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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (04) : 368 -373. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.04.013

外周血管超声影像学

超声造影在评估颞浅动脉巨细胞动脉炎患者临床分期中的应用价值
顾乡1, 田喜元1, 贲志飞2,()   
  1. 1. 315211 宁波大学医学部
    2. 315010 宁波市第二医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-28 出版日期:2025-04-01
  • 通信作者: 贲志飞

Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating clinical stage of patients with temporal artery giant cell arteritis

Xiang Gu1, Xiyuan Tian1, Zhifei Ben2,()   

  1. 1. School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
    2. Department of Ultrasound, Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China
  • Received:2024-12-28 Published:2025-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Zhifei Ben
引用本文:

顾乡, 田喜元, 贲志飞. 超声造影在评估颞浅动脉巨细胞动脉炎患者临床分期中的应用价值[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(04): 368-373.

Xiang Gu, Xiyuan Tian, Zhifei Ben. Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in evaluating clinical stage of patients with temporal artery giant cell arteritis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(04): 368-373.

目的

探讨超声造影(CEUS)在评估颞浅动脉巨细胞动脉炎(GCA)患者临床分期中的应用价值。

方法

收集2020 年1 月至2024 年3 月宁波市第二医院临床诊断为颞浅动脉GCA的患者87 例,根据美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)制定的标准,将患者分为活动期和非活动期。所有患者均行血液炎性指标检测、颞浅动脉常规超声和CEUS 检查,比较分析活动期与非活动期患者的血液炎性指标、颞浅动脉常规超声和CEUS 检查各项参数的差异,以及不同CEUS 分级患者的各项指标参数。分析活动期患者在治疗前后各项检查参数的变化情况,以及活动期患者管壁内中膜厚度(IMT)和CEUS 分级与C 反应蛋白(CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)和单核细胞的相关性。

结果

纳入的87 例患者中,颞浅动脉GCA 活动期患者72 例,非活动期患者15 例,两组患者的血液CRP、ESR、IMT 和CEUS 分级差异有统计学意义(t=8.976、9.029、3.324,χ2=12.135,P 均<0.05)。不同CEUS 分级之间的CRP、ESR、单核细胞和IMT 的差异具有统计学意义(F=32.978、81.550、6.432、21.664,P 均<0.05)。以CEUS 分级≥2 级作为评价颞浅动脉GCA 活动期的标准,其诊断的敏感度和特异度分别为75%和100%。在颞浅动脉GCA 活动期患者中,CEUS 分级与CRP 呈中度正相关(r=0.72,P<0.001)、与ESR 呈显著正相关(r=0.846,P<0.001)。颞浅动脉GCA 活动期患者治疗前CEUS 分级越高,治疗后CRP 和ESR 下降越明显(F=36.653、98.279,P<0.001),而IMT 变化的差异无统计学意义(H=20.465,P>0.05)。

结论

CEUS 可准确评估颞浅动脉GCA 临床分期及其炎症程度,为指导临床及时调整治疗方案,改善颞浅动脉GCA 患者预后提供影像学依据。

Objective

To explore the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluating the clinical stage of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) of superficial temporal arteries.

Methods

From January 2020 to March 2024, 87 patients clinically diagnosed with GCA at Ningbo No.2 Hospital were enrolled.According to the criteria established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), patients were categorized into active and inactive groups.All patients underwent blood inflammatory index testing, routine temporal artery ultrasound, and CEUS examinations.The differences in blood inflammatory indices, routine temporal artery ultrasound parameters, and CEUS parameters between patients in the active and inactive groups were comparatively analyzed, as well as the various parameters among patients with different CEUS grades.The changes in various parameters before and after treatment in patients in the active phase were analyzed, along with the correlations between the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the vessel wall, CEUS grade, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and monocytes in patients in the active phase.

Results

Among the 87 patients, 72 were in the active phase of GCA and 15 were in the inactive phase.The differences in CRP, ESR, IMT, and CEUS grade between the two groups were statistically significant (t=8.976, 9.029, and 3.324, and χ2=12.135, respectively, all P<0.05).The differences in CRP, ESR,monocytes, and IMT among different CEUS grades were statistically significant (F=32.978, 81.550, 6.432,and 21.664, respectively, all P<0.05).Using CEUS grade ≥ 2 as the criterion for evaluating the active phase of GCA, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 75% and 100%, respectively.In patients with active GCA, CEUS grade was moderately positively correlated with CRP (r=0.72, P<0.001) and significantly positively correlated with ESR (r=0.846, P<0.001).In patients with active temporal artery GCA, the higher the CEUS grade before treatment, the more significant the decrease in CRP and ESR after treatment(F=36.653 and 98.279, respectively, P<0.001), while IMT had no significant difference (H=20.465, P>0.05).

Conclusion

CEUS can accurately assess the clinical stages and the degree of inflammation of GCA,providing imaging evidence to guide timely adjustment of clinical treatment plans and improve the prognosis of patients with temporal artery GCA.

图1 颞浅动脉巨细胞动脉炎患者的不同超声造影表现。图a 显示管壁内未见明显造影剂灌注,评级为0 级;图b 为管壁内造影剂呈少许点状灌注,评级为1 级;图c 显示管壁内较密集点状灌注,评级为2 级;图d 显示管壁内造影剂呈弥漫性点、线状灌注,评级为3 级(★示管腔,白色箭头示颞浅动脉增厚的内中膜)
表1 颞浅动脉GCA 活动期与非活动期患者的一般临床资料和超声检查结果比较
表2 不同CEUS 分级患者的一般临床资料及超声检查结果比较(±s
表3 不同CEUS 分级的颞浅动脉GCA 活动期患者在治疗前后CRP、ESR 和IMT 变化的绝对值比较
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