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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (11) : 1205 -1210. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2022.11.009

妇产科超声影像学

综合超声心动图指标在诊断胎儿主动脉缩窄中的应用
沈艳1, 骆志玲1, 孟红2,(), 李慧2, 刘倩倩2, 王叶娟1   
  1. 1. 650102 云南省阜外心血管病医院超声科
    2. 100037 中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 国家心血管病中心 阜外医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-05 出版日期:2022-11-01
  • 通信作者: 孟红

Combination of multiple parameters of echocardiography improves diagnosis of fetal coarctation of the aorta

Yan Shen1, Zhiling Luo1, Hong Meng2,(), Hui Li2, Qianqian Liu2, Yejuan Wang1   

  1. 1. Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Yunnan Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming 650102, China
    2. Department of Echocardiography, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China
  • Received:2021-01-05 Published:2022-11-01
  • Corresponding author: Hong Meng
引用本文:

沈艳, 骆志玲, 孟红, 李慧, 刘倩倩, 王叶娟. 综合超声心动图指标在诊断胎儿主动脉缩窄中的应用[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2022, 19(11): 1205-1210.

Yan Shen, Zhiling Luo, Hong Meng, Hui Li, Qianqian Liu, Yejuan Wang. Combination of multiple parameters of echocardiography improves diagnosis of fetal coarctation of the aorta[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2022, 19(11): 1205-1210.

目的

总结超声心动图指标在诊断胎儿主动脉缩窄(CoA)中的应用价值,筛选最优诊断指标或指标组合,提高诊断准确性。

方法

收录2017年12月至2019年7月在阜外医院疑诊为CoA并出生的胎儿,根据出生后主动脉弓情况将胎儿分为2组:CoA组(18例)和弓正常组(14例)。采用独立样本t检验分析组间超声心动图诊断指标的差异。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析各超声心动图诊断参数的最佳诊断临界值,采用Kappa检验评价诊断模型的准确性。

结果

与弓正常组胎儿比较,CoA组的胎儿的峡部内径Z值,横弓与降主动脉峡部夹角明显减小[(-8.40±1.61)vs(-6.54±1.61);(95.4°±20.9°)vs(126.2°±13.4°)],左锁骨下动脉与左颈总动脉间距增加[(4.6±2.5)mm vs(2.9±1.3)mm],差异具有统计学意义(t=2.491、4.787、-2.186,P=0.003、<0.001、=0.037]。横弓与降主动脉峡部夹角≤110.47°、横弓内径≤2.25 mm、峡部内径Z值≤-7.98是诊断胎儿CoA准确性最高的指标。横弓与降主动脉峡部夹角、横弓及峡部内径诊断胎儿弓发育与出生后情况一致性最高(Kappa值=0.936,P<0.001)。

结论

横弓与降主动脉峡部夹角是诊断胎儿CoA的最优指标,结合其他超声指标综合诊断胎儿CoA准确性最高。

Objective

To evaluate the clinical value of echocardiography in detecting fetal coarctation of the aorta, and to explore the optimal echocardiographic parameters to improve the diagnosis accuracy.

Methods

Fetuses with suspected CoA diagnosed at Fuwai Hospital between December 2017 and July 2019 were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the aorta arch growth after birth. There were 18 fetuses with CoA and 14 with normal aorta arch. The t-test was used to analyze the differences between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off values of diagnostic parameters, and the kappa test was used to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the proposed model.

Results

Compared with the fetuses with normal aorta arch, the fetuses with CoA had lower Z values of the isthmus[(-6.54±1.61) vs (-8.4±1.61), t=2.491, P=0.003], smaller angles between the transverse arch and the isthmus [(126.2±13.4)° vs (95.4±20.9)°, t=4.787, P<0.001], and increased distances between the left subclavian artery and the left common carotid artery [(4.6±2.5) mm vs (2.9±1.3) mm, t=-2.186, P=0.037]. The angle between the transverse arch and isthmus ≤ 110.47°, the diameters of the transverse arch ≤ 2.25 mm, and the Z values of the isthmus ≤ -7.98 were the optimal cutoff values to detect fetal CoA. The combination of the angle between the transverse arch and the isthmus and the diameters of the transverse arch and isthmus to identify fetal aortic arch growth had the highest consistency with postnatal results (Kappa=0.936, P<0.001).

Conclusion

The angle between transverse arch and the isthmus is the optimal parameter to identify fetal CoA. The combination with other multiple echocardiographic indices could improve the prenatal diagnosis of fetal CoA.

图1 出生后主动脉缩窄的胎儿横弓与峡部夹角减小,为95.6°(图a),左锁骨下动脉与左颈总动脉间距增加,为5.61 mm(图b);出生后主动脉弓正常的胎儿横弓与峡部夹角正常,为138.1°(图c),左锁骨下动脉与左颈总动脉间距在正常范围,为3.07 mm(图d)
表1 CoA组和弓正常组胎儿的多项超声心动图指标比较(
xˉ
±s
图2 受试者工作特征曲线发现横弓与降主动脉峡部夹角、横弓内径、峡部内径Z值是诊断胎儿期主动脉缩窄准确性最高的单一指标
表2 多项超声心动图参数诊断胎儿期主动脉弓发育情况诊断效能和最佳诊断临界值
表3 胎儿期多项超声指标综合评估主动脉弓部发育
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