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中华医学超声杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (09) : 824 -831. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1672-6448.2025.09.006

心血管超声影像学

应用RVP技术定量评估H型高血压患者颈动脉斑块特征及其与缺血性脑卒中风险的相关性
潘芮, 李守强, 陈双, 付昕, 王卓, 冷晓萍()   
  1. 150000 哈尔滨,哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院超声科
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-25 出版日期:2025-09-01
  • 通信作者: 冷晓萍
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(U22A20346); 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82402283); 黑龙江省科学技术厅龙江科技英才春雁支持计划(CYCX24003)

Assessment of carotid plaque characteristics by RVP technology and their correlation with ischemic stroke risk in H-type hypertension

Rui Pan, Shouqiang Li, Shuang Chen, Xin Fu, Zhuo Wang, Xiaoping Leng()   

  1. Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
  • Received:2025-07-25 Published:2025-09-01
  • Corresponding author: Xiaoping Leng
引用本文:

潘芮, 李守强, 陈双, 付昕, 王卓, 冷晓萍. 应用RVP技术定量评估H型高血压患者颈动脉斑块特征及其与缺血性脑卒中风险的相关性[J/OL]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2025, 22(09): 824-831.

Rui Pan, Shouqiang Li, Shuang Chen, Xin Fu, Zhuo Wang, Xiaoping Leng. Assessment of carotid plaque characteristics by RVP technology and their correlation with ischemic stroke risk in H-type hypertension[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Medical Ultrasound (Electronic Edition), 2025, 22(09): 824-831.

目的

应用原始数据斑块定量技术(RVP)评估H型高血压患者颈动脉斑块力学特征,分析其与缺血性脑卒中风险的相关性。

方法

纳入2024年9月至2025年4月期间于哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院接受颈动脉超声检查并确诊为颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的485例受试者作为研究对象,依据高血压与同型半胱氨酸(HCY)水平将其分为H型高血压组(高血压合并HCY≥10 μmol/L,202例)、单纯高血压组(HCY<10 μmol/L,128例)、高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHCY)组(无高血压但HCY≥10 μmol/L,86例)及对照组(无高血压且HCY<10 μmol/L,69例)。另依据是否发生脑卒中事件,将所有受试者分为脑卒中组(169例)与非脑卒中组(316例)。采用RVP技术提取斑块应变参数,包括对比系数(CNT)、均匀指数(ENT)、逆相关指数(NRT)及能量参数(CPT)。采用单因素方差分析比较多组间斑块应变参数的差异;采用χ2检验比较多组间脑卒中发生率的差异;基于Logistic回归构建3种多因素回归模型,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线和限制性立方样条图(RCS)模型探讨各因素与脑卒中风险的关联。

结果

H型高血压组、单纯高血压组、HHCY组及对照组4组间的CNT值与ENT值比较(57.75±27.31 vs 52.18±22.04 vs 56.84±23.16 vs 47.22±18.96;0.46±0.08 vs 0.47±0.07 vs 0.46±0.07 vs 0.50±0.09),差异具有统计学意义(F=3.95、4.71,P=0.008、0.003)。H型高血压组脑卒中发生率最高(48.02%),显著高于HHCY组、单纯高血压组及对照组(33.72%、27.34%、11.59%)。多因素Logistic回归模型表明,高血压分型在3个模型中均与脑卒中事件的发生显著相关。ROC分析显示,CNT和ENT的AUC值分别为0.814和0.757,评估效能优于HCY(AUC=0.670),而NRT和CPT评估能力较弱。RCS分析显示,HCY与脑卒中风险呈非线性正相关,CNT和ENT与脑卒中风险分别呈线性正相关和负相关,NRT则表现为非线性波动关系。

结论

H型高血压可通过增强斑块核心应变增加患者缺血性脑卒中的发生风险,RVP技术可有效量化颈动脉斑块的力学特征,在评估缺血性脑卒中方面有潜在临床价值。

Objective

To investigate the mechanical characteristics of carotid plaques in patients with H-type hypertension using RawVision® plaque quantification technology (RVP), and to analyze their correlation with the risk of ischemic stroke.

Methods

A total of 485 subjects who underwent carotid artery ultrasound examination and were diagnosed with carotid atherosclerotic plaques at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from September 2024 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects. According to hypertension and homocysteine (HCY) status, they were divided into four groups: H-type hypertension group (202 cases), simple hypertension group (128 cases), isolated hyperhomocysteinemia group (HHCY) (86 cases), and control group (69 cases). RVP technology was used to extract plaque strain parameters, including contrast (CNT), equality (ENT), non-relationship (NRT), and capabilities (CPT). Logistic regression, multivariate subgroup analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed to assess the association between these parameters and stroke risk.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in CNT (57.75±27.31 vs 52.18±22.04 vs 56.84±23.16 vs 47.22±18.96) and ENT (0.46±0.08 vs 0.47±0.07 vs 0.46±0.07 vs 0.50±0.09) values among the four groups (P=0.008 and 0.003, respectively). The H-type hypertension group had the highest stroke incidence (48.02%), which was significantly greater than that of the other groups (33.72%, 27.34%, and 11.59%, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension subtype was significantly associated with stroke events in all three models. ROC analysis showed that the AUC values of CNT and ENT for predicting stroke risk were 0.814 and 0.757, respectively, and their evaluation efficacy was superior to that of HCY (AUC=0.670), while the evaluation capabilities of NRT and CPT were relatively weak. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear positive association between HCY and stroke risk; CNT was linearly positively correlated and ENT negatively correlated with stroke risk, whereas NRT showed a fluctuating nonlinear relationship.

Conclusion

H-type hypertension potentially elevates ischemic stroke risk through increased plaque core strain, while RVP technology demonstrates clinical utility for stroke risk assessment by effectively quantifying carotid plaque mechanical characteristics.

表1 不同高血压水平颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者组间一般临床资料比较
表2 是否发生缺血性脑卒中事件的颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者一般临床资料比较
表3 不同高血压水平颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者组间RVP参数比较(
±s
图1 颈动脉斑块的RVP定量分析技术的超声声像图。图a为非脑卒中组患者,CNT:35.391,ENT:0.554,NRT:99.893%,CPT:0.002;图b为脑卒中组患者,CNT:104.561,ENT:0.367,NRT:99.832%,CPT:0.001 注:CNT为对比系数,ENT为均匀指数,NRT为逆相关指数,CPT为能量参数
表4 不同高血压分型颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者脑卒中发生情况比较[例(%)]
表5 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者高血压分型与脑卒中风险事件关系的多因素回归模型分析
图2 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者不同脑卒中风险评估指标的受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析图。图a为HCY与CNT的ROC曲线;图b为ENT、NRT与CPT的ROC曲线 注:HCY为同型半胱氨酸;CNT为对比系数;ENT为均匀指数;NRT为逆相关指数;CPT为能量参数
图3 颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者脑卒中风险的限制性立方样条图分析结果。图a~d分别为HCY、CNT、ENT、NRT四个指标的分析结果 注:CNT为对比系数;ENT为均匀指数;NRT为逆相关指数;CPT为能量参数
表6 RVP技术与传统弹性成像技术评估颈动脉粥样硬化斑块患者斑块应变参数的重复性分析
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