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Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (03): 212-220. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.03.005

• Obstetric and Gynecologic Ultrasound • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Hariequin ichthyosis: prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and characteristics

Dandan Luo1, Huaxuan Wen1, Chanhua Yang2, Ming Chen3, Yao Tang4, Chuan Fan5, Jiajun Guo5, Yimei Liao1, Yue Qin1, Meiling Liang1, Qing Zeng1, Yan Ding1, Shengli Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518028, China
    2. Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Third Hospital, Zhangzhou 363000, China
    3. Department of Ultrasound, Harbin Red Cross Central Hospital, Harbin 150076, China
    4. Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
    5. Department of Ultrasound, The People's Hospital of Zhijin County, Bijie 552100, China
  • Received:2020-07-02 Online:2022-03-01 Published:2022-04-15
  • Contact: Shengli Li

Abstract:

Objective

To analyze the prenatal ultrasound characteristics of fetal harlequin ichthyosis (HI).

Methods

From January 2004 to August 2020, five fetuses were prenatally diagnosed with HI at Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Zhangzhou Third Hospital, Harbin Red Cross Central Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, and The People’ s Hospital of Zhijin County and were verified by genetic testing results and postpartum manifestations. The key points of prenatal ultrasound characteristics and differential diagnosis of HI were summarized and analyzed based on the literature.

Results

Both facial and limb abnormalities, including eclabium and clenched fist, were found by prenatal ultrasound in all five HI fetuses (ectropion and flat nose were observed in four fetuses), and other anomalies included chapped and thickened skin (3 cases), and abnormal amniotic fluid (2 cases). The result of whole-exon sequence analysis was available in one case, indicating mutation of the ABCA12 gene. All the postpartum fetuses presented with chapped and thickened yellow skin, eclabium, ectropion, flat nose, microtia, and fixed extremities, which confirmed the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.

Conclusion

Prenatal screening and diagnosis of HI are possible based on the findings of sonographic examination. Facial and limb abnormalities are the most important characteristics.

Key words: Ultrasonography, prenatal, Harlequin fetus, Malformation, Skin disease, Harlequin ichthyosis

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