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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (04) : 307 -315. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2026.04.007

介入超声影像学

热平衡术式在经皮子宫肌瘤微波消融治疗中的疗效评价
王博逸, 黄斌(), 孙希希, 洪勇强, 吴圣波, 王涵, 亓倩倩   
  1. 310000 浙江杭州,浙江医院超声医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-20 出版日期:2026-04-01
  • 通信作者: 黄斌

Efficacy of the heat balance technique in percutaneous microwave ablation for uterine fibroids

Boyi Wang, Bin Huang(), Xixi Sun, Yongqiang Hong, Shengbo Wu, Han Wang, Qianqian Qi   

  1. Ultrasound Medical Center, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
  • Received:2025-09-20 Published:2026-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Bin Huang
引用本文:

王博逸, 黄斌, 孙希希, 洪勇强, 吴圣波, 王涵, 亓倩倩. 热平衡术式在经皮子宫肌瘤微波消融治疗中的疗效评价[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2026, 23(04): 307-315.

Boyi Wang, Bin Huang, Xixi Sun, Yongqiang Hong, Shengbo Wu, Han Wang, Qianqian Qi. Efficacy of the heat balance technique in percutaneous microwave ablation for uterine fibroids[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2026, 23(04): 307-315.

目的

评价热平衡术式在经皮子宫肌瘤微波消融治疗中的临床应用效果,并与传统单针多点多切面消融法进行对比。

方法

回顾性分析2024年1月至2025年1月在浙江医院接受经皮微波消融治疗的40例子宫肌瘤患者。根据采用的消融术式,将患者分为热平衡术式组(20例)和单针多点多切面消融组(20例)。采用单因素分析方法(独立样本t检验、U检验)比较2组患者的布针次数、消融时间、手术时间、消融范围、术后6个月子宫肌瘤体积缩小率、并发症发生情况及临床症状相关指标(子宫肌瘤体积、血红蛋白浓度和子宫肌瘤症状及健康相关生活质量评分)改善情况的差异。

结果

热平衡术式组布针次数少于单针多点多切面消融组[1.00(1.00,2.00)次vs 5.00(4.00,6.25)次],消融时间和手术时间短于单针多点多切面消融组[7.00(6.00,9.25)min vs 30.00(22.00,35.00)min;(37.65±2.37)min vs(60.80±7.76)min],差异具有统计学意义(Z=-5.526,P<0.001;Z=-5.430,P<0.001;t=-12.765,P<0.001)。2组患者消融范围[(93.25%±2.63%)vs(93.40%±4.66%)]及术后6个月体积缩小率[72.13%(67.96%,75.76%)vs 74.72%(66.63%,78.12%)]比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组患者术后均无严重并发症发生。2组术后子宫肌瘤体积缩小、血红蛋白浓度增加、子宫肌瘤症状及健康相关生活质量评分降低,临床症状较术前显著改善(P<0.05)。

结论

热平衡术式在经皮微波消融治疗子宫肌瘤中具有显著优势,可减少布针次数、缩短消融时间和手术时间,同时在短期疗效中,消融范围和术后疗效与传统单针多点多切面消融法相当。

Objective

To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of the heat balance (HB) technique in percutaneous microwave ablation (PMWA) for uterine fibroids by comparing with the conventional single-needle, multi-point, multi-plane ablation method.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 40 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids who underwent PMWA at Zhejiang Hospital between January 2024 and January 2025. The patients were divided into a study group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). Comparison metrics included the number of needle insertions, ablation time, operation time, ablation coverage, volume reduction rate (VRR) at 6 months postoperatively, incidence of complications, and improvement in clinical symptoms [uterine fibroid volume, hemoglobin concentration, uterine fibroid symptoms, and health-related quality of life (UFS-QoL) score], all evaluated using a single-factor analysis method (independent sample t-test or U-test).

Results

The study group required significantly fewer needle insertions [1.00 (1.00, 2.00) vs 5.00 (4.00, 6.25), Z=-5.526, P<0.001], shorter ablation time [7.00 (6.00, 9.25) min vs 30.00 (22.00, 35.00) min, Z=-5.430, P<0.001], and shorter total procedural time [(37.65±2.37) min vs (60.80±7.76) min, t=-12.765, P<0.001] than the control group. No significant differences were observed between the two groups in ablation ratio (93.25%±2.63% vs 93.40%±4.66%, P>0.05) or six-month VRR [72.13% (67.96%, 75.76%) vs 74.72% (66.63%, 78.12%), P>0.05]. No major complications occurred in either group. Both groups showed significant improvements in hemoglobin concentration and UFS-QoL scores post-treatment (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The HB technique achieves comparable short-term therapeutic efficacy to the conventional method while substantially reducing the number of needle insertions and procedural time, representing a faster, safer, and more efficient approach for PMWA of uterine fibroids.

图1 子宫肌瘤消融治疗热平衡术式操作流程。图a:术前评估子宫肌瘤位置、大小,肌瘤临近宫颈管与肠管。图b:将消融针置于假包膜1~2 cm处。图c:可见气化沿假包膜扩散至肌瘤10点钟位置(红色箭头)。图d:可见气化沿着假包膜扩散至肌瘤1点钟位置(红色箭头)。图e:整个肌瘤完成消融。图f:术后造影评估消融范围,整个肌瘤基本呈无增强,未损伤周边正常子宫组织,红色箭头所示无增强区是该肌瘤突出的部分 注:UF为子宫肌瘤;CC为宫颈管;Blad为膀胱;Uter为子宫;Int为肠管
图2 子宫肌瘤2种消融方式原理示意图。图a为热平衡术式:微波消融针平行布于肌瘤内靠近子宫肌层较厚的一侧,距假包膜1~2 cm,针尖远端距包膜约0.5 cm。消融时,a侧存在假包膜阻挡热量外溢,导致热量积聚形成相对高温区,为避免a侧热量过高损伤a侧假包膜及正常子宫组织,每消融1~3 min暂停10 s,以控制温度。根据热力学第二定律,热量会从相对高温区流向相对低温区,直到达到热量平衡,因此热量沿着假包膜传导至对侧假包膜处;b侧远离假包膜,热量向低温区传导。图b为单针多点多切面消融法:黄色椭圆形为单次布针消融范围,经过多次布针消融后,多个消融范围叠加覆盖整个肌瘤
表1 不同消融治疗方式组子宫平滑肌瘤患者基线资料比较
表2 不同消融治疗方式组子宫平滑肌瘤患者组内治疗前后临床症状相关指标比较[
± s/MQ1Q3)]
图3 热平衡术式在经皮子宫平滑肌瘤微波消融治疗中的效果。图a、b、c分别为术前、术后即刻、术后6个月超声表现,图d、e、f分别为术前、术后即刻、术后6个月超声造影表现
表3 不同消融治疗方式组子宫平滑肌瘤患者消融指标比较
表4 不同消融治疗方式组子宫平滑肌瘤患者术后并发症比较(例)
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