了解上海市医疗机构超声专业技术人员及超声设备现状，为强化学科人员的管理和发展提供依据。

采用问卷调查法收集2025年上海市各级医疗机构超声学科专业人员及超声设备情况，并与2013年、2018年历史调研数据纵向对比。采用χ²检验比较不同等级医院人员结构、设备配置相关指标的差异，并采用Bonferroni法分别比较三级医院与二级、一级和民营医院的差异。

本次调研结果覆盖上海市512家医疗机构，含三级医院55家、二级医院77家、一级医院229家、民营医院151家。（1）人员结构：2025年全市超声专业人员共3008人，较2018年、2013年分别增长19.9%、58.1%；女性占比为80.3%；从业年限≥10年人员占比为72.4%；≤40岁人员1279人（42.5%），58.7%（751/1279）集中于三级医院；≥60岁人员203人（6.8%），63.1%（128/203）分布在民营医院。全市超声专业人员学历、职称结构较往年改善，博士、硕士人员占比依次为9.8%、21.4%，中级、高级职称人员占比为54.8%、21.8%；三级医院高学历、高职称人员占比高于其他各级医院，一级医院和民营医院低学历人员集中。全市超声医师执业范围为非医学影像与放射治疗专业率为4.1%，彩色多普勒血流成像（CDFI）证书持有率为72.3%。（2）超声设备配置情况：2025年超声仪器共2627台，较2018年、2013年分别增长23.7%、62.5%；国产仪器占比为23.5%。三级医院超声仪器总量占全市的48.6%，平均配置数量最高（23台/家）。全市使用年限≤5年的新超声设备占比为52.2%，＞10年的老旧设备占比为10.4%；民营医院使用年限＞10年的仪器占比为3.2%，低于其他各级医院。（3）各级医院间比较：各级医院间超声专业人员学历、职称、年龄、从业年限、CDFI证书持有率、超声仪器产地及仪器使用年限构成比总体比较，差异均具有统计学意义（χ²=1050.75、39.92、423.17、77.76、9.05、25.10、58.25，P均＜0.001）。两两比较：三级医院人员职称、从业年限、学历、年龄、仪器使用年限与其他各级医院比较，差异具有统计学意义（P均＜0.0167），而CDFI证书持有率方面差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.0167）；三级医院与一级医院仪器产地差异具有统计学意义（χ²=11.32，P=0.001），与二级和民营医院相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.0167）。

上海市超声专业人员规模、超声设备数量稳步增长，人才结构整体改善，三级医院优质资源集中，但存在资质管控弱化、资源分布不均衡、基层人才储备不足等问题。未来应统筹人才培养、资质管理与设备调配，促进上海市超声医疗质量同质化发展。

To investigate the current status of ultrasound professionals and ultrasound equipment in medical institutions across Shanghai, and to provide an evidence-based foundation for strengthening workforce management and disciplinary development.

A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on sonography staff and ultrasound equipment in Shanghai medical institutions during 2025. Longitudinal comparisons were made with historical survey data from 2013 and 2018. The chi-square (χ²) test was used to compare differences in workforce structure and equipment allocation across hospitals of different grades, and the Bonferroni method was applied for pairwise comparisons between tertiary hospitals and secondary, primary, and private hospitals.

A total of 512 medical institutions in Shanghai were enrolled, comprising 55 tertiary hospitals, 77 secondary hospitals, 229 primary hospitals, and 151 private hospitals. (1) Workforce structure in 2025: a total of 3008 sonography professionals were included, of whom 80.3% (2414/3,008) were female. The total workforce increased by 19.9% and 58.1% compared with 2018 and 2013, respectively. There were 1279 sonography professionals aged ≤40 years (42.5%), of whom 58.7% (751/1279) worked in tertiary hospitals. A total of 203 sonography professionals were aged ≥60 years (6.8%), and 63.1% (128/203) of these were employed by private hospitals. The educational background and professional title composition of the workforce improved compared with previous years. Physicians with doctoral and master's degrees accounted for 9.8% and 21.4%, respectively, while intermediate and senior professional titles accounted for 54.8% and 21.8%. Tertiary hospitals had a higher proportion of staff with advanced academic degrees and senior titles, whereas primary and private hospitals concentrated staff with lower educational attainment. The mismatch rate of practicing scope among sonographers was 4.1%, and the overall possession rate of color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) certification reached 72.3%. (2) Equipment allocation: there were 2627 ultrasound devices in Shanghai in 2025, representing an increase of 23.7% versus 2018 and 62.5% versus 2013, with domestically manufactured equipment accounting for 23.5%. Tertiary hospitals held 48.6% of all ultrasound devices citywide, with the highest average allocation of 23 units per hospital. New devices with a service life ≤5 years constituted 52.2% of the total inventory, while outdated equipment used for ＞10 years accounted for 10.4%. Private hospitals had only 3.2% of equipment with a service life ＞10 years, a proportion lower than that observed in other hospital tiers. (3) Comparisons among hospitals of different levels: overall comparisons of the constituent ratios of educational background, professional title, age, working years, and CDFI possession rate among ultrasound professionals, as well as the origin and service life of ultrasound equipment, revealed statistically significant differences across hospital grades (χ²=1050.75, 39.92, 423.17, 77.76, 9.05, 25.10, and 58.25, respectively; all P＜0.001). Pairwise comparisons demonstrated that educational background, professional title, age, working years, and equipment service life differed significantly between tertiary hospitals and other types of hospitals (all P＜0.0167), whereas no significant differences were observed in CDFI possession rate. Regarding equipment origin, a statistically significant difference was found between tertiary and primary hospitals (χ²=11.32, P=0.001), while no significant differences were identified between tertiary hospitals and secondary or private hospitals.

The number of ultrasound professionals and ultrasound devices in Shanghai has increased steadily, accompanied by an overall improvement in workforce structure, with superior resources concentrated in tertiary hospitals. Nevertheless, challenges remain prominent, including inadequate qualification supervision, uneven distribution of medical resources, and insufficient talent reserves at grassroots institutions. Integrated strategies encompassing talent training, certification administration, and equipment deployment should be implemented to advance the homogenized quality of ultrasound medical services in Shanghai.