis with an AUC of 0.735, sensitivity of 29.47%, and specificity of 89.09%, while for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, the AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.866, 19.96%, and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion

The nomogram based on thyroid ultrasonography (anteroposterior diameter ≥ 20 mm, transverse diameter ≥ 10 mm, and CDFI grade 3) and clinical features (patient age ≤ 45 years) can be applied as a noninvasive quantitative tool to predict cervical lymph node metastasis in PTC patients. Especially, the nomogram exhibits a high diagnostic specificity for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. The nomogram may facilitate decision-making for prophylactic lymphoid dissection in such patients.

Key words: Thyroid carcinoma, Ultrasound, Lymph node metastasis, Nomogram

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