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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2017, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (05) : 386 -393. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2017.05.011

所属专题: 文献

腹部超声影像学

超声造影与增强磁共振成像对具有慢性肝病背景≤3 cm肝细胞癌的诊断效能比较
李锐1,(), 杨丹1, 唐春霖1, 张琳2, 黎海涛2, 郭德玉3   
  1. 1. 400038 重庆,第三军医大学西南医院超声科
    2. 400038 重庆,第三军医大学西南医院放射科
    3. 400038 重庆,第三军医大学西南医院病理科
  • 收稿日期:2016-08-07 出版日期:2017-05-01
  • 通信作者: 李锐

Comparison of the diagnostic value of hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3 cm in diameter in patients with chronic liver disease between contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging

Rui Li1,(), Dan Yang1, Chunlin Tang1, Lin Zhang2, Haitao Li2, Deyu Guo3   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasonography, Sounthwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
    2. Department of Radiology, Sounthwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
    3. Department of Pathology, Sounthwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
  • Received:2016-08-07 Published:2017-05-01
  • Corresponding author: Rui Li
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Li Rui, Email:
引用本文:

李锐, 杨丹, 唐春霖, 张琳, 黎海涛, 郭德玉. 超声造影与增强磁共振成像对具有慢性肝病背景≤3 cm肝细胞癌的诊断效能比较[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2017, 14(05): 386-393.

Rui Li, Dan Yang, Chunlin Tang, Lin Zhang, Haitao Li, Deyu Guo. Comparison of the diagnostic value of hepatocellular carcinoma ≤ 3 cm in diameter in patients with chronic liver disease between contrast-enhanced ultrasound and gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2017, 14(05): 386-393.

目的

比较超声造影与增强磁共振成像在具有肝硬化或慢性乙型肝炎背景的患者中诊断≤3 cm肝细胞癌的能力。

方法

选择2005年1月至2016年5月在第三军医大学西南医院行超声造影及增强磁共振成像检查发现单个肝脏结节且结节最大径≤3 cm并具有肝硬化或慢性乙型肝炎背景的患者92例。所有患者均经手术病理证实。以手术病理结果作为诊断"金标准",计算超声造影、增强磁共振成像及超声造影联合增强磁共振成像诊断≤3 cm肝细胞癌的敏感度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值,并采用χ2检验或Fisher确切概率法进行比较。

结果

92例患者中,肝细胞癌82例,非肝细胞癌10例。超声造影诊断肝细胞癌的敏感度和特异度分别为79.2%(65/82)及70.0%(7/10),与增强磁共振成像的74.4%(61/82)及70.0%(7/10)比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.548,P=0.459;P=1.000,采用Fisher确切概率法)。超声造影及增强磁共振成像同时满足诊断标准,诊断肝细胞癌的敏感度为61.0%(50/82),低于单独应用超声造影,且差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.548,P=0.010);诊断肝细胞癌的特异度为80.0%(8/10),与单独应用超声造影比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000,采用Fisher确切概率法)。超声造影或增强磁共振成像满足诊断标准,诊断肝细胞癌的敏感度为92.7%(76/82),均高于单独应用超声造影或增强磁共振成像,且差异均有统计学意义(χ2=6.119,P=0.013;χ2=9.976,P=0.002);诊断肝细胞癌的特异度为60.0%(6/10),与单独应用超声造影或增强磁共振成像比较差异均无统计学意义(P均为1.000,均采用Fisher确切概率法)。

结论

对于具有肝硬化或慢性乙型肝炎背景的患者,单独应用超声造影对≤3 cm肝细胞癌的诊断能力与单独应用增强磁共振成像相当。联合应用超声造影与增强磁共振成像,可显著提高肝细胞癌的诊断敏感度,但并不能显著提高诊断特异度。

Objective

To compare the diagnostic ability of gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ≤3 cm in diameter in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B.

Methods

Ninty-two cases with single focal liver lesion ≤3 cm who underwent CEUS and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI in Southwest Hospital Affiliated to Third Military Medical University were enrolled in the study. And all cases were diagnosed with hepatic cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B. Pathology was the golden standard and all cases were diagnosed pathologically by surgical operation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate of the diagnosis of small HCC by CEUS, Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI and CEUS combined with Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI were calculated and compared with χ2 test or Fisher exact probability.

Results

Of the 92 cases, 82 cases were diagnosed as HCC and the other 10 cases were diagnosed as non-HCC. The sensitivity and the specificity for the diagnosis of HCC was 79.2% (65/82) and 70.0% (7/10) of CEUS alone and was comparable with that of Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI [74.4% (61/82) vs 70.0% (7/10)] alone (χ2=0.548, P=0.459; P=1.000). When both CEUS and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI met the diagnostic criteria for HCC, the sensitivity was lower [61.0% (60/82), P=0.010] than that of CEUS alone, and the specificity [80.0% (8/10), P=1.000] was not statistically different from that of CEUS alone. When CEUS or Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI met the diagnostic criteria for HCC, the sensitivity [92.7% (76/82)] was higher than that of CEUS alone (χ2=6.119, P=0.013) or Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI alone (χ2=9.972, P=0.002), and the specificity [60.0% (6/10) ] was not statistically different from that of CEUS alone (P=1.000) or by Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI alone (P=1.000).

Conclusions

In patients with cirrhosis or chronic hepatitis B, the diagnostic ability of HCC≤ 3cm in diameter by CEUS alone was comparable to that by Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI alone. Combination of CEUS and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI may increase the sensitivity for the diagnosis of HCC, but the specificity not statistically improved.

图1~8 超声造影及增强磁共振成像均诊断为肝细胞癌。常规超声检查示肝右叶内可见直径约2.5 cm的低回声病灶(图1),超声造影动脉相(16 s)为整体高增强(图2,箭头所示),门脉相(100 s)为稍低增强(图3,箭头所示),延迟相(142 s)为明显低增强(图4,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征;T1WI肝右叶内可见一稍低信号结节,边界清(图5,箭头所示),动脉期为不均匀高增强(图6,箭头所示),门脉期为低增强(图7,箭头所示),肝胆期病灶内未见对比剂分泌(图8,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征。手术切除病理证实为(中分化)肝细胞癌
图9~16 超声造影诊断为肝细胞癌,增强磁共振成像诊断为非肝细胞癌。常规超声检查示肝右叶内可见直径约2.4 cm的高回声病灶,边界清,周边可见低回声声晕(图9,箭头所示),超声造影动脉相(16 s)为不均匀高增强(图10,箭头所示),门脉相(89 s)为稍低增强(图11,箭头所示),延迟相(147 s)为明显低增强(图12,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征;T1WI肝右叶内可见一低信号结节,边界尚清(图13,箭头所示),动脉期为环状增强(图14,箭头所示),门脉期为低增强(图15,箭头所示),肝胆期病灶内未见对比剂分泌(图16,箭头所示),表现为非典型的肝细胞癌增强特征。手术切除病理证实为(低分化)肝细胞癌
图17~24 超声造影诊断为非肝细胞癌,增强磁共振成像诊断为肝细胞癌。常规超声检查示肝右叶内可见直径约2.1 cm的低回声病灶,边界尚清(图17,箭头所示),超声造影动脉相(21 s)为整体高增强(图18,箭头所示),门脉相(63 s,图19)及延迟相(139 s,图20)为等增强(箭头所示),表现为非典型的肝细胞癌增强特征;T1WI肝右叶内可见一稍低信号结节,边界清(图21,箭头所示),动脉期为整体高增强(图22),门脉期为低增强(图23,箭头所示),肝胆期病灶内未见对比剂分泌(图24,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征。手术切除病理证实为(中分化)肝细胞癌
图25~32 超声造影及增强磁共振成像均诊断为非肝细胞癌。常规超声检查示肝左叶内可见直径约2.0 cm的低回声病灶(图25),超声造影动脉相(23 s)为环状增强(图26,箭头所示),门脉相(100 s,图27)及延迟相(166 s,图28)为低增强(箭头所示),表现为非典型的肝细胞癌增强特征;T1WI肝左叶内可见一低信号结节,边界清(图29,箭头所示),动脉期为低增强(图30,箭头所示),门脉期为低增强(图31,箭头所示),肝胆期病灶内未见对比剂分泌(图32,箭头所示),表现为非典型的肝细胞癌增强特征。手术切除病理证实为(中分化)肝细胞癌
图33~40 超声造影及增强磁共振成像均诊断为肝细胞癌。常规超声检查示肝右叶内可见直径约2.4 cm的低回声病灶(图33,箭头所示),超声造影动脉相(16 s)为整体高增强(图34,箭头所示),门脉相(110 s)为低增强(图35,箭头所示),延迟相(126 s)为明显低增强(图36,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征;T1WI肝右叶内可见一稍高信号结节(图37,箭头所示),动脉期为整体高增强(图38,箭头所示),门脉期为稍高增强(图39,箭头所示),肝胆期病灶内未见对比剂分泌(图40,箭头所示),表现为典型的肝细胞癌增强特征。手术切除病理证实为孤立性髓外浆细胞瘤
表1 超声造影及增强磁共振成像术前诊断≤3 cm肝细胞癌结果与术后病理诊断结果比较(个)
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