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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 1218 -1224. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.11.011

腹部超声影像学

肝细胞腺瘤与肝细胞癌超声造影特征对比
陈凯玲1, 张炜彬1, 毛枫1, 韩红1, 李超伦1, 董怡1, 王文平1,()   
  1. 1. 200032 上海,复旦大学附属中山医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2022-11-01
  • 通信作者: 王文平
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81571676); 上海市临床重点专科项目(shslczdzk03501); 上海市自然科学基金(19ZR1450700); 上海申康中心重大临床研究项目(SHDC2020CR1031B)

Comparison of contrast-enhanced ultrasound features between hepatocellular adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma

Kailing Chen1, Weibin Zhang1, Feng Mao1, Hong Han1, Chaolun Li1, Yi Dong1, Wenping Wang1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
  • Received:2021-01-21 Published:2022-11-01
  • Corresponding author: Wenping Wang
引用本文:

陈凯玲, 张炜彬, 毛枫, 韩红, 李超伦, 董怡, 王文平. 肝细胞腺瘤与肝细胞癌超声造影特征对比[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(11): 1218-1224.

Kailing Chen, Weibin Zhang, Feng Mao, Hong Han, Chaolun Li, Yi Dong, Wenping Wang. Comparison of contrast-enhanced ultrasound features between hepatocellular adenoma and hepatocellular carcinoma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(11): 1218-1224.

目的

对比分析肝细胞腺瘤(HCA)与肝细胞癌(HCC)的超声造影特征差异。

方法

回顾性分析2014年3月至2019年5月在复旦大学附属中山医院超声科行肝超声造影检查并经病理证实为HCA的30例(共30个病灶)及HCC的56例(共56个病灶)患者的超声造影资料,超声造影动脉期增强方式、包膜下增强血管影、门脉期及延迟期减退变化等方面的差异比较使用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法。采用诊断四格表评价超声造影征象诊断HCA和HCC的效能。

结果

HCA和HCC在动脉期均呈高增强,且主要表现为整体增强(86.7% vs 94.6%),两者在动脉期增强方式和达峰时均匀性方面比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。动脉期分别有43.3%(13/30)的HCA和8.9%(5/56)的HCC病灶见包膜下增强血管影(χ2=11.971,P=0.001)。在门脉期,HCA呈高增强或等增强的比例高于HCC(13.4%/0 vs 43.3%/17.9%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=15.605,P<0.001)。延迟期HCC呈低增强的比例高于HCA(92.9% vs 56.7%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=16.184,P<0.001)。以超声造影“动脉期高增强、门脉期及延迟期低增强”为依据诊断HCC,其敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为92.9%、80.0%、88.4%;以“动脉期高增强、门脉期及延迟期高增强或等增强”或“包膜下增强血管影”任何一种征象为依据诊断HCA,其敏感度、特异度、准确性分别为77.4%、89.1%、84.9%。

结论

HCA与HCC在超声造影动脉期包膜下增强血管影、门脉期及延迟期增强表现方面有差异,有助于两者的鉴别。

Objective

To compare the contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features between hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods

From March 2014 to May 2019, 30 HCA patients with 30 lesions and 56 HCC patients with 56 lesions that were detected by CEUS examination and then confirmed pathologically at the Department of Ultrasound of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. The differences in enhancement pattern in the arterial phase, subcapsular vessel hyperenhancement, and washout in the portal venous and delayed phases were compared by the Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. The efficacy of CEUS features in the diagnosis of HCA and HCC was evaluated by the four-grid diagnostic table method.

Results

All HCA and HCC lesions showed hyperenhancement in the arterial phase, and both types of lesions mainly manifested as diffuse filling pattern (86.7% vs 94.6%), with no statistically significant difference in enhancement pattern (P=0.417) or homogeneity at the peak time (P=0.483). Subcapsular vessel hyperenhancement was observed in 43.3% (13/30) of HCA and 8.9% (5/56) of HCC lesions (χ2=11.971, P=0.001). In the portal venous phase, HCA more often showed hyper-or iso-enhancement than HCC (13.4%/0 vs 43.3%/17.9%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=15.605, P<0.001). In the delayed phase, HCC more frequently exhibited hypo-enhancement than HCA (92.9% vs 56.7%, χ2=16.184, P<0.001). Based on "arterial hyper-enhancement and portal or delayed washout" on CEUS, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosis of HCC were 92.9%, 80.0%, and 88.4%, respectively. Based on either "arterial hyper-enhancement and sustained portal or delayed hyper- or iso-enhancement" or "subcapsular vessel hyperenhancement", the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosis of HCA were 77.4%, 89.1%, and 84.9%, respectively.

Conclusion

CEUS features of subcapsular vessel hyperenhancement in the arterial phase and enhancement pattern in the portal venous and delayed phases are different between HCA and HCC, which are helpful to distinguish HCA from HCC.

表1 HCA与HCC患者的临床病历资料比较
表2 HCA与HCC的常规超声特征
表3 HCA与HCC病灶的超声造影特征[个(%)]
图1 肝细胞腺瘤患者超声造影图像。图a:肝左叶见41 mm×37 mm稍高回声实质团块,边界清楚;图b:动脉期见病灶包膜下增强血管影(箭头所示);图c:动脉期病灶达峰时呈不均匀高回声增强;图d:门脉期病灶呈等回声增强;图e:延迟期病灶呈稍低回声增强
图2 肝细胞癌患者超声造影图像。图a:肝右前叶见15 mm×16 mm低回声实质团块,内回声不均匀,边界清晰;图b:动脉期该病灶呈整体均匀增强;门脉期(图c)及延迟期(图d)病灶减退呈低回声增强
表4 超声造影诊断HCC的四格表
表5 超声造影诊断HCA的四格表
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