To assess the application value of high-frequency ultrasound in the evacuation of superficial soft tissue hematomas of the extremities.

Twenty-nine patients with superficial soft tissue hematoma of the extremities who were treated at Huzhou T.C.M Hospital from February 2019 to December 2020 were analyzed. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided hematoma evacuation. The patients underwent ultrasonography before surgery, 1 week after surgery, and 1 month after surgery, and then the rate of hematoma volume reduction was calculated.The surgical decompression effect, postoperative complications, and preoperative and postoperative numerical rating scale (NRS) pain scores were analyzed.

Preoperative ultrasound showed that the hematoma volume ranged from 6~109.4 ml (median, 16.2 ml), and the hematoma volume decreased to 0.8~15.9 ml (median, 4.7 ml) 1 week after the operation. The average volume reduction rate was (73.8±10.2)%; 55.2% (16/29) achieved moderate decompression, 44.8% (13/29) achieved complete decompression, and 10.3% (3/29) achieved clinical cure. One month after operation, the hematoma volume was further reduced compared with that before operation, with an average volume reduction rate of (95.5±3.5) %. All patients were completely decompressed, and 93.1% (27/29) of them were clinically cured. The average NRS pain scores were (3.5±1.5) points preoperatively, 0-3 points (median, 1 point) immediately after operation, and 0-1 points (median 0 points) 1 month after operation. Some patients experienced slight numbness of the limbs (13.8%) and swelling of affected limbs (20.7%) within 1 month after operation, and the above symptoms were significantly relieved or completely disappeared 1 month after operation. There were no complications such as infection, skin necrosis, and deep vein thrombosis of affected limbs in all patients.

Hematoma evacuation under the guidance of high frequency ultrasound is a safe and effective treatment method, which is an effective supplement to the current treatment methods and has a good clinical application prospect.