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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (06) : 554 -563. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2021.06.004

浅表器官超声影像学

超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像对甲状腺结节诊断价值的Meta分析
罗浩柔1, 尹立雪2,()   
  1. 1. 610054 成都,电子科技大学医学院
    2. 610072 成都,四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院心血管超声及心功能科
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-01 出版日期:2021-06-01
  • 通信作者: 尹立雪

Diagnostic value of superbmicrovascular imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in thyroid nodules: a Meta-analysis Luo Haorou1, Yin Lixue2. 1School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China; 2Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chenegdu 610072, China

  • Received:2020-07-01 Published:2021-06-01
  • About author:
    .Diagnostic value of superbmicrovascular imaging and color Doppler flow imaging in thyroid nodules: a Meta-analysis Luo Haorou1, Yin Lixue2. 1School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu 610054, China; 2Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chenegdu 610072, China[J].Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition),2021,18(06):554-563.
引用本文:

罗浩柔, 尹立雪. 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像对甲状腺结节诊断价值的Meta分析[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2021, 18(06): 554-563.

目的

应用Meta分析评价并比较超声微血管成像(SMI)与彩色多普勒血流成像(CDFI)对甲状腺结节的鉴别诊断价值。

方法

检索CNKI、维普、Sinomed、万方、Cochrane Library、Pubmed、Medline、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus数据库,筛选2020年6月1日之前发表的所有文献。根据纳入和排除标准筛选符合条件的文献,采用诊断准确性研究质量评估工具(QUADAS-2)对纳入文献进行质量评价,并应用Review Manager 5.3软件做质量评价图。应用StataV15.0软件进行异质性检验并汇总合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、诊断比值比等效应量,生成综合受试者工作特征(SROC)曲线进行综合评价。应用Meta回归分析探究异质性来源,并进行亚组分析。绘制漏斗图和Fagan图进行发表偏倚评估和临床适用性评价。

结果

最终纳入12篇文献,共1359个病灶。SMI的合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、比值比以及SROC曲线下面积分别为0.83(95%CI:0.79~0.85)、0.86(95%CI:0.78~0.91)、5.7(95%CI:3.8~8.7)、0.20(95%CI:0.17~0.24)、28(95%CI:17~46)、0.85(95%CI:0.82~0.88);CDFI的合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、比值比以及SROC曲线下面积分别为0.65(95%CI:0.58~0.70)、0.78(95%CI:0.72~0.83)、2.9(95%CI:2.4~3.6)、0.46(95%CI:0.39~0.53)、6(95%CI:5~9)、0.77(95%CI:0.73~0.81)。Meta回归分析发现CDFI的异质性来源为结节类型,亚组分析结果显示,仅纳入以未分类结节为研究对象的文献时,无明显的异质性(P=0.12),合并诊断敏感度和特异度分别为0.64(0.57~0.71)和0.81(0.76~0.85);仅纳入以TI-RADS 4类结节为研究对象的文献时,也无明显的异质性(P=0.62),合并诊断敏感度和特异度分别为0.68(0.54~0.81)和0.64(0.52~0.76)。Deek漏斗图示无明显发表偏倚。Fagan图可以看出SMI和CDFI的验后概率分别为60%和40%,高于验前概率20%。

结论

SMI对于甲状腺结节良恶性的诊断效能优于CDFI,且SMI技术能够反映血流分布情况,弥补CDFI的不足,临床适用价值较好。

Objective

To evaluate and compare the value of gray scale ultrasound based ultrasound microangiography (SMI) and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodule.

Methods

CNKI, VIP, Sinomed, Wanfang, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched to screen all the literature published before June 1, 2020. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the qualified literature was screened, the diagnostic accuracy research quality assessment tool (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of included literature, and the Review Manager 5.3 software was used to make the quality evaluation chart. Stata V15.0 software was used to carry out heterogeneity test and pool effect sizes such as sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio and summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC curve) for comprehensive evaluation. Meta-regression analysis was used to explore the source of heterogeneity and conduct subgroup analysis. Funnel diagram and Fagan diagram were plotted for publication bias evaluation and clinical applicability evaluation.

Results

Finally, 12 articles were included, with a total of 1359 lesions. The combined sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, odds ratio, and area under the SROC curve of SMI were 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.85), 0.86 (95%CI: 0.78-0.91), 5.7 (95%CI: 3.8-8.7), 0.20 (95%CI: 0.17-0.24), 28 (95%CI: 17-46), and 0.85 (95%CI: 0.82-0.88), respectively; the corresponding values of CDFI were 0.65 (95%CI: 0.58-0.70), 0.78 (95%CI: 0.72-0.83), 2.9 (95%CI: 2.4-3.6), 0.46 (95%CI: 0.39-0.53), 6 (95%CI: 5-9), and 0.77 (95%CI: 0.73-0.81). Meta-regression analysis showed that the source of CDFI heterogeneity was nodular type (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant heterogeneity when only unclassified nodules were included in the study (P=0.12); the combined diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 0.64 (0.57-0.71) and 0.81 (0.76-0.85), respectively. There was also no significant heterogeneity when only the literature that studied TI-RADS4 type nodules was included (P=0.62); the combined diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 0.68 (0.54-0.81) and 0.64 (0.52-0.76), respectively. Deek funnel pattern showed no significant publication bias. Fagan chart results showed that the post-test probability of SMI and CDFI was 60% and 40% , respectively, which was higher than the pre-test probability of 20%.

Conclusion

The diagnostic efficiency of SMI for benign and malignant thyroid nodules is better than CDFI, and SMI technology can reflect the distribution of blood flow, make up for the deficiency of CDFI, and has better clinical application value.

图1 文献筛选流程图
表1 纳入文献的基本特征
图2 质量评价条形图和风险偏倚条目总结图
图3 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像的诊断敏感度和特异度森林图。图a为超声微血管成像的诊断敏感度和特异度森林图;图b为彩色多普勒血流成像的诊断敏感度和特异度森林图
图4 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像的综合受试者工作特征(SROC)曲线。图a为超声微血管成像的SROC曲线;图b为彩色多普勒血流成像的SROC曲线
表2 SMI与CDFI的Meta分析合并效应量比较
表3 超声微血管成像的Meta回归分析结果
表4 彩色多普勒血流成像的Meta回归分析结果
表5 彩色多普勒血流成像的亚组分析结果
图5 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像的双变量箱形图。图a为超声微血管成像的双变量箱形图;图b为彩色多普勒血流成像的双变量箱形图
表6 超声微血管成像的敏感性分析结果
表7 彩色多普勒血流成像的敏感性分析结果
图6 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像的漏斗图。图a为超声微血管成像的漏斗图;图b为彩色多普勒血流成像的漏斗图
图7 超声微血管成像与彩色多普勒血流成像的Fagan图。图a为超声微血管成像的Fagan图;图b为彩色多普勒血流成像的Fagan图
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