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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (05) : 359 -365. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2018.05.007

所属专题: 文献

妇产科超声影像学

泄殖腔外翻综合征前腹壁异常的产前超声诊断
黄君红1, 杨小红1,(), 陈欣林1, 赵胜1, 卢丹1, 杨帆1, 戢秀勤1   
  1. 1. 430070 武汉,湖北省妇幼保健院超声诊断科
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-05 出版日期:2018-05-01
  • 通信作者: 杨小红
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省自然科学基金(2014CFB210); 湖北省科技厅指导性计划项目(2014CKC1156)

Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of the anterior abdominal wall abnormalities in omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects complex

Junhong Huang1, Xiaohong Yang1,(), Xinlin Chen1, Sheng Zhao1, Dan Lu1, Fan Yang1, Xiuqin Ji1   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasound, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2018-01-05 Published:2018-05-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaohong Yang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Yang Xiaohong, Email:
引用本文:

黄君红, 杨小红, 陈欣林, 赵胜, 卢丹, 杨帆, 戢秀勤. 泄殖腔外翻综合征前腹壁异常的产前超声诊断[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2018, 15(05): 359-365.

Junhong Huang, Xiaohong Yang, Xinlin Chen, Sheng Zhao, Dan Lu, Fan Yang, Xiuqin Ji. Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of the anterior abdominal wall abnormalities in omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects complex[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2018, 15(05): 359-365.

目的

总结胎儿泄殖腔外翻(OEIS)综合征前腹壁畸形产前超声声像图特征。

方法

回顾性分析2008年1月至2017年3月湖北省妇幼保健院产前超声诊断的45例(46胎)OEIS综合征前腹壁异常胎儿超声声像图表现,并与引产胎儿标本尸检结果对比分析。

结果

46胎OEIS综合征均经产后随访证实,26胎有详细的病理检查资料。OEIS综合征胎儿前腹壁畸形产前超声共同特点:胎儿膀胱未显影、低位的腹壁脐带插入处、胎儿下腹壁膨出物向胎儿两股骨间突起。根据膨出物特征46胎OEIS综合征胎儿产前超声声像图表现为5类畸形:(1)以囊性为主的混合性膨出物12胎。(2)脐下腹壁膨出物伴外翻22胎,伴象鼻征13胎。(3)下腹壁脐带根部膨出6胎。(4)大的腹裂畸形3胎。(5)脐膨出伴外翻3胎。

结论

OEIS综合征胎儿前腹壁异常超声声像图表现复杂、多样,以囊性为主的混合性膨出物为OEIS综合征早期特有的超声表现,脐下腹壁膨出物伴外翻是OEIS综合征产前特征性表现。

Objective

To Summarize the prenatal ultrasonographic characteristics of abdominal wall deformity in omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS).

Methods

The prenatal ultrasonic characteristics of anterior abdominal wall abnormalities in 46 fetuses with OEIS complex were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the autopsy examination results.

Results

The 46 fetuses with OEIS were confirmed by follow-up, among which 26 fetuses had detailed autopsy informations. The prenatal ultrasound performance of fetal abdominal wall malformation included absence bladder, low abdominal wall umbilical cord insertion, and lower abdominal wall bulging between the two legs. The bulgings were divided into 5 types according to the prenatal ultrasound characteristics: (1) Predominantly cystic bulging in the lower anterior abdominal wall in 12 fetuses. (2) The abdominal bulging under the umbilical with exstrophy in 22 fetuses, of which were ″elephant trunk-like″ in 13 fetuses. (3) The lower abdominal wall bulgings in the root of the umbilical cord in 6 fetuses. (4) Large gastroschisis malformation in 3 fetuses. (5) Omphalocele with exstrophy in 3 fetuses.

Conclusions

The prenatal ultrasonographic characteristics of abdominal wall deformity in OEIS complex are diverse and complex. The predominantly cystic bulging is the early prenatal sonographic characteristic of the OEIS syndrome and abdominal bulging under the umbilical with exstrophy is the most common prenatal ultrasonic characteristic of OEIS complex.

表1 46胎腹壁异常胎儿产前超声检查结果[例数(胎数)]
表2 46胎腹壁异常胎儿腹壁膨出物特征
图1~3 孕13+3周腹壁异常胎儿产前超声声像图及产后大体标本外观图。图1灰阶声像图示胎儿下腹部囊性为主的混合性膨出物位于胎尾侧(红箭头所示),实性膨出物(黄箭头所示)位于胎头侧;图2,3引产胎儿大体标本示腹壁膨出物内侧囊壁上可见双侧输尿管(图2,黄箭头所示)及呈盲端的直肠相连(图2,黑箭头所示),腹壁未见明显囊性包块(图3)
图4~7 孕17+5周腹壁异常胎儿产前超声声像图及产后大体标本外观图。图4灰阶声像图示胎儿低位脐带插入(红箭头所示)下方腹壁可见膨出物,膨出物下方可见呈"象鼻征"样的脏器外翻(黄箭头所示);图5彩色多普勒血流成像示脐血流走行于膨出物上缘(箭头所示),非包绕走行;图6,7引产胎儿大体标本示脐带插入下方腹壁膨出物(图6,箭头所示);膨出物下方可见外翻的两个膀胱瓣,其上均可见输尿管开口(图7,黄箭头所示),中间可见脱出的回肠末端,会阴处可见两个小的会阴样突起(图7,红箭头所示)
表3 46胎OEIS综合征胎儿腹壁异常类型、检出孕周及病理检查结果
图10,11 孕33+6周腹裂畸形胎儿产前超声声像图及产后大体标本外观图。图10灰阶声像图示胎儿腹壁缺损,肝脏、胆囊、肠管脱出体外,肠管扩张;图11引产胎儿大体标本示大的腹裂畸形伴脏器外翻
图12~14 孕36+3周脐膨出伴脏器外翻胎儿产前超声声像图及产后大体标本外观图。图12,13灰阶声像图示胎儿脐膨出(图12);膨出下方伴脏器外翻,呈"象鼻征"(图13);图14引产胎儿大体标本示脐膨出伴其下方脏器外翻
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