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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (04) : 301 -305. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2019.04.012

所属专题: 文献

心血管超声影像学

超声心动图评估急性脑损伤患者的左心室功能
柴亮1,(), 赵子平2, 曹亚云1, 包涵1, 高照1, 刘晓晓1   
  1. 1. 100122 北京朝阳急诊抢救中心特诊科
    2. 100122 北京朝阳急诊抢救中心神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-23 出版日期:2019-04-01
  • 通信作者: 柴亮

Comparative assessment of left ventricular function in patients with acute brain injury

Liang Chai1,(), Ziping Zhao2, Yayun Cao1, Han Bao1, Zhao Gao1, Xiaoxiao Liu1   

  1. 1. Department of Special Examination, Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Center, Beijing 100122, China
    2. Neurosurgery Department, Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Center, Beijing 100122, China
  • Received:2017-10-23 Published:2019-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Liang Chai
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Chai Liang, Email:
引用本文:

柴亮, 赵子平, 曹亚云, 包涵, 高照, 刘晓晓. 超声心动图评估急性脑损伤患者的左心室功能[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2019, 16(04): 301-305.

Liang Chai, Ziping Zhao, Yayun Cao, Han Bao, Zhao Gao, Xiaoxiao Liu. Comparative assessment of left ventricular function in patients with acute brain injury[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2019, 16(04): 301-305.

目的

应用超声心动图对急性脑损伤患者的左心室功能状态进行评估。

方法

回顾性选取2015年1月至2015年10月北京朝阳急诊抢救中心颅脑损伤中心重症监护室收治的急性颅脑损伤患者85例,同时随机选取北京朝阳急诊抢救中心矫形骨科和创伤骨科行外周创伤外科手术或肢体矫形手术的患者74例作为对照组,所有患者均于入院后行常规心脏超声心动图检查。对比分析2组患者的左心室前后径(LVD)、左心室容积(LVV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)以及二尖瓣血流频谱E峰和A峰比值(E/A),并对85例急性脑损伤患者的心功能异常情况进行分析。

结果

急性脑损伤组的LVD为(47.8±4.3)mm、LVV为(107.1±26.4)ml,均大于对照组的(45.8±3.3)mm、(98.5±18.8)ml,且差异均有统计学意义(t=2.57、2.33,P=0.02、0.02)。急性脑损伤组的LVEF为(54.7±8.2)%,较对照组的(60.9±6.38)%减低,且差异有统计学意义(t=-5.26,P=0.00)。2组间的E/A比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。急性脑损伤组85例患者中,7例(7/85,8.2%)左心室整体收缩功能减低(LVEF<50%),28例(28/85,32.9%)出现节段性室壁运动异常,2例(2/85,2.4%)表现为左心室整体球形扩大,收缩运动明显减弱。

结论

急性脑损伤患者并发左心室收缩功能异常的比例较高,应引起临床医师的重视,应用超声心动图对其进行评估可为临床诊疗方案的实施提供依据。

Objective

To evaluate the function of left ventricle in patients with acute brain injury.

Methods

Eighty-five patients with acute brain injury under the age of 50 were assessed by echocardiography in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), Craniocerebral Trauma Center, Beijing Chaoyang Emergency Medical Center from January 2015to October 2015. Assessed parameters of heart function included left ventricular diameter (LVD), left ventricular volume (LVV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and mitral valve E/A ratio. Seventy-four patients under the age of 50 who would undergo surgery for peripheral trauma or limb orthopedic operation at the same hospital were included as a control group.

Results

LVD and LVV in the acute brain injury group were significantly higher than those of the control group [LVD: (47.8±4.3) mm vs (45.8±3.3) mm, t=2.57, P=0.02; LVV: (107.1±26.4) mL vs (98.5±18.8) mL, t=2.33, P=0.02]. LVEF in the acute brain injury group was significantly lower than that of the control group [(54.7±8.2)% vs (60.9±6.38)%, t=-5.26, P=0.00]. E/A rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (P>0.05). In the acute brain injury group, 7 (7/85, 8.2%) cases had reduced (LVEF<50%), 28 (28/85, 32.9%) cases had regional wall motion abnormalities, and 2 (2/85, 2.4%) cases presented with ventricular global ballooning and hypokinesis (atypical Takotsubo cardiomyopathy).

Conclusion

Cardiac dysfunction after acute brain injury is not rare. Attention should be paid to this serious issue in clinical practice, and assessment of left ventricular function in these patients by echocardiography can provide valuable information for clinical management.

表1 急性脑损伤组和对照组的超声心动图参数比较(±s
图1 脑内血肿患者超声心动图及心电图表现。图a为入院超声心动图示左心室基底段中段球形增大;图b为入院心电图示心率增快,胸前导联及肢体导联均表现为T波低平,部分导联ST段下移;图c为入院超声心动图示左心室壁运动幅度普遍减弱;图d为入院超声心动图示左心室收缩功能减低;图e为入院2 d后超声心动图示左心室收缩功能较前好转,下壁运动恢复;图f为入院2周后超声心动图示左心室大小恢复正常,但左心室壁增厚;图g为入院2周后超声心动图示左心室收缩运动基本恢复,左心室壁增厚
图2 蛛网膜下腔出血患者超声心动图及心电图表现。图a为入院超声心动图示左心室形态饱满;图b为入院心电图示心率增快,胸前导联及肢体导联均表现为ST段下移;图c为入院超声心动图示左心室壁运动幅度普遍减弱,收缩功能减低;图d为入院5 d后超声心动图示左心室形态恢复正常;图e为入院5 d后超声心动图示左心室壁运动接近正常
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