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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2018, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (09) : 654 -660. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2018.09.004

所属专题: 文献

头颈部超声影像学

超声评估大脑中动脉慢性闭塞患者侧支循环的临床意义
韩佳霖1, 惠品晶1,(), 郑园园1, 张白1, 胡春洪2, 刘一之3, 方琪4   
  1. 1. 215006 苏州大学附属第一医院颈脑血管超声科
    2. 215006 苏州大学附属第一医院影像科
    3. 215006 苏州大学附属第一医院介入科
    4. 215006 苏州大学附属第一医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2018-07-03 出版日期:2018-09-01
  • 通信作者: 惠品晶
  • 基金资助:
    2017年江苏省干部保健科研项目(BJ17010); 江苏省科技厅社会发展项目-重点病种规范化诊疗项目(BE2016670); 江苏省医学创新团队(领军人才)(CXTDA2017026); 苏州市民生科技示范工程项目(SS201714,SS201859); 科技部十三五重大专项(2017YFC0114302)

The clinical significance of evaluating collateral circulation in patients with chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion by ultrasound

Jialin Han1, Pinjing Hui1,(), Yuanyuan Zheng1, Bai Zhang1, Chunhong Hu2, Yizhi Liu3, Qi Fang4   

  1. 1. Department of Carotid and Cerebralvascular Ultrasonography, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
    2. Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
    3. Department of Intervention, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
    4. Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
  • Received:2018-07-03 Published:2018-09-01
  • Corresponding author: Pinjing Hui
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Hui Pinjing, Email:
引用本文:

韩佳霖, 惠品晶, 郑园园, 张白, 胡春洪, 刘一之, 方琪. 超声评估大脑中动脉慢性闭塞患者侧支循环的临床意义[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2018, 15(09): 654-660.

Jialin Han, Pinjing Hui, Yuanyuan Zheng, Bai Zhang, Chunhong Hu, Yizhi Liu, Qi Fang. The clinical significance of evaluating collateral circulation in patients with chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion by ultrasound[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2018, 15(09): 654-660.

目的

探讨经颅多普勒超声(TCD)和(或)经颅彩色多普勒超声(TCCS)检查评估单侧大脑中动脉慢性闭塞(CMCAO)患者侧支循环的临床意义。

方法

回顾性连续纳入2015年8月至2018年4月苏州大学附属第一医院由TCD和(或)TCCS诊断为单侧CMCAO并经数字减影血管造影(DSA)证实的患者54例,记录患者DSA上软脑膜侧支(LMA)分级。TCD和(或)TCCS检测并记录大脑前动脉(ACA)、大脑后动脉(PCA)的平均流速(MV),并计算其患侧(i)与健侧(c)MV比值(MViACA/MVcACA、MViPCA/MVcPCA)。采用Spearman相关分析法分析ACA及PCA血流动力学参数与LMA分级的相关性。根据临床症状将患者分无症状组(8例),短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)组(19例)和脑梗死(CI)组(27例),比较3组患者ACA及PCA血流参数差异及相对CT灌注参数的差异。

结果

MViACA、MViACA/MVcACA与LMA分级均呈显著正相关(r=0.568,P=0.000;r=0.757,P=0.000);MViPCA、MViPCA/MVcPCA与LMA分级均呈正相关(r=0.383,P=0.004;r=0.624,P=0.000)。无症状组、TIA组患者MViACA、MViPCA、MViACA/MVcACA、MViPCA/MVcPCA均高于脑梗死组,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。无症状组、TIA组患者相对脑血流量(rCBF)、相对脑血容量(rCBV)均高于脑梗死组患者,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);相对平均通过时间(rMTT)、相对达峰时间(rTTP)均低于脑梗死组患者,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论

TCD和(或)TCCS上ACA及PCA血流动力学参数与DSA上LMA分级具有明显相关性,且与CT灌注成像结果有良好的一致性,对于指导单侧CMCAO患者选择个体化治疗方案具有重要意义。

Objective

To study the clinical significance of transcranial Doppler (TCD) and/or transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS) in the evaluation of collateral circulation in patients with unilateral chronic middle cerebral artery occlusion (CMCAO).

Methods

From August 2015 to April 2018, 54 consecutive patients diagnosed as unilateral CMCAO by TCD and/or TCCS and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled retrospectively. The leptomeningeal anastomoses (LMA) grades on DSA were recorded. TCD and/or TCCS were used to measure and record the mean velocity (MV) of bilateral anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the ratios of ipsilateral MV to the contralateral were calculated (MViACA/MVcACA, MViPCA/MVcPCA). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ACA, PCA blood flow parameters and LMA grades on DSA. All patients were divided into three groups according to clinical symptoms: asymtom group (n=8) and transient ischemic attack (TIA) group (n=19)and cerebral infarction (CI) group (n=27). The differences in ACA and PCA blood flow parameters and relative CT perfusion parameters were compared between the three groups.

Results

MViACA and MViACA/MVcACA were significantly positively correlated (r=0.568, P=0.000; r=0.757, P=0.000); MViPCA and MViPCA/MVcPCA were positively correlated with LMA grades on DSA (r=0.383, P=0.004; r=0.624, P=0.000). MViACA, MViPCA and MViACA/MVcACA, MViPCA/MVcPCA in asymtom group and TIA group were higher than those in CI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in asymtom group and TIA group were higher than those in CI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05), the relative mean transit time (rMTT) and relative peak time (rTTP) were lower in asymtom and TIA group than in CI group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The hemodynamic parameters of ACA and PCA on TCD and/or TCCS have significant correlation with the LMA grades on DSA and have good consistency with the CTP results, which play an important role in guiding patients with unilateral CMCAO to select individualized treatment strategies.

表1 3组单侧CMCAO患者DSA上LMA分级(例)
图1~10 患者,男性,42岁,因反复头晕20 d就诊,经颅多普勒超声检查示右侧大脑中动脉慢性闭塞。图1为右侧颈内动脉正位造影示右侧大脑中动脉闭塞(红色箭头所示),软脑膜支代偿分级为3级(黑色箭头所示);图2为经颅多普勒超声检查示右侧大脑前动脉代偿、血流速度增快,即平均血流速度为102 cm/s;图3为经颅多普勒超声检查示左侧大脑前动脉流速正常,即平均血流速度为50 cm/s;图4为右侧椎动脉正位造影示软脑膜支代偿分级为3级(黑色箭头所示);图5为经颅多普勒超声检查示右侧大脑后动脉代偿血流速度增快,即平均血流速度为118 cm/s;图6为经颅多普勒超声检查示左侧大脑后动脉血流速度正常,即平均血流速度为31 cm/s;图7~10为CT灌注成像示该患者右侧颞叶脑血流量升高(相对脑血流量为1.11),脑血容量升高(相对脑血容量为1.14),平均通过时间稍延长(相对平均通过时间为1.05),达峰时间稍延长(相对达峰时间为1.12),即大脑中动脉慢性闭塞远端供血区灌注时间稍延迟,脑血流量代偿性升高,脑血容量基本不变,提示侧支循环对脑血流灌注的代偿作用
图11~20 患者,女性,68岁,因晕厥伴右侧肢体无力、头晕呕吐1 d就诊,经颅多普勒超声检查示左侧大脑中动脉慢性闭塞。图11为左侧颈内动脉正位造影示左侧大脑中动脉闭塞(红色箭头所示),软脑膜支代偿分级为1级(黑色箭头所示);图12为经颅多普勒超声检查示左侧大脑前动脉血流速度未见明显增快,即平均血流速度为53 cm/s;图13为经颅多普勒超声检查示右侧大脑前动脉血流速度正常,即平均血流速度为55 cm/s;图14为右侧椎动脉正位造影示软脑膜支代偿分级为1级(黑色箭头所示);图15为经颅多普勒超声检查示左侧大脑后动脉血流速度未见明显增快,即平均血流速度为35 cm/s;图16为经颅多普勒超声检查示右侧大脑后动脉血流速度正常,即平均血流速度为34 cm/s;图17~20为CT灌注成像示患者左侧颞叶脑血流量降低(相对脑血流量为0.78),脑血容量降低(相对脑血容量为0.88),平均通过时间明显延长(相对平均通过时间为1.68),达峰时间明显延长(相对达峰时间为1.62),即大脑中动脉慢性闭塞远端供血区灌注时间明显延迟,脑血流量及脑血容量减低,提示侧支循环代偿不足、脑灌注较差
表2 3组单侧CMCAO患者超声血流动力学参数比较(±s
表3 三组单侧CMCAO患者颞叶相对CT灌注成像参数比较[MQR)]
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