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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2023, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (05) : 530 -536. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2023.05.011

基础研究

RGD微泡介导高频超声造影对类风湿性关节炎滑膜新生血管的定量评估
赵敏, 施依璐, 段莎莎, 王雅皙, 赵捷, 赵海玥, 张璐, 白天昊, 张小杉()   
  1. 010050 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学附属医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-28 出版日期:2023-05-01
  • 通信作者: 张小杉
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG081); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金联合基金项目(2016MS(LH)0808); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS08018)

Quantitative assessment of synovial neovascularization in rheumatoid arthritis by high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasound with arginylglycylaspartic acid microbubbles

Min Zhao, Yilu Shi, Shasha Duan, Yaxi Wang, Jie Zhao, Haiyue Zhao, Lu Zhang, Tianhao Bai, Xiaoshan Zhang()   

  1. Department of Ultrasound, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, China
  • Received:2022-02-28 Published:2023-05-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoshan Zhang
引用本文:

赵敏, 施依璐, 段莎莎, 王雅皙, 赵捷, 赵海玥, 张璐, 白天昊, 张小杉. RGD微泡介导高频超声造影对类风湿性关节炎滑膜新生血管的定量评估[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2023, 20(05): 530-536.

Min Zhao, Yilu Shi, Shasha Duan, Yaxi Wang, Jie Zhao, Haiyue Zhao, Lu Zhang, Tianhao Bai, Xiaoshan Zhang. Quantitative assessment of synovial neovascularization in rheumatoid arthritis by high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasound with arginylglycylaspartic acid microbubbles[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2023, 20(05): 530-536.

目的

探讨应用精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(RGD)微泡介导高频超声造影定量评估类风湿性关节炎滑膜新生血管的可行性。

方法

制备RGD微泡并检测其一般特性(粒径、电位、微泡浓度)。将25只SD大鼠随机分为模型组20只和对照组5只,模型组通过胶原诱导法构建类风湿性关节炎(CIA)大鼠模型,对照组大鼠注射同等剂量的生理盐水。通过超声造影检测RGD微泡与裸微泡在CIA大鼠踝关节滑膜组织内的显影,RGD微泡与裸微泡在靶组织爆破前后造影强度的差值比较采用独立样本t检验。最后,取大鼠踝关节做苏木精-伊红(HE)染色及αVβ3、CD31、VEGF免疫组化染色来印证CIA大鼠踝关节滑膜增厚及血管新生情况。

结果

制备的RGD微泡与裸微泡粒径[(0.82±0.25)μm vs(0.80±0.19)μm]和电位[(-1.63±3.52)mV vs(-1.65±3.51)mV]比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。微泡浓度均为108个/ml。成功建立CIA大鼠模型,成模率达70%(14/20)。超声造影显示RGD微泡组在CIA大鼠踝关节爆破前后造影强度的差值明显高于裸微泡组[(5.81±1.50)dB vs(0.40±0.06)dB],差异具有统计学意义(t=8.032,P=0.001)。组织病理提示,与对照组相比,CIA大鼠滑膜明显增厚,αVβ3、CD31、VEGF呈高表达。

结论

超声造影检测RGD微泡对CIA大鼠踝关节滑膜组织新生血管具有较好的靶向性,且能实现对滑膜新生血管的定量评估。

Objective

To quantitatively evaluate synovial neovascularization in rheumatoid arthritis by high-frequency contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with arginylglycylaspartic acid (RGD) microbubbles.

Methods

RGD microbubbles were prepared and their general characteristics (particle size, potential, and microbubble concentration) were detected. A total of 25 rats were randomly divided into a model group (n=20) and a control group (n=5). A rat model of rheumatoid arthritis was created using collagen-induced method. Rats in the control group were injected with the same dose of normal saline. The imaging of RGD microbubbles and naked microbubbles in the synovial tissue of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats was detected by ultrasound contrast-enhanced technology, and a comparison of contrast intensity difference between RGD microbubble and naked microbubble before and after blasting in target tissue was performed by the independent sample t test. Finally, rat ankle joints were taken for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining for αvβ3, CD31, and VEGF to confirm CIA rat ankle joint synovial thickening and angiogenesis.

Results

Compared with naked microbubbles, the particle size of the prepared RGD microbubbles was [(0.82±0.25) μm vs (0.80±0.19) μm], and the potential was [(-1.63±3.52) mV vs (-1.65±3.51) mV], with no significant difference between the two (P>0.05 for both). Microbubble concentration was all 108/ml. A CIA rat model was successfully established, and the rate of successful modeling was up to 70% (14/20). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound showed that the contrast intensity difference between before and after ankle joint explosion in CIA rats in the RGD microbubble group was significantly higher than that of the naked microbubble group [(5.81±1.50) dB vs (0.40±0.06) dB, t=8.032, P=0.001]. Histopathology showed that the synovium of CIA rats was significantly thickened and αvβ3, CD31, and VEGF were highly expressed compared with control rats.

Conclusion

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound demonstrates that RGD microbubbles have good targeting ability to neovascularization in the ankle synovial tissue of CIA rats, and it can realize the quantitative evaluation of synovial neovascularization.

图1 200倍显微镜下RGD微泡(图a)与裸微泡(图b)均呈球形且分散性良好
图2 胶原诱导性关节炎模型大鼠(图a)与对照组大鼠(图b)双后足
图3 RGD微泡和裸微泡超声造影30 s图像。图a为RGD微泡超声造影图像,图b为裸微泡超声造影图像,图c为RGD微泡超声造影时间-强度曲线,图d为裸微泡超声造影时间-强度曲线,2组微泡均在约15 s进入感兴趣区,于30 s左右达到高峰,此时2组微泡的造影强度无明显差异
图4 RGD微泡和裸微泡爆破前后超声造影图像。图a、b、c为RGD微泡图像,图d、e、f为裸微泡图像,图a、d为爆破前,图b、e为爆破后,图c、f为超声造影时间-强度(TIC)曲线;TIC曲线为胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠2组微泡造影实验过程中感兴趣区3 min 58 s到4 min 30 s所得的曲线,在第4 min和4 min 30 s的地方标两个点,分别测量造影剂强度,然后再计算差值,RGD微泡组高于裸微泡组
图5 RGD微泡与声诺维造影效果比较。图a:声诺维进入感兴趣区6 s时图像,显影强度良好;图b:声诺维造影1 min时图像,造影剂几乎已完全消退;图c:声诺维造影时间-强度(TIC)曲线:胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠实验过程中感兴趣区0~60 s所得的TIC曲线,团注结束后,造影剂即刻进入感兴趣区,16 s达到峰值强度,随后便开始消退;图d:RGD微泡造影4 min时图像,显影强度依旧良好
表1 2组大鼠血清αVβ3、VEGF及TNF-α浓度对比(pg/ml,
x¯
±s
图6 胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)大鼠关节组织苏木精-伊红(HE)及免疫组织化学染色结果(×200)。图a~d为对照组染色结果,图a显示大鼠关节腔滑膜结构清晰,无增生;图e~h为CIA大鼠模型组染色结果,图e显示CIA大鼠关节腔滑膜明显增厚,排列不整齐;模型组关节腔滑膜组织中血清整合素αVβ3(图f)、CD31(图g)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)(图h)呈高表达
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