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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (03) : 258 -265. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2021.03.004

所属专题: 文献

心血管超声影像学

峰值应变离散度和纵向心肌应变评价不同替代疗法的尿毒症患者左心室收缩功能
李卡娜1, 郑哲岚1,(), 王江涛2   
  1. 1. 310003 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属第一医院心血管超声中心
    2. 100176 北京,通用电气临床科研部
  • 收稿日期:2019-11-01 出版日期:2021-03-01
  • 通信作者: 郑哲岚

Peak strain dispersion and global longitudinal peak strain for evaluating left ventricular function and systolic synchrony in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving different replacement therapies

Kana Li1, Zhelan Zheng1,(), Jiangtao Wang2   

  1. 1. Cardiovascular Ultrasound Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
    2. Clinical Education Department, General Electric Medical Clinical Education Team, Beijing 100176, China
  • Received:2019-11-01 Published:2021-03-01
  • Corresponding author: Zhelan Zheng
引用本文:

李卡娜, 郑哲岚, 王江涛. 峰值应变离散度和纵向心肌应变评价不同替代疗法的尿毒症患者左心室收缩功能[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2021, 18(03): 258-265.

Kana Li, Zhelan Zheng, Jiangtao Wang. Peak strain dispersion and global longitudinal peak strain for evaluating left ventricular function and systolic synchrony in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving different replacement therapies[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2021, 18(03): 258-265.

目的

探讨峰值应变离散度(PSD)和整体纵向峰值应变(GLPS)评价不同替代治疗的终末期肾病患者左心室整体纵向收缩功能和左心室收缩同步性的价值。

方法

选取2018年7月至10月在浙江大学医学院附属第一医院就诊并进行替代治疗的慢性肾病V期患者89例,根据不同替代治疗方法分为3组,分别是肾移植组30例;血液透析组31例和腹膜透析组28例。同时选取健康成年人33名作为对照组。采集心尖两腔心切面、三腔心切面及四腔心切面3个长轴切面连续3个心动周期的二维灰阶动态图像,分析得出左心室心肌纵向峰值收缩应变曲线和纵向应变达峰时间牛眼图,并自动计算出PSD和GLPS。符合正态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,组间两两比较采用LSD-t检验法;不服从正态分布的计量资料多组间比较采用秩和检验,组间两两比较采用秩和检验。应用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析PSD诊断左心室收缩非同步性的临床价值;符合正态分布的变量采用Pearson相关分析,否则使用Spearman相关分析。随机抽取20例患者进行PSD的观察者内和观察者间的重复性检验。

结果

治疗终末期肾病3组左心室各节段纵向应变达峰时间差异增大,PSD均较对照组明显增高(P<0.05/6),血液透析组和腹膜透析组的GLPS绝对值均较对照组明显下降(P<0.05/6),而肾移植组GLPS绝对值与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05/6)。肾移植组PSD和GLPS绝对值与血液透析组、腹膜透析组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05/6);血液透析组、腹膜透析组的PSD和GLPS比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05/6),血液透析组PSD[(50.29±17.12)ms]和腹膜透析组PSD[(56.21±19.85)ms]高于对照组[(30.48±7.12)ms;t=-6.101、-6.467,P均<0.05/6]和肾移植组[(39.80±5.65)ms;t=-3.234、-4.179,P均<0.05/6]。血液透析组GLPS绝对值[(16.12±3.35)%]和腹膜透析组GLPS绝对值[(16.61±3.84)%]低于对照组[(21.34±2.88)%;t=-6.699、-5.494,P均<0.05/6]和肾移植组[(19.80±2.94)%;t=-4.619、-3.631,P均<0.05/6]。终末期肾病治疗3组PSD与左心室质量指数呈正相关(r=0.632,P<0.05),PSD与GLPS绝对值呈负相关(r=-0.468,P<0.05);PSD的最佳截点是34.5 ms,ROC曲线下面积为0.872,预测左室收缩非同步性的敏感度为85.4%,特异度为78.8%;PSD测值在观察者间和观察者内有良好的重复性和稳定性(相关系数=0.978、0.991)。

结论

终末期肾病3种替代治疗方法中以肾移植的疗效最好;PSD是评价左心室心肌运动同步性较全面、直观和准确的新指标,容易测量且重复性好,易于推广普及,还能显著预测慢性肾病患者左室收缩非同步性,对临床早期干预和治疗心血管并发症具有一定的指导意义;应用PSD与GLPS能够较早地评价LVEF保留的终末期肾病治疗患者左心室心肌收缩功能,为临床诊断和疗效评估提供帮助。

Objective

To evaluate the value of peak strain dispersion (PSD) and global longitudinal peak strain (GLPS) in evaluating left ventricular global longitudinal systolic function and left ventricular systolic synchrony in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) receiving different replacement therapies.

Methods

Eighty-nine patients with ESRD who were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University from July to October 2018 were divided into three groups according to the replacement therapy used: kidney transplantation group (n=30), hemodialysis group (n=31), and peritoneal dialysis group (n=28). Meanwhile, 33 heathy adults were selected as a control group. Two dimensional gray-scale dynamic images of apical two chamber view, three chamber view, and four chamber view were collected for three consecutive cardiac cycles. The longitudinal peak contraction strain curve and the time to peak longitudinal strain bull's eye plot of the left ventricular myocardium (17 segments) were analyzed, and the PSD and GLPS were automatically calculated with AFI software. Normally distributed measurement data among multiple groups were compared by one-way ANOVA; comparisons between two groups were performed by LSD-t method. Non-normally distributed measurement data among multiple groups and between two groups were compared by the rank sum test. The clinical value of PSD in the diagnosis of left ventricular systolic non-synchronization was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Pearson correlation analysis was used for normal distribution variables, otherwise Spearman correlation analysis was used. Twenty patients were randomly selected for PSD intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility tests.

Results

The longitudinal strain peak time in each segment of the left ventricle in the three treatment groups was increased, and the PSD was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05/6). The absolute values of GLPS in the hemodialysis group and peritoneal dialysis group were significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05/6). However, there was no significant difference in GLPS between the renal transplantation group and the control group (P>0.05/6). PSD and GLPS in the kidney transplantation group were significantly different from those of the hemodialysis group and peritoneal dialysis group (P<0.05/6). There was no significant difference in PSD or GLPS between the hemodialysis group and peritoneal dialysis group (P>0.05/6). PSD values of the hemodialysis group [(50.29±17.12) ms] and the peritoneal dialysis group [(56.21±19.85) ms] were significantly higher than those of the control group [(30.48±7.12) ms; t=-6.101, -6.467; P<0.05/6] and the kidney transplantation group [(39.80±5.65) ms; t=-3.234, -4.179; P<0.05/6]. The absolute values of GLPS in the hemodialysis group [(16.12±3.35)%] and the peritoneal dialysis group [(16.61±3.84)%] were lower than those of the control group [(21.34±2.88)%; t=-6.699, -5.494; P<0.05/6] and the kidney transplantation group [(19.80±2.94)%; t=-4.619, -3.631; P<0.05/6]. In the three ESRD treatment groups, PSD had a positive correlation with left ventricular mass index (r=0.632, P<0.05) and negative correlation with GLPS absolute value (r=-0.468, P<0.05). The best cut-off point of PSD was 34.5 ms, and the AUC was 0.872. The sensitivity for predicting left ventricular systolic asynchrony was 85.4%, and the specificity was 78.8%. PSD measurements have good repeatability and stability between and within the observers (correlation coefficients =0.978, 0.991).

Conclusion

Renal transplantation is the best replacement treatment for ESRD. PSD is a comprehensive, intuitive, and accurate new index for evaluating left ventricular myocardial synchronization, and it is easy to measure, reproduce, and popularize and can predict left ventricular systolic asynchrony in patients with chronic kidney disease. It has certain guiding significance for clinical early intervention and treatment of cardiovascular complications. PSD and GLPS can be used to evaluate left ventricular myocardial contractile function in patients with ESRD with reserved LVEF, and to conduct clinical diagnosis and efficacy evaluation.

表1 肾移植组、血液透析组、腹膜透析组以及对照组一般临床资料组间比较
表2 肾移植组、血液透析组、腹膜透析组以及对照组常规超声心动图指标比较
组别 例数 IVSd[mm,MQR)] LVPWd[mm,MQR)] RWT[MQR)] LVM[g,MQR)] LVMI[MQR)] AOD(mm,
x¯
±s
LAD(mm,
x¯
±s
对照组 33 8.00(7.00,8.00) 8.00(7.00,8.00) 0.34(0.33,0.36) 121.66(97.03,144.60) 78.10(63.80,85.42) 28.30±2.59 33.03±2.47
肾移植组 30 9.00(8.00,9.00)a 9.00(8.00,9.00)a 0.37(0.33,0.40) 161.78(127.09,189.65)a 95.90(81.87,107.38)a 28.80±2.52 36.50±4.64
血液透析组 31 10.00(9.00,11.00)bd 10.00(8.00,11.00)bd 0.40(0.37,0.45)bd 172.63(146.70,231.17)b 114.09(94.44,153.65)bd 30.03±3.05 38.74±6.62b
腹膜透析组 28 10.00(8.00,12.75)ce 9.00(8.00,12.75)c 0.39(0.35,0.47)c 200.39(142.63,269.86)c 118.52(90.52,153.14)ce 29.25±2.65 39.04±6.96c
统计值 H=42.786 H=40.461 H=22.312 H=34.388 H=42.359 F=2.320 F=8.316
P <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 0.079 <0.001
组别 例数 LVEDV[ml,MQR)] LVESV[ml,MQR)] LVDd(mm,
x¯
±s
LVDs[mm,MQR)] LVEF[%,MQR)] LVFS[%,MQR)]
对照组 33 91.28(78.10,103.84) 26.29(21.67,34.32) 44.64±3.41 26.00(24.50,39.50) 71.00(65.50,74.00) 40.00(35.50,43.00)
肾移植组 30 102.83(84.32,120.86) 31.26(24.54,38.16) 47.10±4.61 29.00(26.00,31.25) 71.50(63.75,74.00) 40.50(34.75,42.25)
血液透析组 31 95.65(89.22,134.97) 31.99(25.76,49.00)b 47.42±6.49 29.00(27.00,34.00)b 64.00(56.00,71.00)bd 35.00(29.00,40.00)b
腹膜透析组 28 102.00(83.25,138.49) 33.48(24.61,47.65)c 48.64±8.18 29.50(26.25,33.75)c 65.50(61.25,69.75) 36.00(32.25,39.75)
统计值 H=6.061 H=8.350 F=2.557 H=11.341 H=12.653 H=11.730
P 0.109 0.039 0.058 0.010 0.005 0.008
表3 肾移植组、血液透析组、腹膜透析组以及对照组GLPS和PSD组间比较(
xˉ
±s
图1 PSD与LVMI相关性散点图
图2 左心室17节段纵向峰值收缩应变曲线、达峰时间牛眼图。图a为对照组左心室心肌纵向峰值收缩应变,曲线幅度大且一致,牛眼图各节段颜色均匀一致,呈均一绿色,峰值应变离散度小,为15 ms;图b为终末期肾病患者左心室心肌纵向应变,曲线低平且紊乱,牛眼图各节段颜色差异较大,黄色和红色表示节段表示达峰时间延迟,峰值应变离散度大,为88 ms
图3 峰值应变离散度诊断左心室收缩非同步性的预测价值分析
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