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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (04) : 257 -263. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2019.04.005

所属专题: 文献

浅表器官超声影像学

甲状腺微小乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移的术前超声预测模型建立
汤靖岚1, 侯春杰1, 范小明1,()   
  1. 1. 310014 杭州,浙江省人民医院 杭州医学院附属人民医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-04 出版日期:2019-04-01
  • 通信作者: 范小明
  • 基金资助:
    浙江省科技厅公益项目(2017C33097); 浙江省卫计委一般项目(2016KYB008)

Central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: development of an ultrasonographic risk-prediction model

Jinglan Tang1, Chunjie Hou1, Xiaoming Fan1,()   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasonography, Zhejiang Provincial People′s Hospital, People′s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, China
  • Received:2018-09-04 Published:2019-04-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoming Fan
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Fan Xiaoming, Email:
引用本文:

汤靖岚, 侯春杰, 范小明. 甲状腺微小乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移的术前超声预测模型建立[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2019, 16(04): 257-263.

Jinglan Tang, Chunjie Hou, Xiaoming Fan. Central lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: development of an ultrasonographic risk-prediction model[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2019, 16(04): 257-263.

目的

采用二元Logistic回归分析建立术前超声预测模型,探讨其对甲状腺微小乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移风险的预测能力。

方法

选取2014年1月至2016年7月就诊于浙江省人民医院,经术后病理确诊为甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC)的患者352例,共有413个腺叶与同侧中央区淋巴结。对其术前超声图像进行回顾性分析,采用二元Logistic回归分析对影响中央区淋巴结转移病理结果的各变量进行逻辑向前回归分析,建立超声预测模型。模型建立后,于2017年1月至2017年10月连续纳入186例PTMC患者作为模型的验证组,共有229个腺叶与同侧中央区淋巴结。应用模型预测186例验证组患者中央区淋巴结转移风险,与术后病理比较,并绘制ROC曲线,以评价模型的预测效果。

结果

以术前超声特征为自变量,中央区淋巴结转移(有/无)为因变量,Logistic回归分析结果显示最终进入模型的变量为X1(癌灶最大径)、X2(癌灶个数)、X6(微钙化占癌灶面积)以及X9(甲状腺包膜外侵犯),建立的风险预测模型为:Y=-2.52+1.36X1+0.63X2+2.06X6+2.19X9P=eZ /1+eZP是转移概率,e是自然数2.72)。应用模型预测验证组转移风险,与术后病理对比,其准确性为89.08%,敏感度为91.36%,漏诊率为8.64%,特异度为87.84%,误诊率为12.16%,阴性似然比0.098,阳性似然比7.513,ROC曲线下面积为0.931。

结论

超声预测模型对PTMC患者中央区淋巴结转移具有较好的预测能力,有助于提高中央区淋巴结转移的术前诊断率,可在一定程度上为临床治疗方案的合理选择提供帮助。

Objective

To establish a preoperative ultrasound prediction model by binary Logistic regression analysis to explore its predictive ability for central lymph node metastasis risk of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Methods

From January 2014 to July 2016, 352 patients diagnosed with PTMC by postoperative pathology at Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital were selected, with a total of 413 thyroid lobes and ipsilateral central lymph nodes. The preoperative ultrasound images were retrospectively analyzed, and the variables affecting the pathological results of central lymph node metastasis were analyzed by forward Logistic regression to establish an ultrasonic prediction model. After the model was established, 186 consecutive PTMC patients were included from January 2017 to October 2017 as a model validation group, with a total of 229 glandular lobes and ipsilateral central lymph nodes. The model was used to predict the risk of central lymph node metastasis in the validation group, and the result was compared with postoperative pathology. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the prediction effect of the model.

Results

Using preoperative ultrasonographic features as independent variables and central lymph node metastasis (with or without) as dependent variables, Logistic regression analysis showed that the variables that finally entered the model were X1 (maximum diameter of cancer lesion: 5~10 mm), X2 (multiple cancer lesions), X6 (micro-calcification area ≥ 1/2 of the cancer lesion area), and X9 (extra-thyroid invasion). The model was: Y=-2.52+ 1.36X1+ 0.63X2+ 2.06X6+ 2.19X9; P=eZ/1+ eZ (P represents the probability of central lymph node metastasis, and e is the natural constant 2.72). When applying the model to the verification group, the accuracy, sensitivity, missed diagnosis rate, specificity, misdiagnosis rate, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were 89.08%, 91.36%, 8.64%, 87.84%, 12.16%, 7.513, and 0.098, respectively. The largest area under the ROC curve was 0.931.

Conclusion

The ultrasonic prediction model developed in this study has a good prediction ability for central lymph node metastasis in PTMC patients, which is, to a certain extent, helpful to improve the preoperative diagnosis rate and select clinical treatment scheme reasonably.

表1 PTMC患者中央区淋巴结转移的危险因素与赋值
表2 PTMC患者中央区淋巴结转移的Logistic回归分析结果
图4 术前超声预测模型预测甲状腺微小乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移误诊病例的超声图像。该误诊结节位于甲状腺左叶下极,最大径6 mm,同侧腺叶另有一病灶位于上极(多发灶),微钙化不明显,存在包膜外侵犯,Logistic回归模型计算该腺叶转移风险为84.04%,预测中央区淋巴结转移结果为阳性;而术后病理提示癌灶位于上极,为单灶性,未发生中央区淋巴结转移,该误诊结节考虑为桥本甲状腺炎引起的局部回声改变
表3 术前超声预测模型对PTMC患者中央区淋巴结转移的预测结果与病理结果比较(个)
图5 术前超声预测模型预测甲状腺微小乳头状癌中央区淋巴结转移的ROC曲线
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