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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (08) : 768 -776. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.08.012

心血管超声影像学

射血分数保留肝硬化患者的肝脏硬度与左心室功能超声特征及相关性分析
张俊清1, 周秘1, 张文军1, 谭静1, 尹立雪2,()   
  1. 1 611130 成都市温江区人民医院超声医学科
    2 610072 成都,四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院心血管超声及心功能科 超声心脏电生理学与生物力学四川省重点实验室
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-17 出版日期:2025-08-01
  • 通信作者: 尹立雪
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2008000)

Ultrasound characteristics and correlation of liver hardness and left ventricular function in patients with liver cirrhosis with preserved ejection fraction

Junqing Zhang1, Mi Zhou1, Wenjun Zhang1, Jing Tan1, Lixue Yin2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Ultrasound, Chengdu Wenjiang District People's Hospital, Chengdu 611130, China
    2 Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non-invasive Cardiology Department, Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Bio-mechanics of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China
  • Received:2025-03-17 Published:2025-08-01
  • Corresponding author: Lixue Yin
引用本文:

张俊清, 周秘, 张文军, 谭静, 尹立雪. 射血分数保留肝硬化患者的肝脏硬度与左心室功能超声特征及相关性分析[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(08): 768-776.

Junqing Zhang, Mi Zhou, Wenjun Zhang, Jing Tan, Lixue Yin. Ultrasound characteristics and correlation of liver hardness and left ventricular function in patients with liver cirrhosis with preserved ejection fraction[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(08): 768-776.

目的

应用肝脏二维剪切波弹性成像(2D-SWE)与超声心肌做功(MW)技术,分析射血分数保留肝硬化患者在不同Child-Pugh分级下的肝脏硬度与左心室功能改变及二者相关性。

方法

选取2023年8月至2024年12月于成都市温江区人民医院就诊的射血分数保持正常的肝硬化患者110例。按照Child-Pugh分级标准,将患者分为A级组34例、B级组37例和C级组39例;选取36例年龄和性别相匹配的健康志愿者作为对照组。收集一般临床资料、血生化检验指标、肝脏硬度值(LSM)、常规超声心动图参数、二维斑点追踪及MW参数。比较各组间上述参数差异并分析Child-Pugh分级、LSM与血生化指标、二维斑点追踪及MW参数的相关性。

结果

肝脏硬度值比较:A级组LSM较对照组增高(P<0.001),B级组LSM较对照组、A级组增高(P<0.001),C级组LSM较对照组及A、B级组增高(P<0.05)。左心室舒张功能参数比较:A、B级组e'峰较对照组降低(P<0.001),C级组e'峰较对照组及A、B级组减低(P<0.001);B级组E/A值较对照组降低(P<0.001),C级组E/A值较对照组及A、B级组均减低(P<0.001);B级组e'/a'值较对照组减低(P<0.001),C级组e'/a'值较对照组及A、B级组均减低(P<0.001)。左心室收缩功能参数比较:B、C级组左心室射血分数较对照组增加(P<0.05);B级组左心室整体纵向应变(GLS)绝对值较对照组、A级组增加(P<0.001);C级组GLS绝对值较B级组降低(P<0.001);C级组峰值应变离散度(PSD)较对照组、A级组增加(P<0.001);B级组整体有用功(GCW)较对照组增加(P<0.001);C级组GCW较B级组降低(P<0.001);C级组整体做功指数(GWI)、整体做功效率(GWE)较对照组及A、B级组降低(P<0.001);C级组整体无用功(GWW)较对照组及A、B级组增高(P<0.001)。相关性分析:Child-Pugh分级与LSM、谷草转氨酶、总胆汁酸、GWW呈正相关(r=0.872、0.499、0.533、0.446,P<0.001),与舒张压、E/A、e'、e'/a'、GWE呈负相关(r=-0.483、-0.562、-0.669、-0.659、-0.479,P<0.001)。LSM与心输出量、谷草转氨酶、总胆汁酸呈正相关(r=0.467、0.584、0.585,P<0.001),与舒张压、E/A、e'、e'/a'呈负相关(r=-0.513、-0.491、-0.542、-0.571,P<0.001)。

结论

随着肝硬化Child-Pugh分级进展,肝脏功能障碍加重,肝脏硬度测值增高且离散度增大;左心室舒张功能降低,收缩功能先代偿性增强后失代偿性降低。肝-心功能损伤存在协同作用。综合应用2D-SWE与MW技术可更全面、有效地评估肝硬化患者的肝脏病变程度及左心室功能变化,为临床精准分层干预和改善患者预后提供重要影像学依据。

Objective

To make a comprehensive analysis of liver stiffness and left ventricular functional changes and their correlations in cirrhosis patients with preserved ejection fraction across Child-Pugh classes using two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) and myocardial work (MW).

Methods

A total of 110 cirrhosis patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were recruited from Wenjiang District People's Hospital, Chengdu between August 2023 and December 2024. According to Child-Pugh classification, the patients were stratified into Group A (n=34), Group B (n=37), and Group C (n=39). Thirty-six age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers served as controls. Demographics, blood biochemical parameters, liver stiffness measurements (LSM), conventional echocardiographic indices, 2D-SWE, and MW parameters were collected. Intergroup differences were compared and correlations among parameters were analyzed.

Results

LSM was higher in Group A than in controls (P<0.001). Group B showed higher LSM than both controls and Group A (P<0.001). Group C exhibited higher LSM than controls, Group A, and Group B (P<0.05). In terms of LV diastolic function parameters, e' was decreased in Groups A and B compared to the control group (P<0.001), and demonstrated a further reduction in Group C compared to the control group and groups A and B (P<0.001). E/A ratio was lower in Group B than in controls (P<0.001), and was further reduced in Group C compared to the control group and groups A and B (P<0.001). e'/a' ratio was reduced in Group B compared to controls (P<0.001), with Group C showing a more significant decrease compared to the control group and groups A and B (P<0.001). In terms of left ventricular systolic function parameters, LVEF was significantly higher in Groups B and C compared to the control group (P<0.05). The absolute value of global longitudinal strain (GLS) was significantly increased in Group B compared to both the control group and Group A (P<0.001). The absolute GLS value was significantly lower in Group C than in Group B (P<0.001). Peak strain dispersion (PSD) was significantly increased in Group C compared to the control group and Group A (P<0.001). Global constructive work (GCW) was significantly higher in Group B than in controls (P<0.001). GCW was significantly lower in Group C than in Group B (P<0.001). Global work index (GWI) and global work efficiency (GWE) were significantly reduced in Group C compared to the control group, Group A, and Group B (P<0.001). Global wasted work (GWW) was significantly elevated in Group C compared to the control group, Group A, and Group B (P<0.001). Child-Pugh grade correlated positively with LSM, AST, TBA, and GWW (r= 0.872, 0.499, 0.533, and 0.446, respectively; P<0.001), and negatively with DBP, E/A, e', e'/a', and GWE (r=−0.483, −0.562, −0.669, −0.659, and −0.479, respectively; P<0.001). LSM showed positive correlations with CO, AST, and TBA (r=0.467, 0.584, and 0.585, respectively; P<0.001), and negative correlations with DBP, E/A, e', and e'/a' (r=−0.513, −0.491, −0.542, and −0.571, respectively; P<0.001).

Conclusion

With the worsening of Child-Pugh classification in liver cirrhosis, liver dysfunction deteriorates, accompanied by increased LSM values and heightened measurement dispersion, left ventricular diastolic function declines, and systolic function initially exhibits compensatory enhancement but subsequently undergoes decompensatory reduction. Liver-heart functional impairment demonstrates synergistic effects. The combined use of 2D-SWE and MW techniques provided a more comprehensive and effective assessment of liver disease severity and left ventricular functional changes in cirrhotic patients, which offered crucial imaging evidence for targeted clinical interventions and improving patient prognosis.

图1 不同Child-Pugh分级及健康对照者肝脏硬度值测量超声图像。图a~d分别为Child-Push分级A、B、C级及健康对照者肝脏硬度超声测量图像
图2 不同Child-Pugh分级及健康对照者左心室压力-应变环与心肌做功分析图像。图a~d分别为健康对照者及Child-Pugh分级A、B、C级患者左心室压力-应变环与心肌做功分析
表1 不同Child-Pugh分级组及健康对照组一般资料比较
表2 不同Child-Pugh分级组及健康对照组血生化检验指标比较
表3 不同Child-Pugh分级组及健康对照组肝脏硬度值及常规超声心动图参数比较
表4 不同Child-Pugh分级组及健康对照组左心室舒张功能参数比较
表5 不同Child-Pugh分级组及健康对照组左心室收缩功能参数比较
表6 Child-Pugh分级、LSM与生化指标及超声心动图参数的相关性分析
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