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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2015, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (02) : 136 -141. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2015.02.010

所属专题: 妇产科超声影像学 文献 妇产科超声

妇产科超声影像学

三维超声定量分析胎儿脑干小脑蚓部角及脑干小脑幕角的临床价值
张丽丽1, 邓学东1,(), 杨忠1, 李晓兵1, 梁青1   
  1. 1. 215002 南京医科大学附属苏州医院 苏州市立医院本部超声中心
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-15 出版日期:2015-02-01
  • 通信作者: 邓学东
  • 基金资助:
    苏州市"科教兴卫"科研基金项目(KJXW2013027)

The value of quantitatively fetal brainstem-vermis and brainstem-tentorium angles evaluation by three-dimensional ultrasonography

Lili Zhang1, Xuedong Deng1,(), Zhong Yang1, Xiaobing Li1, Qin Liang1   

  1. 1. Center of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou 215002, China
  • Received:2014-10-15 Published:2015-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Xuedong Deng
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Deng Xuedong, Email:
引用本文:

张丽丽, 邓学东, 杨忠, 李晓兵, 梁青. 三维超声定量分析胎儿脑干小脑蚓部角及脑干小脑幕角的临床价值[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2015, 12(02): 136-141.

Lili Zhang, Xuedong Deng, Zhong Yang, Xiaobing Li, Qin Liang. The value of quantitatively fetal brainstem-vermis and brainstem-tentorium angles evaluation by three-dimensional ultrasonography[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2015, 12(02): 136-141.

目的

探讨经腹部三维超声定量分析胎儿脑干小脑蚓部BV角、脑干小脑幕BT角在小脑蚓部发育异常疾病鉴别诊断中的应用价值。

方法

2013年7月至2014年7月对南京医科大学附属苏州市立医院产前超声中心系统超声检查的孕18~34周335例正常胎儿行颅脑超声检查,应用经腹部三维超声获得胎儿小脑蚓部正中矢状切面,测量小脑蚓部BV角和小脑幕BT角,并与16例小脑蚓部发育异常胎儿(典型Dandy-Walker畸形4例,Dandy-Walker变异6例,Blake囊肿6例)相同方法测量的结果进行对照分析。

结果

335例正常胎儿三维超声测得的BV角为1.0°~10.0°,平均值为(3.3±1.7)°;BT角为16.6°~57.8°,平均值为(31.5± 6.9)°。16例小脑蚓部发育异常胎儿三维超声测得的BV角和BT角分别为:(1)4例典型Dandy-Walker畸形胎儿小脑蚓部明显上抬,BV角明显增大,平均值为(88.9±18.1)°,小脑幕上抬,BT角明显增大,平均值为(89.0±12.8)°。(2)6例Dandy-Walker变异胎儿小脑蚓部上旋,BV角增大,平均值为(23.7±5.2)°,BT角稍增大,平均值(54.5±12.0)°。(3)6例Blake囊肿胎儿小脑蚓部上旋,BV角轻度增大,平均值(16.7±1.8)°,BT角稍增大,平均值为(50.3±8.2)°。三维超声测量结果与正常胎儿测量结果相比,Blake囊肿、Dandy-Walker变异、Dandy-Walker畸形胎儿小脑蚓部BV角大于正常组,且随小脑蚓部发育异常程度增加而增加,Dandy-Walker畸形胎儿小脑幕BT角明显增大。

结论

经腹部三维超声测量BV角和BT角对胎儿小脑蚓部发育异常疾病的鉴别诊断具有重要价值;孕19周后,当BV角大于60°怀疑为Dandy-Walker畸形,BV角大于10°而小于20°时提示可能为Blake囊肿。

Objective

To evaluate the role of fetal brainstem-vermis (BV) and brainstem-tentorium (BT) angles in differential diagnosis of fetal cereballar vermis anomalies by three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Methods

A total of 335 normally developed fetuses at 18-34 gestational weeks were examined prospectively in Prenatal Ultrasound Center of Suzhou Municipal Hospital from July 2013 to July 2014 by three-dimensional ultrasonography scanning. The BV angles and BT angles were measured at the mid-sagittal sections of fetal heads which were obtained by three-dimensional ultrasonography. Sixteen fetuses with abnormal cerebellar vermis were selected. The BV angles and BT angles were measured and compared with the measurements of normal group.

Results

In normal fetuses, the mean of BV angles was (3.3±1.7)°, ranging from1.0 to 10.0°; the mean BT angle was (31.5±6.9)°, and ranging from 16.6 to 57.8°. In 16 cases of abnormal cerebellar vermis, 4 cases of Dandy-Walker Malformation (DWM) showed significantly upward rotated cerebellar vermises, the BV angles increased significantly (88.9±18.1)°, the cerebellar tentoriums were superior displaced, the BT angles increased remarkably (89.0±12.8)°; 6 cases of Dandy-Walker variant (DWV) showed upward rotated cerebellar vermises, with increased BV angles (23.7±5.2)°, and slightly increased BT angles (54.5±12.0)°; 6 cases of Blake′s pouch cyst (BPC) showed upward rotated cerebellar vermises were, mildly increased BV angles (16.7±1.8)°, and slightly increased BT angles (50.3±8.2)°. The comparison results showed: BV angles increased with increasing severity of the condition in BPC, DWV and DWM; BT angles increased significantly in DWM.

Conclusions

The measurements of BV angles and BT angles are valuable in the differential diagnosis of fetal cereballar vermis anomalies. From 19 gestational weeks, a BV angle >60° is strongly suggestive of a Dandy-Walker malformation, while a measurement >10.0° and < 20° favors the diagnosis of Blake′s pouch cyst.

图3 胎儿头颅正中矢状切面显示正常胎儿BV角、BT角的测量
表1 正常组335例胎儿小脑BV角和BT角测量结果(±s
表2 小脑蚓部异常组16例胎儿小脑BV角和BT角超声测量值和超声诊断结果
图7 Dandy-Walker畸形胎儿BV角、BT角的测量,显示测量值分别为94.5°、103.4°
表3 正常组与小脑蚓部异常组胎儿BV角及BT角测量值比较(±s
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