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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2019, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (06) : 426 -432. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2019.06.004

所属专题: 文献

妇产科超声影像学

双胎反向动脉灌注序列征的超声评估指标及病理特征分析
鲁力1, 杨小红1,(), 赵胜1, 陈欣林1   
  1. 1. 430070 武汉,湖北省妇幼保健院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-03 出版日期:2019-06-01
  • 通信作者: 杨小红

Ultrasonographic and pathological characteristics of twin reversed-arterial perfusion sequence

Li Lu1, Xiaohong Yang1,(), Sheng Zhao1, Xinlin Chen1   

  1. 1. Department of Ultrasonography, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, China
  • Received:2018-11-03 Published:2019-06-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaohong Yang
  • About author:
    Corresponding author: Yang Xiaohong, Email:
引用本文:

鲁力, 杨小红, 赵胜, 陈欣林. 双胎反向动脉灌注序列征的超声评估指标及病理特征分析[J]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2019, 16(06): 426-432.

Li Lu, Xiaohong Yang, Sheng Zhao, Xinlin Chen. Ultrasonographic and pathological characteristics of twin reversed-arterial perfusion sequence[J]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2019, 16(06): 426-432.

目的

回顾性分析双胎反向动脉灌注序列征(TRAP)胎儿的超声表现、病理特征及预后结局,对半心畸胎与无心畸胎TRAP进行比较分析。

方法

选取2001年1月至2017年12月在湖北省妇幼保健院产前确诊并经病理证实的单绒毛膜TRAP病例106例,将其分为半心畸胎组(18例)与无心畸胎组(88例),比较2组胎儿的一般资料、超声相关测量参数、病理结果及预后结局。并按照预后将TRAP病例分为预后良好组(25例)及预后不良组(81例),分析2组之间超声指标及病理结果存在的差异。

结果

半心畸胎组与无心畸胎组的孕妇年龄、孕产次数、妊娠合并症、药物接触史、放射线接触史差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。半心畸胎组的平均诊断孕龄小于无心畸胎组(t=-2.20,P=0.02);泵血儿心胸比例、泵血儿脐带内径、畸胎儿脐带内径、绒毛膜性与无心畸胎组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。2组胎儿性别差异存在统计学意义(χ2=6.00,P=0.03);半心畸胎组中畸胎儿的头颅发育例数多于无心畸胎组(χ2=29.50,P<0.01);2组的畸胎儿躯干发育、泵血儿妊娠结局及活产胎儿体重差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。预后良好组与预后不良组的泵血儿心胸比例、泵血儿脐带内径差异存在统计学意义(t=2.20,P=0.03;t′=-2.50,P=0.02);胎儿性别、畸胎儿头颅发育、躯干发育及畸胎儿脐带内径差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。

结论

TRAP中,半心畸胎儿诊断孕龄早于无心畸胎儿,颅骨发育好于无心畸胎儿,且女性胎儿较男性胎儿多见,无心畸胎儿中则是男性胎儿较女性胎儿多见;TRAP泵血儿脐带内径及心胸比例对预测妊娠结局有一定的意义。

Objective

To analyze the imaging and pathological characteristics and outcomes in hemicardia and acardiacus of the twin reversed-arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP) retrospectively, and to explore the risk factor for poor pregnancy outcome.

Methods

A retrospective study was performed to evaluate 18 hemicardia and 88 acardiac pregnancies with TRAP sequence between January 2001 and December 2017 and to analyze perinatal outcomes. The parameters analyzed included gestational age, amniotic fluid of fetuses with heart pumping, cardiothoracic ratio of fetuses with heart pumping, umbilical cord diameter of acardiac fetuses, umbilical cord diameter of fetuses with heart pumping, cephalic structure, truncal structure, sex, pregnancy outcome and so on.

Results

There was no significant difference in sex, age of pregnant women, or medical history (P>0.05) between the two groups. Gestational age was significantly lower in the hemicardia group than in the acardiacus group (t=-2.20 P=0.02). There was also a significant difference in sex and the percentage of fetuses with cephalic structure between the two groups (χ2=6.00, P=0.02; χ2=29.50, P<0.01). The umbilical cord diameter and cardiothoracic ratio of fetuses with heart pumping differed significantly between fetuses with a good prognosis and those with a poor prognosis (t=2.20, P=0.03; t′=-2.50, P=0.02).

Conclusion

The cephalic structure of hemicardia is well developed than that of acardiacus. More females have hemicardia, and more males have acardiacus. The umbilical cord diameter and cardiothoracic ratio are potentially practical parameters for predicting the outcome of TRAP fetuses with heart pumping.

图1 双胎反向动脉灌注序列征半心畸胎儿产前超声声像图。图a为泵血儿正中矢状切面图,测量头臀径;图b为半心畸胎儿矢状切面图,畸胎儿全身皮肤水肿,颅骨光环可显示;图c为半心畸胎儿脐动脉显示逆向明亮的单脐动脉血流(箭头所示UMA)及色彩暗淡的脐静脉血流(箭头所示UV);图d为半心畸胎儿心脏搏动频谱图(黄色箭头所示为取样容积)
图2 双胎反向动脉灌注序列征半心畸胎儿引产后X线片及病理标本图。图a为半心畸胎儿X线片显示全身皮肤水肿及巨大的淋巴水囊瘤;图b为半心畸胎儿发育不良的头颅及面部结构;图c为半心畸胎儿发育不良的心脏,无瓣膜结构;图d为胎盘表面可见细窄的半心畸胎儿脐带插入点(蓝色箭头所示)及泵血儿脐带插入点(黄色箭头所示),两者间有血管交通(白色虚线所示)
表1 TRAP半心畸胎组与无心畸胎组一般资料比较[例(%)]
表2 TRAP半心畸胎组与无心畸胎组超声指标比较
表3 TRAP半心畸胎组与无心畸胎组病理结果及妊娠结局比较[例(%)]
表4 TRAP泵血儿预后良好组与不良组比较
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