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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (12) : 942 -947. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2018.12.011

所属专题: 文献

浅表器官超声影像学

基于计算机辅助诊断技术的超声图像处理软件对甲状腺结节诊断效能的初步研究
刘隆忠1, 李擎1, 龙杏章1, 刘颖1, 云苗1, 李安华1,()   
  1. 1. 510060 广州,华南肿瘤学国家重点实验室 中山大学肿瘤防治中心超声科
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-14 出版日期:2018-12-01
  • 通信作者: 李安华

Computer-aided diagnostic system for assessment of thyroid nodules on ultrasound: diagnostic performance compared with radiologist-based clinical assessments

Longzhong Liu1, Qing Li1, Xingzhang Long1, Ying Liu1, Miao Yun1, Anhua Li1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, National Key Laboratory of Oncology, the South of China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
  • Received:2017-12-14 Published:2018-12-01
  • Corresponding author: Anhua Li
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Li Anhua, Email:
引用本文:

刘隆忠, 李擎, 龙杏章, 刘颖, 云苗, 李安华. 基于计算机辅助诊断技术的超声图像处理软件对甲状腺结节诊断效能的初步研究[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2018, 15(12): 942-947.

Longzhong Liu, Qing Li, Xingzhang Long, Ying Liu, Miao Yun, Anhua Li. Computer-aided diagnostic system for assessment of thyroid nodules on ultrasound: diagnostic performance compared with radiologist-based clinical assessments[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2018, 15(12): 942-947.

目的

通过比较基于计算机辅助诊断技术(CAD)的甲状腺超声图像处理软件(安克侦)与超声医师对甲状腺结节进行甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)评分的差别,初步探讨安克侦CAD软件在甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别诊断中的价值。

方法

选取2015年5月至2016年10月就诊于中山大学附属肿瘤医院的194例甲状腺结节患者的病例资料。每个病例选取一个结节进行分析,所有结节均经手术或超声引导下细针穿刺活检(US-FNA)病理证实。由两位年资不同的超声医师评估结节图像,分别对结节的5个特征(成分、回声、形态、边缘、强回声)进行评分,得出总的TI-RADS评分并分类。安克侦CAD软件则通过自动分析结节图像,得出基于美国放射学会(ACR)标准的TI-RADS评分。

结果

安克侦CAD软件的TI-RADS评分与高年资医师比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=0.964,P=0.335),与低年资医师比较,差异具有统计学意义(Z=5.593,P<0.001)。以TR5为恶性诊断界值,安克侦CAD软件的诊断敏感度与高年资医师比较,差异无统计学意义(84.62% vs 86.54%,P=0.815),且其略高于低年资医师,但差异无统计学意义(84.62% vs 73.08%,P=0.052)。安克侦CAD软件、低年资医师、高年资医师评分的诊断特异度分别为65.56%、87.78%、82.22%,安克侦CAD软件明显低于低年资和高年资医师(65.56% vs 87.78%,χ2=12.893,P<0.01;65.56% vs 82.22%,P=0.004)。CAD软件的ROC曲线下面积均低于高年资及低年资医师(0.735 vs 0.921,Z=4.537,P<0.0001;0.735 vs 0.898,Z=4.033,P=0.0001)。

结论

安克侦CAD软件对甲状腺结节的诊断敏感度与高年资及低年资医师相比,并无显著差异,但诊断特异度及诊断准确性均低于高年资及低年资医师。其综合诊断效能仍需进一步深入研究。

Objective

To evaluate the difference in assessment of the American College Radiology thyroid imaging-reporting and data system score between a computer-aided diagnostic system (Am CAD-UT Dection) and radiologists and to discuss its value in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules on ultrasound.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed 194 patients with thyroid nodules at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between May 2015 and October 2016. Only one nodule was chosen in a patient and was proven by fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology or thyroidectomy. A senior radiologist with 16 years of working experience and a junior radiologist with 4 years of working experience assessed the five major ultrasound characteristics of thyroid nodules including composition, echogenicity, shape, margin and echogenic foci separately, while the CAD system analyzed the same thyroid nodules automatically based on the ACR standard.

Results

The CAD system showed a similar performance to the senior radiologist (P=0.335) but performed better than the junior radiologist (P<0.001). Using TR5 as the diagnostic standard for malignancy, the CAD system was significantly consistent with the senior doctor in sensitivity (84.62% vs 86.54%, P=0.815) but was better than the junior doctor without a significant difference (84.62% vs 73.08%, P=0.052). The specificity of the CAD system was lower than those of the above two radiologists (65.56% vs 87.78%, 82.22%, P<0.01).

Conclusion

The CAD system exhibits a higher sensitivity but lower specificity and diagnostic performance than radiologist-based clinical assessments in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules.

图1~6 基于计算机辅助诊断技术的超声图像处理软件(安克侦软件)检测甲状腺结节病灶。安克侦软件对此结节病灶甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)评分为13分,分类为TR5,病理结果证实为甲状腺乳头状癌。图1为甲状腺右侧叶结节短轴切面图,安克侦软件通过测量其横径及纵径得出此病灶纵横比大于1;图2为安克侦软件通过纵横2条测量线即可自动得到结节病灶的包络线,仅需微调即可使包络线完整包裹病灶边缘,病灶内的绿点提示为微钙化,安克侦软件诊断此病灶为甲状腺结节疑似微钙化;图3中紫色区域代表结节病灶内的无回声区(占据病灶的12.6%),安克侦软件诊断此病灶为实性为主的囊实性结节;图3中的病灶区域在图4显示其灰度低于周围组织,故安克侦软件诊断此病灶为极低回声;图5为病灶边缘显示,颜色由蓝、绿、黄、红渐次提示边缘由光滑向模糊变化,安克侦软件诊断此病灶边缘不规则;图6为病灶内部回声显示,蓝色区域越多,表明内部回声越均匀,安克侦软件诊断此病灶内部回声均质
表1 不同年资超声医师与安克侦CAD软件对甲状腺结节TI-RADS分类的诊断结果(例)
表2 不同年资超声医师与安克侦CAD软件对甲状腺结节TI-RADS分类的诊断效能(以TR5为恶性作为诊断界值,%)
图7 不同年资超声医师与安克侦软件诊断甲状腺结节影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)分类的ROC曲线
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