To analyze the correlation of the lung ultrasound score (LUS) with X-ray classification and clinical indicators in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) , and to explore the diagnostic value of pulmonary ultrasound for NRDS.

From May 2016 to June 2017, 80 newborns who underwent lung ultrasound examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were collected in this study, including 44 cases of NRDS. The difference between the score of anterior chest wall and posterior chest wall was analyzed by independent sample t test. LUS and X-ray grading were analyzed by Spearman correlation. The correlation between LUS and oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂) and positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.

The total LUS in 44 cases was (18.89±10.43), and LUS of the posterior wall of the chest was (8.59±3.14), which was significantly higher than that of the anterior chest wall (4.70±3.90). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between LUS and X-ray grading (r=0.924, P<0.05). The total LUS was negatively correlated with oxygenation index (r=-0.524, P<0.01), while positively correlated with PEEP (r=0.662, P<0.01).

Pulmonary ultrasound is of value in the diagnosis of NRDS. LUS is positively correlated with the X-ray classification, which is an important supplement for the diagnosis of NRDS.