To analyze the echocardioimagedata characteristics of different types of left brachiocephalic vein abnormalities in fetuses and to improve the diagnostic ability for these diseases.

A retrospective analysis was performed on 55 fetuses with abnormal left brachiocephalic vein abnormalities confirmed by echocardiography at the Second People's Hospital of Changzhou from July 1, 2019 to March 31, 2022. According to echocardioimagedata findings, the abnormal left brachiocephalic vein was divided into absence of the left brachiocephalic vein, abnormal course of the left brachiocephalic vein, and abnormal diameter of the left brachiocephalic vein.

Among 55 fetuses included, the left brachiocephalic vein was absent in 46 cases; the left superior vena cava was persistent in 44 cases, and the right superior vena cava was absent in 2 cases. There were 7 cases of left brachial vein abnormality, including 2 cases of intrathymic vein abnormality, 5 cases of subaortic vein abnormality, 4 cases of left brachial vein abnormality, 1 case of left Tetralogy of Fallot vein abnormality. The diameter of the left brachiocephalic vein was abnormal in 2 cases, both of them were supracardiac type of anomalous pulmonary venous connection with widening of the left brachiocephalic vein.

Echocardiography can effectively identify various types of left brachiocephalic vein abnormalities in fetuses and associated abnormalities, and understanding the ultrasonoimagedata features of various types of left brachiocephalic vein abnormalities is helpful to improve their diagnostic rate.