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Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (07): 749-754. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.07.014

• Genitourinary Ultrasound • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Clinical value of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluation of blood perfusion of transplanted kidney at different survival stages

Yingdong Xie, Guo Sun, Chaoli Xu(), Bin Yang, Hui Sun, Yun Dai   

  1. Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine Nanjing University (General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command), Nanjing 210002, China
    Department of Ultrasound Diagnostic, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
  • Received:2022-02-07 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-05
  • Contact: Chaoli Xu

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the correlation between the blood perfusion status of the transplanted kidney evaluated by contrast-enhanced ultrasound with time-intensity curve (CEUS-TIC) and the survival rate of the transplanted kidney.

Methods

A total of 186 kidney transplantation patients were selected from General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from January 2011 to December 2020. According to the follow-up survival time of the patients with kidney transplantation, they were divided into four groups: A (1-12 months); B (13-60 months); C (61 to 120 months); and D (>120 months). All patients underwent conventional ultrasound and CEUS examination. ANOVA/Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in age, renal function, ultrasonic Doppler flow parameters, and CEUS-TIC parameters including cortical arrival time (AT), peak arrival time (TTP), and peak intensity (PI) among different groups. The variables statistically significant associated with survival rate were further assessed by ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis.

Results

There were 59, 45, 41, and 41 patients in groups A to D, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in systolic blood pressure [(138.41±12.58) mmHg vs (141.23±14.48) mmHg vs (134.25±9.31) mmHg vs (134.63±12.53) mmHg; F=3.109, P=0.028], diastolic blood pressure [(87.03±7.58) mmHg vs (84.78±8.90) mmHg vs (81.94±8.93) mmHg vs (84.26±8.96) mmHg; F=2.939, P=0.035], post-transplant complications [yes/no: 25/34 vs 24/21 vs 24/29 vs 9/32; χ2=14.862, P=0.021], serum creatinine concentration [(233.34±183.65) μmol/L vs (376.51±257.71) μmol/L vs (455.56±268.41) μmol/L vs (635.20±515.47) μmol/L; F=13.370, P<0.001], estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) [(95.88±18.19) ml/(min·L) vs (85.65±17.43) ml/(min·L) vs (66.95±20.55) ml/(min·L) vs (52.12±26.62) ml/(min·L); F=42.020, P<0.001], ultrasonically measured renal thickness [(61.09±12.89) mm vs (67.12±11.06) mm vs (66.42±11.16) mm vs (67.83±10.02) mm; F=3.806, P=0.011], arcuate artery RI [(0.60±0.15) vs (0.62±0.09) vs (0.65±0.12) vs (0.67±0.09); F=2.793, P=0.042], and PI [(34.41±7.89) dB vs (31.81±7.61) dB vs (28.32±4.61) dB vs (23.96±4.83) dB; F=10.458, P<0.001] among patients with different survival periods. Ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that PI (OR=11.302, 95%CI: 4.711-27.086, P<0.001), creatinine (OR=0.278, 95%CI: 0.141-0.550, P<0.001), post-transplant complications (OR=0.275, 95%CI: 0.124-0.609, P<0.001), and eGFR (OR=6.449, 95%CI: 3.267-12.743, P<0.001) were independently associated with survival prognosis.

Conclusion

CEUS-TIC is an effective method to evaluate the blood perfusion of the transplanted kidney at different survival times, and it can provide effective information for the clinical status of transplanted kidney function. PI shows the strongest correlation between graft perfusion status and graft survival rate.

Key words: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound, Renal transplant, Survival rate, Peak intensity

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