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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (02) : 120 -130. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.02.005

妇产科超声影像学

胎儿心脏定量分析技术评估单纯性完全型大动脉转位胎儿心脏形态及功能的初步研究
沈婷婷1,2, 赵博文1,(), 潘美1, 彭晓慧1, 陈冉1, 田园诗1, 张铭旋1   
  1. 1. 310016 杭州,浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院超声科 浙江省胎儿心脏超声诊断技术指导中心 浙江大学邵逸夫临床医学研究所
    2. 312000 绍兴,浙江省绍兴市第七人民医院特检科
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-22 出版日期:2025-02-01
  • 通信作者: 赵博文
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2705700)浙江大学科学技术研究院一般横向项目(校合-2021-KYY-518053-0055)浙江省中医药科学研究基金项目(2018ZB075)

Evaluation of cardiac morphology and function in fetuses with simple complete transposition of the great arteries using fetal heart quantification:a preliminary study

Tingting Shen1,2, Bowen Zhao1,(), Mei Pan1, Xiaohui Peng1, Ran Chen1, Yuanshi Tian1, Mingxuan Zhang1   

  1. 1. Department of Diagnostic Ultrasound &Echocardiography,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University College of Medicine,Technical Guidance Center for Fetal Echocardiography of Zhejiang Province & Sir Run Run Shaw Institute of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310016,China
    2. Department of Special Inspection,Shaoxing Seventh People's Hospital,Shaoxing 312000,China
  • Received:2024-12-22 Published:2025-02-01
  • Corresponding author: Bowen Zhao
引用本文:

沈婷婷, 赵博文, 潘美, 彭晓慧, 陈冉, 田园诗, 张铭旋. 胎儿心脏定量分析技术评估单纯性完全型大动脉转位胎儿心脏形态及功能的初步研究[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(02): 120-130.

Tingting Shen, Bowen Zhao, Mei Pan, Xiaohui Peng, Ran Chen, Yuanshi Tian, Mingxuan Zhang. Evaluation of cardiac morphology and function in fetuses with simple complete transposition of the great arteries using fetal heart quantification:a preliminary study[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(02): 120-130.

目的

探讨胎儿心脏定量分析技术(fetal HQ)在评价单纯性完全型大动脉转位(D-TGA)胎儿心脏形态和功能中的价值。

方法

回顾性分析2020 年5 月至2023 年12 月在浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院就诊,经胎儿超声心动图诊断为单纯性D-TGA 的胎儿31 例(D-TGA 组),并选取与其孕龄相匹配的正常胎儿171 例作为对照(对照组)。采集胎儿标准四腔心切面,应用fetal HQ软件测量舒张末期基底-心尖长度、横向宽度、面积,计算整体球形指数(GSI);测量左、右心室功能变化:包括左心室射血分数(EF)、左右心室面积变化率(FAC);通过斑点追踪技术分析左右心室舒张末期面积、长径及24 节段舒张末期横向长度(ED)、球形指数(SI)、短轴缩短率(FS)及左右心室整体纵向应变(GLS)。分析比较2 组胎儿的心脏大血管参数以及主动脉瓣环直径(AO)、肺动脉瓣环直径(PA)、主肺动脉直径(MPA)及其Z-评分。

结果

D-TGA 组与对照组间GSI、左右心室FAC、左右心室GLS、左心室舒张末期面积、左心室长度比较差异有统计学意义(P 均<0.05)。左心室20 ~24 节段、右心室8 ~24 节段ED 比较差异有统计学意义(P 均<0.05);左心室20 ~24 节段、右心室15 ~22 节段FS 比较差异有统计学意义(P 均<0.05);左心室1 ~4 节段、10 ~17 节段及第19 节段,右心室1 ~9 节段SI 比较差异有统计学意义(P 均<0.05)。D-TGA 组胎儿AO Z-评分与PA Z-评分比较差异有统计学意义(1.32±0.70 vs -0.22±1.09,P<0.05)。

结论

心室比例失调及功能改变是D-TGA 胎儿的重要特征,利用fetal HQ 技术可定量评估D-TGA 胎儿的心脏形态和功能,为分析D-TGA 胎儿的心室重构提供参考依据。

Objective

To assess the value of fetal heart quantiflcation (fetal HQ) in evaluating heart morphology and function in fetuses with simple complete transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA).

Methods

Thirty-one fetuses with simple D-TGA (D-TGA group) diagnosed by fetal echocardiography who visited Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and 171 normal fetuses with matched gestational weeks were used as controls (control group).Fetal standard 4-chamber views (4CV) were collected, and fetal HQ software was applied to measure end diastolic basal apical length, transverse width, and area, and calculate the global spherical index (GSI).Measurements of left and right ventricular functional changes were also performed,including left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), and left and right ventricular fraction area change (FAC).Left and right ventricular end-diastolic areas were analyzed by speckle tracking imaging (STI), and longitudinal diameter and 24-segment end-diastolic diameter (ED), spherical index (SI), fractional shortening (FS),and global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the left and right ventricles were analyzed by STI.The great artery parameters of the fetuses in both groups were analyzed, including aortic diameter (AO), pulmonary artery diameter (PA), main pulmonary artery diameter (MPA), and their Z-scores.

Results

The differences in GSI, left and right ventricular FAC, left and right ventricular GLS, left ventricular end-diastolic area, and left ventricular length were signiflcant between the D-TGA group and the control group (all P<0.05).There were statistically signiflcant differences in ED of left ventricular segments 20-24 ED and right ventricular segments 8-24 (all P<0.05), in FS of left ventricular segments 20-24 and right ventricular segments (all P<0.05).and in SI of left ventricular segments 1-4, 10-17, and 19, and right ventricular segments 1-9 (all P<0.05)between the two groups.The difference between fetal AO Z-score and PA Z-score in the D-TGA group was statistically significant (1.32±0.70 vs -0.22±1.09, P<0.05).

Conclusion

Quantitative assessment of fetal cardiac morphology and function using the fetal HQ technique provides a reference basis for analyzing ventricular remodeling in D-TGA fetuses.

图1 完全型大动脉转位胎儿超声心动图诊断切面。图a 为四腔心切面未见明显异常,左右心大小对称、房室连接关系正常; 图b 为心室流出道切面显示主动脉起源于右心室,肺动脉起源于左心室,主动脉与肺动脉平行走行; 图c 为三血管气管切面,呈典型“I”字形,仅显示两条血管,主动脉和上腔静脉;图d 为三血管切面显示典型的血管排列关系异常,由正常胎儿的“一条线”变为“三角形”,主动脉位于肺动脉的右前方,肺动脉位于主动脉的左后方 注:LV 为左心室;RV 为右心室;LA 为左心房;RA 为右心房;AO 为主动脉;PA 为肺动脉;SVC 为上腔静脉;T 为气管;AAO 为升主动脉;MPA 为主肺动脉
图2 应用fetal HQ 于四腔心切面测量舒张末期心脏整体球形指数
图3 fetal HQ 定量分析图像。图a 为从心尖到三尖瓣外侧环放置M 型取样线;图b 为确定舒张末期和收缩末期标记点;图c 为描迹心室收缩末期心内膜轮廓曲线;图d 为描迹心室舒张末期心内膜轮廓曲线
表1 D-TGA 组与对照组胎儿心血管参数比较[±s/MQ1Q3)]
表2 D-TGA 组与对照组左心室24 节段ED 比较(mm,±s
表3 D-TGA 组与对照组左心室24 节段FS 比较[%,±s/MQ1Q3)]
组别 例数 FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4
对照组 171 16.71(11.91,21.52) 18.25(14.14,23.05) 19.74(15.81,24.57) 21.36(17.12,26.15)
D-TGA 组 31 19.09(10.72,27.10) 21.27(11.75,29.29) 22.62(13.49,30.50) 24.59(14.01,31.42)
Z -1.199 -1.150 -0.917 -0.720
P 0.231 0.250 0.359 0.472
组别 例数 FS5 FS6 FS7 FS8
对照组 171 23.17(19.02,27.87) 24.72(20.81,29.28) 26.74(22.45,31.11) 28.54(24.53,33.01)
D-TGA 组 31 25.94(15.56,31.37) 27.36(17.48,31.37) 28.32(18.95,34.25) 28.71(21.59,37.37)
Z -0.633 -0.641 -0.613 -0.362
P 0.527 0.521 0.540 0.717
组别 例数 FS9 FS10 FS11 FS12
对照组 171 30.34(26.31,34.91) 32.47(26.91,36.34) 34.09(28.76,38.36) 36.58(30.53,40.20)
D-TGA 组 31 28.85(24.10,38.83) 30.21(24.78,41.27) 32.66(26.66,44.07) 35.45(28.69,44.07)
Z 0.040 0.114 0.227 0.351
P 0.968 0.910 0.820 0.726
组别 例数 FS13 FS14 FS15 FS16
对照组 171 37.90(32.68,42.11) 39.10±7.25 40.81±7.56 42.51±7.86
D-TGA 组 31 37.11(29.64,43.47) 38.38±9.80 39.59±9.88 40.87±9.81
统计值 Z=0.466 t=0.480 t=0.784 t=1.029
P 0.641 0.632 0.434 0.305
组别 例数 FS17 FS18 FS19 FS20
对照组 171 44.17±8.04 45.70±8.09 46.98±8.27 47.97±8.69
D-TGA 组 31 42.03±9.77 43.07±9.62 43.93±9.54 44.52±9.84
t 1.323 1.617 1.846 1.992
P 0.187 0.107 0.066 0.048
组别 例数 FS21 FS22 FS23 FS24
对照组 171 48.67±9.27 49.13±9.77 49.41±10.12 49.56±10.32
D-TGA 组 31 44.88±10.43 45.15±10.89 45.25±11.37 45.35±11.56
t 2.055 2.048 2.063 2.051
P 0.041 0.042 0.040 0.042
表4 D-TGA 组与对照组左心室24 节段SI 比较[±s/MQ1Q3)]
组别 例数 SI1 SI2 SI3 SI4
对照组 171 2.12(1.92,2.36) 2.13(1.90,2.33) 2.10(1.89,2.32) 2.07(1.89,2.31)
D-TGA 组 31 1.84(1.56,2.30) 1.82(1.58,2.40) 1.80(1.57,2.42) 1.81(1.58,2.38)
Z 2.951 2.623 2.381 2.114
P 0.003 0.009 0.017 0.035
组别 例数 SI5 SI6 SI7 SI8
对照组 171 2.07(1.89,2.32) 2.07(1.89,2.33) 2.10(1.92,2.34) 2.16(1.95,2.38)
D-TGA 组 31 1.86(1.59,2.39) 1.91(1.60,2.48) 1.94(1.61,2.57) 1.94(1.64,2.56)
Z 1.927 1.844 1.857 1.830
P 0.054 0.065 0.063 0.067
组别 例数 SI9 SI10 SI11 SI12
对照组 171 2.19(1.99,2.42) 2.22(2.02,2.46) 2.26(2.07,2.53) 2.30(2.10,2.59)
D-TGA 组 31 1.98(1.69,2.55) 2.01(1.75,2.52) 2.06(1.78,2.49) 2.09(1.80,2.47)
Z 1.872 1.977 2.122 2.266
P 0.061 0.048 0.034 0.023
组别 例数 SI13 SI14 SI15 SI16
对照组 171 2.34(2.15,2.65) 2.40(2.21,2.74) 2.50(2.26,2.83) 2.58(2.32,2.93)
D-TGA 组 31 2.15(1.83,2.47) 2.20(1.88,2.50) 2.24(1.93,2.55) 2.27(1.99,2.64)
Z 2.446 2.657 2.825 2.889
P 0.014 0.008 0.005 0.004
组别 例数 SI17 SI18 SI19 SI20
对照组 171 2.64(2.39,3.00) 2.75±0.41 2.80(2.53,3.10) 2.98(2.67,3.34)
D-TGA 组 31 2.35(2.07,2.68) 2.58±0.66 2.57(2.26,2.87) 2.81(2.34,3.10)
统计值 Z=2.822 t=1.926 Z=2.276 Z=1.777
P 0.005 0.056 0.023 0.076
组别 例数 SI21 SI22 SI23 SI24
对照组 171 3.30(2.96,3.76) 4.05(3.62,4.61) 5.69(5.11,6.59) 11.05(9.88,12.85)
D-TGA 组 31 3.17(2.73,3.52) 3.87(3.37,4.40) 5.58(4.77,6.31) 10.93(9.24,12.27)
Z 1.416 1.169 1.017 0.932
P 0.157 0.242 0.309 0.351
表5 D-TGA 组与对照组右心室24 节段ED 比较[mm,±s/MQ1Q3)]
表6 D-TGA 组与对照组右心室24 节段FS 比较[%,±s/MQ1Q3)]
组别 例数 FS1 FS2 FS3 FS4
对照组 171 20.41±7.45 21.20±6.60 21.97±6.10 22.67±5.89
D-TGA 组 31 23.16±6.33 23.27±6.25 23.39±6.72 23.50±7.51
t -1.934 -1.617 -1.181 -0.687
P 0.055 0.107 0.239 0.493
组别 例数 FS5 FS6 FS7 FS8
对照组 171 23.99(19.72,27.09) 24.53(19.99,27.65) 24.92(20.63,27.75) 25.02(20.86,28.44)
D-TGA 组 31 24.33(17.17,29.03) 24.00(16.96,30.91) 24.55(16.49,31.10) 26.45(15.52,31.94)
Z -0.422 0.210 0.112 -0.042
P 0.673 0.833 0.911 0.967
组别 例数 FS9 FS10 FS11 FS12
对照组 171 25.32(21.42,28.58) 25.54(21.43,29.32) 25.19(21.90,29.41) 25.43(21.76,29.95)
D-TGA 组 31 26.71(14.91,31.85) 26.18(14.65,33.20) 25.07(13.93,32.10) 24.55(12.89,32.00)
Z -0.152 -0.469 0.826 1.008
P 0.879 0.639 0.409 0.313
组别 例数 FS13 FS14 FS15 FS16
对照组 171 25.80(21.79,30.55) 26.61(21.88,31.34) 27.12(22.41,32.34) 27.94(23.08,32.81)
D-TGA 组 31 24.85(12.10,31.86) 23.78(12.22,31.88) 21.96(10.52,32.57) 22.21(10.30,33.54)
Z 1.304 1.725 2.035 2.237
P 0.192 0.085 0.042 0.025
组别 例数 FS17 FS18 FS19 FS20
对照组 171 28.22(23.07,33.59) 28.55(22.75,32.93) 27.36(21.84,32.78) 26.08(19.91,33.17)
D-TGA 组 31 22.52(10.07,33.88) 21.00(9.77,33.18) 22.58(11.47,31.07) 22.50(12.44,27.89)
Z 2.431 2.571 2.661 2.570
P 0.015 0.010 0.008 0.010
组别 例数 FS21 FS22 FS23 FS24
对照组 171 25.32(17.78,32.49) 24.86(17.36,32.49) 24.13(15.57,33.00) 23.90(15.41,33.03)
D-TGA 组 31 19.32(11.68,28.88) 19.96(12.15,31.60) 18.85(9.35,33.44) 19.43(7.79,34.50)
Z 2.301 2.089 1.942 1.832
P 0.021 0.037 0.052 0.067
表7 D-TGA 组与对照组右心室24 节段SI 比较[±s/MQ1Q3)]
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