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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 1238 -1243. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.11.014

泌尿生殖超声影像学

超声造影与多层增强螺旋CT对肾占位性病变诊断价值的对比研究
董湘如1, 初银珠1, 黎富新1, 张锋1, 张玉莹1, 吴长君1,()   
  1. 1. 150001 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院超声医学科
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-22 出版日期:2022-11-01
  • 通信作者: 吴长君

Comparative study of enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced helical CT in diagnosis of renal masses

Xiangru Dong1, Yinzhu Chu1, Fuxin Li1, Feng Zhang1, Yuying Zhang1, Changjun Wu1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
  • Received:2021-03-22 Published:2022-11-01
  • Corresponding author: Changjun Wu
引用本文:

董湘如, 初银珠, 黎富新, 张锋, 张玉莹, 吴长君. 超声造影与多层增强螺旋CT对肾占位性病变诊断价值的对比研究[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(11): 1238-1243.

Xiangru Dong, Yinzhu Chu, Fuxin Li, Feng Zhang, Yuying Zhang, Changjun Wu. Comparative study of enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced helical CT in diagnosis of renal masses[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(11): 1238-1243.

目的

比较超声造影(CEUS)与多层增强螺旋CT(CECT)对肾占位性病变良恶性的诊断价值。

方法

回顾性分析2020年9月至2021年3月于哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院就诊,经病理证实为肾占位性病变的患者48例,均行CEUS及CECT检查,CEUS应用造影剂示卓安(Sonazoid)。以病理结果为金标准,将其分成良性组(10例)及恶性组(38例),采用χ2检验比较2种影像学检查的诊断效能及恶性增强征象在CEUS及CECT中显示率的差异,统计CEUS中正常肾实质增强持续时间。

结果

高增强、不均匀强化、快进、快出等征象对判断肾恶性肿瘤具有诊断价值。其中高增强在CEUS中的显示率优于CECT(92.11% vs 73.68%),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=4.547,P=0.033)。CEUS对肾肿瘤定性诊断具有较高的应用价值,其准确性及特异度高于CECT(95.83% vs 93.75%;90.00% vs 80.00%),敏感度与CECT一致(97.37% vs 97.37%),差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。Sonazoid-CEUS在正常肾实质的增强持续时间为(6.43±1.20)min,其中34例(70.83%,34/48)患者显像时间超过7 min。

结论

应用示卓安进行CEUS延长了肾肿瘤及肾实质的增强时间,在评估肾肿瘤良恶性方面具有与CECT相似的诊断效能。

Objective

To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced helical computed tomography (CECT) and enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating benign and malignant renal masses.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed 48 patients with renal masses diagnosed by pathology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2020 to March 2021, all of whom underwent CEUS and CECT examinations, and CEUS with Sonazoid. These patients were divided into either a benign group (n=10) or a malignant group (n=38) according to the pathological results. The diagnostic efficacy of the two imaging methods and the difference in the detection rates of malignant enhancement signs between them were compared by χ2 test. The mean enhancement duration of Sonazoid-CEUS in normal renal parenchyma was statistically calculated.

Results

Hyper-enhancement, inhomogeneous enhancement, fast fill in, and fast wash out showed higher diagnostic value in renal malignant tumors. The positive rate of "hyper-enhancement" in CEUS was obviously higher than that in CECT (92.11% vs 73.68%, χ2=4.547, P=0.33). CEUS had high application value in the diagnosis of benign and malignant renal tumors. The accuracy and specificity of CEUS were higher than those of CECT (95.83% vs 93.75%; 90.00% vs 80.00%), and its sensitivity was the same as that of CECT (97.37% vs 97.37%), the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The mean duration of Sonazoid-CEUS enhancement in normal renal parenchyma was (6.43±1.20) min, with 34 patients (70.83%, 34/48) exceeding 7 min.

Conclusion

CEUS with Sonazoid prolongs the enhancement time of renal tumors and renal parenchyma. It has similar diagnostic efficacy to CECT in the assessment of benign and malignant renal tumors.

图1 50岁女性患者,左肾中上部背侧实性肿瘤,最大直径为5.17 cm,术后病理证实为透明细胞癌。图a:超声造影(CEUS)示皮质期(27 s)肿瘤不均匀高增强,周边环形增强;图b:CEUS示实质期(64 s)肿瘤增强强度减退,与肾皮质增强强度相等,中心部无增强区域扩大;图c:CEUS示排泄期(7 min 24 s)肿瘤内造影剂消退,肾皮质及髓质内仍呈低-等增强;图d(皮质期)、图e(实质期)、图f(排泄期):CECT示肿瘤不均匀等增强,内部可见大片坏死区域,快进慢出,三期CT值分别为75 Hu、67 Hu、55 Hu,平扫期CT值为42.3 Hu
图2 63岁女性患者,左肾中部背侧实性肿瘤,最大直径为3.69 cm,术后病理证实为血管平滑肌脂肪瘤。图a:超声造影(CEUS)示皮质期(17 s)肿瘤均匀增强,增强强度低于肾实质;图b:CEUS-实质期(97 s)肿瘤增强强度减退,仍呈低增强;图c:CEUS示排泄期(7 min)肿瘤轻度强化,周围肾实质强化仍然明显;图d(皮质期)、图e(实质期)、图f(排泄期):CECT示肾肿瘤三期未见明显增强,三期CT值分别为-66.8 Hu、-70.6 Hu、-71.4 Hu,平扫期CT值-74.9 Hu
表1 CEUS及CECT对肾肿瘤良恶性诊断结果与病理结果对照
表2 CEUS及CECT判断肾肿瘤良恶性的诊断效能[%(例/例)]
表3 CEUS与CECT恶性征象显示率的比较[例(%)]
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