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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (09) : 968 -975. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.09.017

腹部超声影像学

ACR CEUS LI-RADS和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准对高危人群肝细胞癌诊断价值的对比研究
徐琛1, 黄品同2,(), 陈继繁2, 张超2, 潘敏强2   
  1. 1. 310009 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院超声科;321000 浙江省金华市中心医院超声科
    2. 310009 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-05 出版日期:2022-09-01
  • 通信作者: 黄品同
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82030048)

Comparison between ACR CEUS LI-RADS and WFUMB-EFSUMB for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk patients

Chen Xu1, Pintong Huang2,(), Jifan Chen2, Chao Zhang2, Minqiang Pan2   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Department of Ultrasound, Jinhua Central Hospital, Jinhua 321000, China
    2. Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
  • Received:2021-10-05 Published:2022-09-01
  • Corresponding author: Pintong Huang
引用本文:

徐琛, 黄品同, 陈继繁, 张超, 潘敏强. ACR CEUS LI-RADS和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准对高危人群肝细胞癌诊断价值的对比研究[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(09): 968-975.

Chen Xu, Pintong Huang, Jifan Chen, Chao Zhang, Minqiang Pan. Comparison between ACR CEUS LI-RADS and WFUMB-EFSUMB for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(09): 968-975.

目的

比较美国放射学会超声造影肝脏影像报告和数据系统(ACR CEUS LI-RADS)和世界超声医学和生物学联合会-欧洲超声医学和生物学联合会(WFUMB-EFSUMB)肝脏超声造影指南对于高危人群肝细胞癌(HCC)的诊断效能。

方法

回顾性分析2018年3月至2020年12月在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院就诊的HCC高危患者319例(334个病灶),按照ACR CEUS LI-RADS 2017版和WFUMB-EFSUMB肝脏造影指南分类标准对334个病灶的超声造影视频进行判读,以手术或穿刺活检组织学病理、临床诊断及随访结果为参考标准,分析ACR CEUS LI-RADS各分级类别对HCC的诊断效能。分别计算ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准诊断HCC的敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线下面积,采用χ2检验及DeLong's检验进行诊断效能比较。计算两者联合诊断HCC的ROC曲线下面积,并分别与2种诊断标准的ROC曲线下面积进行比较。

结果

本研究纳入的334个肝脏病灶,按照ACR CEUS LI-RADS分类,LR-5类病灶114个,LR-4类病灶25个,LR-3类病灶12个,LR-M类病灶162个,每个分类诊断HCC的阳性预测值分别为93.9%、40.0%、16.7%、24.7%。ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类标准与WFUMB-EFSUMB标准诊断HCC的敏感度分别为66.9%、83.8%,特异度分别为96.0%、73.0%,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2=25.037、38.025,P均<0.001);2种标准诊断准确性比较(82.0% vs 78.1%),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.352,P=0.245);2种标准诊断HCC的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.814、0.784,差异无统计学意义(P=0.161)。两者联合诊断的ROC曲线下面积为0.857,与ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类及WFUMB-EFSUMB标准比较,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.001、<0.001)。

结论

ACR CEUS LI-RADS和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准对高危人群HCC的诊断均具有较高的价值。ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类标准和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准诊断HCC的效能类似。然而,2种标准在提供诊断信息时存在差异,ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类标准的诊断特异度更高,而WFUMB-EFSUMB标准的诊断敏感度更高,2种标准在一定程度上可以互补。

Objective

To compare the diagnostic value of the American College of Radiology contrast-enhanced ultrasound liver imaging reporting and data system (ACR CEUS LI-RADS) and the World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology-European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB-EFSUMB) guidelines for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk patients.

Methods

From March 2018 to December 2020, 319 patients (334 lesions) with a high risk of HCC at the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine were analyzed. CEUS videos of 334 lesions were interpreted according to the CEUS LI-RADS 2017 edition and WFUMB-EFSUMB classification criteria. Using surgery or biopsy histopathology, clinical diagnosis, and follow-up results as reference standards, the diagnostic efficacy of each classification of ACR CEUS LI-RADS for HCC was analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the ROC curve of ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5 and WFUMB-EFSUMB criteria in the diagnosis of HCC were calculated and compared by the chi-square test and DeLong's test. The area under the ROC curve of the combined diagnosis was also calculated and compared with that of either of them.

Results

Of the 334 liver lesions included, according to the ACR CEUS LI-RADS classification, there were 114 nodules in LR-5 category, 25 in LR-4, 12 in LR-3, and 162 in LR-M; their positive predictive values for the diagnosis of HCC were 93.9%, 40.0%, 16.7%, and 24.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5 and WFUMB-EFSUMB in the diagnosis of HCC were 66.9% vs 83.8% and 96.0% vs 73.0%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=25.037 and 38.025; P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy of the two criteria (82.0% vs 78.1%, χ2=1.352, P=0.245). The areas under the ROC curve were 0.814 and 0.784, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.161). The area under the ROC curve of the combined diagnosis of the two was 0.857, which was significantly higher than that of either of them (P=0.001 and <0.001, respectively).

Conclusion

Both ACR CEUS LI-RADS and WFUMB-EFSUMB criteria have high diagnostic value for HCC in high-risk patients. The diagnostic efficacy of ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5 and WFUMB-EFSUMB is similar. However, the information provided by the two criteria is different, with ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5 having a higher specificity and WFUMB-EFSUMB having a higher sensitivity. The two criteria can complement each other to a certain extent.

表1 ACR CEUS LI-RADS诊断标准参考表
表2 WFUMB-EFSUMB肝脏造影指南对常见肝脏肿瘤的诊断标准参考表
表3 肝细胞癌高危患者超声造影特征[%(个/个)]
表4 ACR CEUS LI-RADS标准及WFUMB-EFSUMB标准对病灶的分类情况[个(%)]
图1 乙型肝炎肝硬化患者,肝Ⅷ段病灶,大小为35.4 mm×36.8 mm,图a~d为常规二维超声及超声造影对比图。图a:常规二维超声显示肝Ⅷ段低回声结节,边界清晰;图b:超声造影动脉期病灶呈整体高增强;图c、d:延迟期,病灶轻度廓清。根据ACR CEUS LI-RADS分类标准,病灶归为LR-5类。WFUMB-EFSUMB肝脏造影指南诊断为肝细胞癌(HCC)。手术病理为HCC,Edmondson-Steiner Ⅰ级
图2 乙型肝炎肝硬化患者,肝Ⅳ段病灶,大小为48.2 mm×35.4 mm,图a~d为常规二维超声及超声造影对比图。图a:常规二维超声显示肝Ⅳ段低回声结节,边界清晰;图b:超声造影动脉期病灶呈整体高增强;图c:门脉早期(49 s)病灶出现廓清(早期廓清);图d:延迟期病灶呈轻度廓清。根据ACR CEUS LI-RADS分类标准,病灶归为LR-M类。WFUMB- EFSUMB肝脏造影指南诊断为肝细胞癌(HCC)。手术病理为HCC,Edmondson-Steiner Ⅲ级
图3 慢性乙型肝炎患者,肝Ⅶ段病灶,大小为33.1 mm×30.3 mm,图a~d为肝脏超声造影与常规二维超声对比图。图a:超声造影动脉期病灶呈整体高增强;图b:门脉期病灶仍呈整体高增强;图c、d:延迟期病灶呈稍高增强。ACR CEUS LI-RADS分类为LR-4类,WFUMB-EFSUMB肝脏造影指南诊断为局灶性结节性增生。手术病理为肝细胞癌,Edmondson-Steiner Ⅰ级
表5 ACR CUES LI-RADS标准各级类别对肝细胞癌病灶的诊断效能[%(个/个)]
表6 ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类标准及WFUMB-EFSUMB肝脏超声造影指南标准对肝细胞癌的诊断效能对比[%(个/个)]
图4 ACR CEUS LI-RADS(美国放射学会超声造影肝脏影像报告和数据系统)LR-5类和WFUMB-EFSUMB(世界超声医学和生物学联合会-欧洲超声医学和生物学联合会)标准及两者联合诊断肝细胞癌的受试者操作特征曲线图
表7 ACR CEUS LI-RADS LR-5类和WFUMB-EFSUMB标准联合诊断病灶情况[个(%)]
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