To analyze and summarize the ultrasonographic, clinicopathologic, and prognostic features of ovarian yolk sac tumor (OYST).

Ten patients with OYST confirmed by ultrasonography at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University Medical School from January 2010 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical data of the patients were recorded. Ultrasonographic characteristics, pathological results, tumor stage, treatment, and prognosis were also recorded. The ultrasonographic characteristics of each case were analyzed to identify the main or specific ultrasonographic characteristics indicating OYST.

The patients with OYST were young (≤30 years old) and had large masses (maximum diameter 94~265 mm). The internal echo was mainly solid; the tumor was usually unilateral and regular in shape, and had abundant blood flow signal. There was often an abnormal increase of alpha-fetoprotein (＞1000 ng/ml). All the ten OYST patients underwent surgical treatment, among which one died after surgery due to systemic tumor metastasis accompanied by pelvic abscess, one with pregnancy gave birth to a healthy baby, two having stage ⅢA disease died, and two having stage ⅢC and six with stage ⅠC disease had disease-free survival, among which six had preserved fertility function and returned to normal menstruation within 3 months after chemotherapy, and six gave birth to healthy children.

OYST has some specific ultrasonic signs, and identification of its sonographic features combined with related clinical and laboratory examinations is of great importance for preoperative evaluation of this disease.