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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2017, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (11) : 857 -861. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2017.11.012

所属专题: 文献

妇产科超声影像学

产前超声结合磁共振成像诊断Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形
伍玉晗1, 陈欣林1,(), 赵胜1, 刘丽萍1, 刘沁1, 张莉1, 王玉波1   
  1. 1. 430070 武汉,湖北省妇幼保健院超声诊断科
  • 收稿日期:2017-04-07 出版日期:2017-11-01
  • 通信作者: 陈欣林

Prenatal diagnosis of ultrasound and MRI in the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation

Yuhan Wu1, Xinlin Chen1,(), Sheng Zhao1, Liping Liu1, Qin Liu1, Li Zhang1, Yubo Wang1   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Hubei, Wuhan, 430070, China
  • Received:2017-04-07 Published:2017-11-01
  • Corresponding author: Xinlin Chen
引用本文:

伍玉晗, 陈欣林, 赵胜, 刘丽萍, 刘沁, 张莉, 王玉波. 产前超声结合磁共振成像诊断Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2017, 14(11): 857-861.

Yuhan Wu, Xinlin Chen, Sheng Zhao, Liping Liu, Qin Liu, Li Zhang, Yubo Wang. Prenatal diagnosis of ultrasound and MRI in the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2017, 14(11): 857-861.

目的

探讨产前超声及磁共振成像在胎儿脑Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形中的诊断价值。

方法

对17例于2011年1月至2016年12月在湖北省妇幼保健院产前超声及磁共振成像检查诊断为Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形胎儿的超声及磁共振图像特征和临床结局进行总结研究。

结果

孕晚期产前超声发现并诊断为Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形的胎儿15例,均表现为中线区的薄壁囊性无回声,彩色多普勒血流成像可记录到动静脉瘘频谱和胎儿静脉窦不同程度扩张;颅脑实时三维成像可对血管构架进行成像,显示供血动脉与扩张的Galen静脉间的关系。MRI特征性表现为大脑中线处、大脑大静脉池区、四叠体池区扩张的静脉瘤,邻近解剖部位见走行迂曲的流空血管影。17例胎儿中超声未诊断Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形2例;MRI辅助诊断7例。产前超声检查后17例胎儿中15例因孕妇选择终止妊娠引产,2例出生后新生儿期死亡。

结论

Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形具有典型的超声声像图表现,MRI可显示神经系统发育及受损情况,有助于对超声疑诊病例进行辅助诊断。超声与MRI联合应用可更准确、更全面地观察Galen静脉动脉瘤样畸形的病变特点,早期诊断相关并发症。

Objective

To explore the clinical value of prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation.

Methods

The ultrasonographic characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging features of 17 fetuses who were diagnosed as the vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation in Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Hubei from January 2011 to December 2016 were compared.

Results

Fifteen cases of Galen aneurysmal malformation. Were diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound during the third trimester. The sonographic feature was a hypoechogenic structure located in the middle line with arteriovenous fistula waveform in doppler analysis, and the cerebral venous sinus of all cases were dilated. Real time three dimensional power doppler can display the angioarchitecture and the communications between widened vascular sinus. MRI feature was the expansion of venous aneurysm located in the middle line, greater cerebral venous pool and quadrigeminal area and tortuous flow void vessels. Among 17 cases, 2 cases of Galen venous aneurysm malformation were misdiagnosed and 7 cases were diagnosed by MRI. There were 15 terminations and 2 neonatal died after birth.

Conclusions

Galen aneurysmal malformations have typical sonographic findings, and MRI can show neurologic development and impairment. Combined application of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging technology can more accurately and comprehensively observe the pathological features of Galen venous aneurysm malformation and diagnose the related complications early.

图1~6 孕36周VGAM胎儿产前超声、MRI及引产胎儿颅脑标本。图1二维超声示脑中线处薄壁无回声区(曲线标示);图2 彩色多普勒示颅脑无回声区丰富的血流信号;图3颅脑无回声区显示毛刺状、高速低阻血流频谱;图4 重建的三维能量多普勒图清晰显示中线结构扩张的Galen静脉(黑色箭头所示)及直窦(红色箭头所示)、横窦(白色箭头所示)的空间位置关系;图5 MRI矢状面通过流空现象显示扩张的Galen静脉(白色箭头所示);图6引产胎儿大脑标本示扩张的Galen静脉(白色箭头所示)
表1 17例VGAM胎儿产前超声及MRI表现(例数)
表2 17例VGAM胎儿临床、超声、MRI异常表现及临床结局
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