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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (07) : 570 -578. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2026.07.004

妇产科超声影像学

应用胎儿心脏定量技术分析妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎儿心脏几何重塑及右心室功能改变
胡文静1, 王明玥2, 卞金燕2, 丁金2, 刘文2, 顾欣贤1,†()   
  1. 1 215000 苏州,苏州大学附属第四医院超声科
    2 215006 苏州,苏州大学附属第一医院妇产科
  • 收稿日期:2026-02-16 出版日期:2026-07-01
  • 通信作者: 顾欣贤
  • 基金资助:
    苏州市医工结合(协同创新研究)项目(SZM2023022)

Fetal heart quantification for evaluating cardiac geometric remodeling and right ventricular function in fetuses with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Wenjing Hu1, Mingyue Wang2, Jinyan Bian2, Jin Ding2, Wen Liu2, Xinxian Gu1,†()   

  1. 1 Department of Ultrasound, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
    2 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
  • Received:2026-02-16 Published:2026-07-01
  • Corresponding author: Xinxian Gu
引用本文:

胡文静, 王明玥, 卞金燕, 丁金, 刘文, 顾欣贤. 应用胎儿心脏定量技术分析妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎儿心脏几何重塑及右心室功能改变[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2026, 23(07): 570-578.

Wenjing Hu, Mingyue Wang, Jinyan Bian, Jin Ding, Wen Liu, Xinxian Gu. Fetal heart quantification for evaluating cardiac geometric remodeling and right ventricular function in fetuses with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2026, 23(07): 570-578.

目的

探讨应用胎儿心脏定量(Fetal HQ)技术评估妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)孕妇胎儿心脏几何重塑及右心室收缩功能改变的特征,并分析其在识别HDP相关胎儿心脏亚临床受损中的应用价值。

方法

选取2021年3月至2024年9月在苏州大学附属第一医院行产前超声检查的HDP孕妇为HDP组(n=135),以同期孕周匹配的正常妊娠孕妇为对照组(n=135)。从HDP组中排除妊娠合并慢性高血压患者30例,最终选取妊娠期高血压(GH)及子痫前期患者105例,将其分为GH亚组39例、轻度子痫前期(mPE)亚组26例和重度子痫前期(sPE)亚组40例。使用Fetal HQ软件分析胎儿标准四腔心切面动态视频,获取整体球形指数(GSI)、左/右心室舒张末期面积、整体纵向应变(GLS)、面积变化分数(FAC)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)及24节段舒张末期内径(EDD)、球形指数(SI)和短轴缩短率(FS)等参数。采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验比较2组间各心脏参数的差异,采用单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较3个亚组间心脏参数的差异;整体参数采用Bonferroni校正,节段参数采用Benjamini-Hochberg法校正。采用组内相关系数(ICC)评估观察者间和观察者内胎儿心脏参数的测量一致性。

结果

与对照组相比,HDP组胎儿心脏GSI显著降低[1.11(1.08,1.14)vs 1.13(1.10,1.17),校正后P<0.05];左心室第1~4及8~12节段、右心室第1~2节段SI亦显著降低(校正后P均<0.05),左心室受累更广泛。左心室整体收缩功能(GLS、FAC、LVEF)2组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(校正后P均>0.05);右心室FAC更低[(36.06±6.24)% vs(38.09±5.66)%,校正后P<0.05],右心室第3~24节段FS广泛降低(校正后P均<0.05)。一致性检验显示,整体参数ICC范围为0.776~0.997,节段参数ICC大多≥0.85。亚组分析显示,校正孕周后,GH亚组、mPE亚组、sPE亚组3组间GSI及右心室第3~24节段FS均值比较,差异均无统计学意义(校正后P均>0.05)。

结论

HDP孕妇胎儿表现出特征性的非均匀心脏几何重塑及以右心室为主的收缩功能受损。Fetal HQ技术通过整合几何重塑与节段功能参数的多参数分析,有助于捕捉亚临床期的胎儿心脏受累,为HDP孕妇胎儿心脏改变的客观量化提供了新的视角。

Objective

To investigate the clinical value of fetal heart quantification (Fetal HQ) technology in evaluating fetal cardiac geometric remodeling and right ventricular systolic functional alterations in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), and to assess its utility in identifying subclinical fetal myocardial impairment associated with HDP.

Methods

This study prospectively enrolled 135 fetuses from pregnant women with HDP who underwent prenatal ultrasound examinations at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between March 2021 and September 2024, along with 135 gestational age-matched normal fetuses from routine prenatal examinations as controls. Thirty patients with chronic hypertension were excluded from the HDP group, resulting in a final cohort of 105 cases, which were subdivided into three subgroups: gestational hypertension (GH, n=39), mild preeclampsia (mPE, n=26), and severe preeclampsia (sPE, n=40). Fetal HQ software was employed to analyze standard four-chamber view dynamic videos, yielding the global spherical index (GSI), left and right ventricular end-diastolic areas, global longitudinal strain (GLS), fractional area change (FAC), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), as well as 24-segment end-diastolic diameter (EDD), spherical index (SI), and fractional shortening (FS). Intergroup differences in cardiac parameters between the HDP and control groups were compared using the independent samples t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, while comparisons among the three HDP subgroups were performed using one-way ANOVA or the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The Bonferroni correction was applied for global parameters, and the Benjamini-Hochberg method was used for segment-specific parameters. Intra- and inter-observer measurement consistency was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results

Compared with the control group, the HDP group exhibited a significantly lower GSI [1.11 (1.08, 1.14) vs 1.13 (1.10, 1.17), adjusted P<0.05]. Segmental SI was also significantly decreased in left ventricular segments 1-4 and 8-12, as well as in right ventricular segments 1-2 (all adjusted P<0.05), with more extensive involvement observed in the left ventricle. No significant differences were found between the two groups in left ventricular global systolic function parameters, including GLS, FAC, and LVEF (all adjusted P>0.05). However, right ventricular FAC was significantly reduced in the HDP group [(36.06±6.24)% vs (38.09±5.66)%, adjusted P<0.05], and FS was widely decreased in right ventricular segments 3-24 (all adjusted P<0.05). Repeatability analysis demonstrated that the ICCs for global parameters ranged from 0.776 to 0.997, and most segmental parameters exhibited ICCs ≥ 0.85. Subgroup analysis, after adjustment for gestational age, revealed no significant differences in GSI or mean right ventricular FS among the GH, mPE, and sPE groups (both adjusted P>0.05).

Conclusion

Fetuses of mothers with HDP demonstrate characteristic non-uniform cardiac geometric remodeling and right ventricle-dominant systolic dysfunction. The multi-parameter analysis integrating geometric remodeling and segmental functional parameters via Fetal HQ technology facilitates the detection of subclinical fetal myocardial involvement and offers a novel perspective for the objective quantification of HDP-related fetal cardiac changes.

图1 胎儿心脏定量分析整体报告界面图,可动态显示心动周期内左右心室心内膜边界的运动,并直观显示胎儿心脏左右心室整体参数
图2 胎儿心脏定量技术心室节段分析界面图,直观显示左右心室24节段的大小、形态和功能情况
表1 2组孕妇一般临床资料比较
表2 2组研究对象胎儿心脏整体参数比较
图3 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组左心室24节段舒张末期内径(EDD)比较结果显示,各节段EDD差异均无统计学意义(经校正,q>0.05)
图4 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组右心室24节段舒张末期内径(EDD)的比较结果显示,各节段EDD差异均无统计学意义(经校正,q>0.05)
图5 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组左心室24节段球形指数(SI)的比较结果。a表示与对照组相比,HDP组对应节段SI差异具有统计学意义(经校正,q均<0.05);其余各节段的SI差异均无统计学意义(q均>0.05)
图6 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组右心室24节段球形指数(SI)的比较结果。a表示与对照组相比,HDP组对应节段SI差异具有统计学意义(经校正,q均<0.05);其余各节段的SI差异均无统计学意义(q均>0.05)
图7 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组右心室24节段短轴缩短率(FS)比较结果。a表示与对照组相比,HDP组对应节段FS差异具有统计学意义(经校正,q均<0.05);其余各节段的FS差异均无统计学意义(q均>0.05)
图8 对照组与妊娠期高血压疾病(HDP)组左心室24节段短轴缩短率(FS)的比较结果。HDP组与对照组之间各节段的FS差异均无统计学意义(经校正,q均>0.05)
表3 不同严重程度妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎儿心脏参数的比较
表4 妊娠期高血压疾病孕妇胎儿心脏整体参数的重复性检验结果
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